Exam 2 Chap 7 Flashcards
MIC
encompasses health of women of childbearing age from pre-pregnancy through pregnancy, labor and delivery, and the postpartum period, and health of the child prior to birth through adolescence.
families
primary unit in which infants and children are nurtured and supported regarding healthy development.
US census bureau definition of family
a group of two people or more related by birth, marriage, or adoption and residing together.
single parent families
adverse birth outcomes, low birth weight, higher mortality, more likely to live in poverty.
unmarried mothers
lower education, incomes, and greater dependance on wellfare.
teenage births
1/3 of teen girls will get pregnant before 20, they are more likely to drop out, not get married or get divorced, live in poverty, and have pregnancy complications.
unintended pregnancy
mistimed or unwanted, 1/2 pregnancies are unplanned and 40% of those end in abortion, associated with negative health behaviors such as delayed prenatal care, inadequate weight gain, and smoking or drinking.
family planning
process of determining the preferred number and spacing of children and choosing the appropriate means to accomplish it.
Title X
Family Planning Act, federal program that provides funds for family planning services for low-income people, over 5 million women receive care at clinics.
Abortion
1973 Supreme Court case Roe vs. Wade says that it is unconstitutional for states to prohibit abortions.
maternal health
health of women in childbearing years, including those in the pre-pregnancy period, those who are caring for young children.
maternal mortality
death of a woman whlie pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management.
prenatal health care
medical care from time of conception until birth process, and has three major components: risk assessments, treatment of medical conditions, and education.
infant health
mothers level of prenatal care, quality of delivery, environment after birth, nutrition, immunizations.
infant mortality
daeth of a child <1 year of age, and a measure of a nations health
decline in US infant mortality
improved disease sureillance, advanced clinical care, improved access to health care, better nutrition, increased education
leading causes of mortality
congenital abnormalities, preterm/low birth weight, SIDS, problems related to complications of pregnancy, and respiratory distress syndrome.
Improving infant health
reducing smoking during pregnancy, eliminating maternal alcohol use, increase breastfeeding rates, and placing babies on their back to sleep
childhood mortality
rates have declined in past decades, unintentional injuries cause of death in children
childhood morbidity
unintentional injuries, physical activity and nutrition, child maltreatment, and infectious diseases.
community programs
federal government has over 35 programs in 16 different agencies to serve needs of nations children
Title V
only federal legislation dedicated to promoting and improving health of mothers and children
Maternal and Child Health Bureau
established in 1990 to administer Title V funding, accomplishes goals to achieve: infrastructure building, population-based, enablinng, and direct health care services.
WIC
special supplemental food program for women, infants, and children sponsored by the USDA; established in 1974, and must have residency in application state, meet income requirements, at nutritional risk.
medicaid
low-income individuals and families, children are slightly more than half of all medicaid beneficiaries.
CHIP
uninsured children whose families don’t qualify for Medicaid.
Family and Medical Leave Act
grants 12 weeks unpaid job projected leave to men or women after birth of child, adoption, or illness in immediate family
Family Support Act
provide funds for child care for poor families
Children advocates
Children’s defense fund, United Nations childrens fund, american academy of pediatrics.
