Exam 2-Chapter 10 Flashcards
what processes carry green water?
transpiration and evaporation
what processes carry blue water?
precipitation and infiltration
Why do we build dams?
To store water and to slow movement to oceans
How do Hadley Cells work?
system of rising and falling air. moist air releases moisture as it rises, and dry air absorbs moisture as it falls.
How have we impacted the water cycle (four categories)?
- changes to Earth’s surface 2. changes to Earth’s climate 3. atmospheric pollution 4. withdrawals for human use
how do air currents affect precipitation?
rising air cools and condenses causing precipitation. Descending air warms, evaporation increases and dryness results. A cold front forces warm, moist air in the area to rise.
How do changes to infiltration-runoff ratios affect the hydrologic cycle?
it takes aquifers longer to recharge if there is less infiltration/more evaporation.
What are some impacts of dams?
Uses a lot of electricity/species separated/lower fish populations/more earthquakes/saltwater intrusion/more evaporation/no groundwater recharge
what is a rain shadow and what forms them?
when moisture-filled trade winds encounter a mountain range, air is deflected and rises. Precipitation occurs on the windward side. Deserts occur on the leeward side. The rain shadow is the dry region on the leeward side.
About the hydrologic cycle
Evaporation and transpiration=water rises to the atmosphere/condensation and precipitation=water returns to the land and oceans.
what is the infiltration-runoff ratio?
The amount of water that infiltrates compared with the amount that runs off.
Where is most water on the planet found?
In the oceans and seas (97.5%)
What is the difference from green and blue water?
green water is water in vapor form, blue water is water in liquid form
Where is most freshwater found?
Polar ice caps and glaciers
