Exam 2 - cardiac Flashcards
Most common heart defect
ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Pressure gradients of the heart:
__rt/left__ side of the heart is lower than the __rt/lft__ side
resistance in pulm/sys circulation is less than that in pulm/sys circulation
right side of the heart is lower than the left side
resistance in pulmonary circulation is less than that in systemic circulation
Increased pulmonary blood flow defects
ASD
VSD
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
Aorta connected to the right ventricle instead of the left; pulmonary artery connected to the left ventricle instead of the right
Transposition of the Great Vessels (TGV)
A hole in the septum between the right and left ventricle
VSD
Normal fetal circulation conduit between the pulmonary artery and the aorta that fails to close
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
A hole in the septum between the right and left atria
ASD
A narrowing of the pulmonary valve or pulmonary artery
Pulmonary stenosis
A narrowing at, above, or below the aortic valve
Aortic stenosis
Complete closure of the tricuspid valve
Tricuspid Atresia
Consists of four anomalies: Pulmonary stenosis Ventricular septal defect Overriding aorta Right ventricular hypertrophy
Tertalogy of Fallot
A narrowing of the lumen of the aorta usually at or near the ductus arteriosus
Coarctication of the aorta
Decreased pulmonary blood flow defects
Tertalogy of fallot
Tricuspid atresia
Blue hypercyanotic episodes
most common symptom of tetralogy of fallot
tet spells
obstructive defects
coarctation of the aorta
aortic stenosis
pulmonic stenosis
acyanotic conditions
increased pulmonary blood flow
- ASD, VSD, PDA
Obstruction to blood flow from ventricles
- coarctation of aorta, aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis
cyanotic conditions
decreased pulmonary blood flow
- tetralogy of fallot, tricuspid atresia
mixed blood flow
- transposition of great arteries, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, hypotonic left heart syndrome
