exam 2 BSC 2010 spielbauer Flashcards
inheritance
traits passed from parents to offspring
blending inheritance
theory that genes of a child are a mix of the the parents
particulate inheritance
there are specific genes (parts) that are passed down from each parent, not just a mix of them
gregor mendel
father of genetics, did pea plant experiements, discovered particulate inheritance
cross-fertilization
fertilizing one plant with another plant
self-fertilization
fertalizing a plant with itself
character
observable physical features
trait
forms of characters (wrinkled vs smooth seeds)
true-breeding variety
always same color flower when crossed, same traits as parents
reciprocal cross
each plant recieves and donates pollen between each other
monohybrid cross
true breeding purple x true breeding white -> f1 -> selfed -> f2
P Generation
The parent generation, the originals
F1 generation
the first filial (child) generation
F2 Generation
the children of the F1, second filial generation
Gene
discrete particulate factors
Locus
place where DNA is
Allele
diff versions of the same gene
Genotype
what their genes are, ex AA or aa
Phenotype
How that gene is expressed, ex wrinkled or smooth
Dominant vs Recessive Allelle
Dominant is expressed over recessive
Law of Segreation
Allelles are segregated equally in gametes
Genotypic ratio
how their alleles were in relation (1:2:1)
Phenotypic ratio
how their appearance was in relation (3:1)
Test Cross
plant dominant phenotype (A-) is crossed with homo recessive (aa)