EXAM #2 CH.6

Question 1

Name the 3 procedures for the capacity to retain information. Give 3 examples from lecture.

Answer 1

1. Encoding- Reading material before lecture
2. Storage- Lecture, making connections to reading.
3. Retrieval- Drawing out info from reading and lecture.

Question 2

How long does sensory memory last?

Answer 2

3-4 seconds

Question 3

What are 3 types of sensory memory?

Answer 3

1. Iconic- Visual
2. Echoic- Auditory
3. Eidetic- Photographic, (only children)

Question 4

What term is used for breaking down information?

Answer 4

Chunking- i.e. Car repair or magic 7

Question 5

What comprises the three-stage model of memory?

Answer 5

1. Sensory
2. Short-term
3. Long-Term

Question 6

During a multiple choice exam, what part of the memory “process” is being used?

Answer 6

Retrieval

Question 7

When you find a meaningful association for a memory, what is it called?

Answer 7

Elaborative Rehearsal

Question 8

Describe the types of declarative memory.

Answer 8

1. Semantic- memory of facts (general info)

2. Episodic-Personal Experience

Question 9

What is an example of semantic memory?

Answer 9

The capitol of CA is Sacramento. (general info about the world).

Question 10

Give an example of an episodic memory.

Answer 10

I remember my first kiss, graduating high school, (personal).

Question 11

Retrospective memory

Answer 11

Memory of past experiences, or acquired information . i.e. ( i’ve been to Sacramento)

Question 12

Prospective memory

Answer 12

Memory of things one plans to do in the future.

i.e. “ what am I going to do over spring break?

Question 13

Describe Procedural Memory, give an example.

Answer 13

The memory of how to do things that require motor skills. “knowing how”

Baking cookies, remembering how to get around Sacramento.

Question 14

What is a schema?

Answer 14

To Piaget, a mental framework for understanding or acting on the environment.

Question 15

Give an example of a gender schema.

Answer 15

Sadie Hawkins: 1950’s v.s. 2019. Or women asking men on dates.

Question 16

Flashbulb memory

Answer 16

Major novel events i.e. Where were you when 9/11 happened? PTSD,
A memory maintained with no effort.

Question 17

Eyewitness testimony studied by Elizabeth Loftus is considered flawed. Why?

Answer 17

The Misinformation Effect:

A form of memory distortion caused by leading questions or misinformation.

Question 18

What is the Interference Theory?

Answer 18

The belief that forgetting is the result of the interference of memories with each other.

Question 19

Name the two types of interference.

Answer 19

Retroactive: New information interferes with the retention of materials learned earlier.
(i.e. new psychology material learned, interrupted by philosophy later)

Proactive: Philosophy learned, interrupting psychology exam.

Question 20

Repression as described in lecture

Answer 20

Pushing out “awareness”

Question 21

Distributed Practice

Answer 21

Studying 2 hours a day, 2 weeks before test.

Question 22

Massed Practice

Answer 22

Studying 10 hours the night before test

Question 23

Sequence Positioning

Answer 23

Primary/ Recency:

7+(-2)= 5 to 9 items in serial position

Question 24

What is the main function of the Hippocampus?

Answer 24

Memory: A hippo with a good memory on campus.

Question 25

Retrograde Amnesia

Answer 25

Memory loss of past events: Football accidents, drinking too much.

Question 26

Anterograde Amnesia

Answer 26

Loss of ability to form new memories: i.e.Alzheimers

Question 27

Neuroplasticity

Answer 27

Long-Term potentiation thinking or adaption to behavior. Pliable, ability to change. i.e. PTSD, drugs, dependence, tolerance.

Question 28

Dissociative Amnesia

Answer 28

Psychological cause: i.e. trauma =lost memory.

Question 29

PTSD and memory

Answer 29

Hyperaware of traumatic memory