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BacT > exam 2 - bootyaaayyy > Flashcards

exam 2 - bootyaaayyy Flashcards

1
Q

areabetterindicatorofhealthriskinsaltandfreshwater and can be used for detecting source contamination since they are very species specific

A

Enterococci

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2
Q

best recipe for cooking rabbit

A

definitely an exam question.

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3
Q

e.coli sterotype

A

O: 26 K: 60 F: 41 H: 11

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4
Q

T/F

animals have shigella

A

FALSE

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5
Q

Shigella spp.aretaxonomicallyalso what?

A

Escherichia

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6
Q

what are the cell associated virulence factors of e.coli

A

endotoxin
capsule
fimbrial adhesions
non fimbrial adhesions

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7
Q

extracellular virulence factors of e.coli

A

enterotoxins
cytotoxins
siderophores

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8
Q

what does e.coli cause in pigs

A

diarrhea
UTI
edema
MMA

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9
Q

causes watery diarrhea in piglets that are either neonatal, 2-4 weeks old, or weaning

A

ETEC

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10
Q

where are the adhesion factor receptors located for ETEC

A

in the small intestine

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11
Q

what are the adhesion factors of ETEC

A

F4(K88);F5(K99);F6(987P);F18;F41

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12
Q

where are the enterotoxins of ETEC located

A

on the plasmids

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13
Q

what is the heat liable enterotoxin of ETEC

A

LT

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14
Q

what are the heat stable enterotoxins of ETEC

A

Sta,STb,EAST1

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15
Q

an ETEC adhesion factor that is solely in neonatal pigs, and it is only expressed at body temperature

A

F4 (K88)

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16
Q

an ETEC adhesion factor that is in both bovines and swine, it is temperature dependent and involved in neonatal diarrheas

A

F5 (K99)

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17
Q

ETEC adhesion factor that is extrachromosomal and in neonatal pigs

A

F6(987P)

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18
Q

chromosomal ETEC adhesion factor that is rare but commonly found along with F5

A

F41

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19
Q

the ETEC adhesion factor that is involved with edema disease

A

F18

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20
Q

Non‐fimbrialadhesins of ETEC

A

AIDA‐I(adhesininvolvedindiffuseadherence)

in the small intestine

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21
Q

how would you inactive LT enterotoxin

A

Inactivated30minutes60ᵒC

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22
Q

T/F

LT has a low molecular weight

A

FALSE – high

**it is also a strong antigen wow

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23
Q

LT increases / decreases cAMP

A

INCREASES – it activates the adenylate cyclase

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24
Q

describe what happens to the Na+ and Cl‐ andHCO3+ with enterotoxin LT

A

Na absorption goes DOWN

Cl‐ andHCO3+ secretion goes UP

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25
Q

heat stable ETEC enterotoxin that causes activationofguanylatecyclasesystem

A

STa

**also causes sodium absorption to decrease and cl/hco to increase secretion

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26
Q

heat stable ETEC enterotoxin that causes prostaglandin E2 to go up and secretes water and electrolytes

A

STb

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27
Q

Stimulationof5‐hydrotryptaminesecretion is done by what heat stable enterotoxin of ETEC

A

STb

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28
Q

enteroaggregativeE.coliheatstabletoxin

A

EAST1 – closely related to STa

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29
Q

T/F

the ETEC virulence factors have agedependentimportance

A

TRUE

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30
Q

Which of these are hemolytic and which are non-hemolytic:

  1. neonatal ETEC
  2. neonatal til 4 weeks old ETEC
  3. weaning diarrhea
A

only neonatal is non-hemolytic the other two are hemolytic

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31
Q

which virulence factor enterotoxins does neonatal ETEC not contain

A

LT

EAST1

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32
Q

where does ETEC live in pigs

A

the intestines of healthy sows

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33
Q

what is the “equilibrium” of ETEC

A

Equilibriumbetweenmaternalimmunityandinfectionpressure

a break in this = disease :(

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34
Q

pathogenesis of ETEC

A
  • Ascendingfromlowerbowel
  • Oraluptake
  • Smallintestine
  • colonization
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35
Q

my piglet is drinking a lot of water but he has some really smelly poopy and its kinda watery. why

A

ETEC duh

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36
Q

in older pigs, what does the diarrhea of ETEC look like

A

more white/grey

less watery

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37
Q

how can you diagnose ETEC in piggys

A

Detectionofvirulencefactors
Agglutinationtests
PCR

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38
Q

how do you treat piglets with ETEC

A

Hydration(SC,IP)(PO,electrolytesolutionplusglucosesandaminoacids)

Antimicrobials(susceptibilityprofile!)

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39
Q

what do you do to prevent the ETEC

A

keepinfectionpressurelowandmaternalimmunityhigh

hygiene !
vax sows - LT
vax piglets - F4
select receptor free pigs

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40
Q

if you have a mixed ETEC and VTEC??

A

edema disease and watery diarrhea

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41
Q

edema disease in post weaning piglets

A

VTEC

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42
Q

what is the adhesion factor for VTEC and where is it located

A

F18

  • *in small bowel
    • specific receptor
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43
Q

T/F

if the receptor for F18 of VTEC is missing it will still adhere and stuff will make you sick

A

no it needs a specific receptor and there will be genetic resistance if it is absent

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44
Q

what are the two exotoxins that cause media necrosis in VTEC

A

VT2eorStx2e:

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45
Q

what age will F18 of VTEC start causing adhesion

A

10 days and on

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46
Q

T/F

the endotoxin of VTEC will cause acute mortality

A

TRUE – and shock

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47
Q

how is VTEC transmitted

A

sow to piglet

also weaning stress will cause a change in the intestinal floral – piglets will start to excrete it and infection pressure will go up contaminating other piglets

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48
Q

hyper acute toxin production of VTEC

A

called enterorrhagia – media necrosis

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49
Q

toxin production level of VTEC that causes permeabilitybloodvesselsoedema(CentralNervousSymptoms&dyspnea)

A

ACUTE

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50
Q

T/F

slower toxin production of VTEC will cause extravascular coagulation

A

FALSE – intravascular coagulation

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51
Q

when will you start seeing VTEC symptoms

A

older than 3 weeks old

*multiple piglets will be affected

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52
Q

clinical signs of VTEC

A
  • Acutemortality(some)
  • Diarrhea(some)
  • Anorexia
  • edema
  • Hoarsevoice
  • Centralnervoussymptoms(CNS)
  • Dyspnea
  • Eyelidsswollen
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53
Q

how to treat animals affected by VTEC

A

Fasting(eliminationoftoxin)
• (increaseofintestinalperistaltic)
• Antimicrobialtherapy

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54
Q

how can VTEC be prevented in pigs

A

lower stress
starter feed before weaning
probiotics to help intestinal flora
select F18 receptor neg animals

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55
Q

rare e.coli and causes diarrhea in pigs at weaning

A

EPEC

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56
Q

what gene do you isolate and use in PCR for diagnosis of EPEC

A

eae (intimin)gene

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57
Q

what is involved in the initial attachment for EPEC

A

BFP - bundle forming pili

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58
Q

by approx what age does intestinal e.coli in piglets seem to end

A

6 weeks

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59
Q

MostimportantpathogeninUTIinpigs(andothermammals)

A

E COLI

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60
Q

symptoms of UTI in pigs

A

Anorexia
Hematuria
Vaginalexudate
Generalmalaise(sometimes)

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61
Q

treatment of UTI in pigs

A

either culling or about 3 weeks of antibiotics

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62
Q

T/F

MMA and PPDS are both diseases in pigs caused by streptococcus

A

FALSE – caused be E COLI

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63
Q

what does MMA stand for

A

Metritis‐mastitis‐agalactiae

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64
Q

what does PPDS stand for

A

PostPartumDysgalactiaeSyndrome

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65
Q

other causes of MMA and PPDS besides E.COLI

A

hereditary
hormonal
feed

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66
Q

T/F

septicemia is normally a primary disease followed by enteric infection

A

FALSE – it is rarely primary and it is secondary to enteric infections

**pigs get this one from E.coli too wow

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67
Q

E.coli disease in bovine of less than 3 days old (neonates)

A

ETEC

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68
Q

e.coli diseases in bovine of older than a week old

A

EPECandEHEC

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69
Q

what does ETEC cause in cows

A

watery diarrhea and dehydration

NEONATES

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70
Q

what are the fimbriae virulence factors of ETEC in bovine

A

Fimbriae
• F5(mostcommon)
• F41(freqtogetherwithF5)
• F17(roleisnotclear)

• CS31A(relatedtoF4 and Freqinrelationtodiarrheainolderanimals

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71
Q

what are the toxin virulence factors of ETEC in bovine

A

Sta andStb

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72
Q

pathogenesis of ETEC in BOVINE

A
  • Oraluptake
  • Multiplication
  • Enterotoxinproduction
  • (Secondarysepticaemiae)

Equilibriumbetweenimmunityandinfectionpressure
**need colostrum!!!

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73
Q

how would you diagnose ETEC in bovine

A

ELISA

Agglutination and PCR

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74
Q

how could you do ETEC therapy treatment for COWS

A

separate sick animals
hydration
antibiotics
NSAIDS – for shock

*on milking farms separate calves from mom for hygiene and vax moms and get the colostrum to the baby

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75
Q

T/F

EHEC is zoonotic

A

TRUE

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76
Q

EHECandEPEC in bovine are mainly where in the body

A

large intestine

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77
Q

EHECandEPEC affect what age of cows and what does it cause

A

ages 1-8 weeks old

Mucoiddiarrhea+/‐ blood

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78
Q

prevention of mastitis by ecoli

A

hygiene

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79
Q

treatment of mastitis by ecoli

A

systemic antibiotics

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80
Q

list the virulence factors of mastitis by ecoli

A

NONE KNOWN HAHAH

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81
Q

what is the other name for septicemia by ecoli in bovines

A

ExPEC: NTEC

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82
Q

NTEC in bovine is a facultative pathogen?

A

YES

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83
Q

virulence factors of NTEC

A
  • Serumresistance
  • Ironuptakesystems
  • Endotoxin
  • Capsule
  • Adhesionfactors(P,F17,AfaE‐VIII,CS31A)
  • CNF1,CNF2toxins
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84
Q

prevention of septicemia in bovines

A

colostrum

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85
Q

what do you look for in the serum for diagnosing NTEC in bovine

A

low gamma globulins

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86
Q

T/F

you can give gamma globulins from older animals to young animals as a therapy method for NTEC septicemia in bovine

A

TRUE

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87
Q

Mostimportantbacterialdiseaseinbroilersandlayers

A

APEC

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88
Q

most frequent serotypes in birds and poultry

A

O1,O2,O78

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89
Q

how does e.coli disease in poultry and birds appear clinically

A

Clinicalappearances:
• Neonatal colibacillosis (septicaemia)
• Respiratory colibacillosis&septicaemiae
• Peritonitis (layers)
• Scabbyhip/necroticdermatitis(broilers)

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90
Q

what do the oldbackyardchickens get from e.coli disease

A

Coligranuloma

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91
Q

in e.coli disease in birds, Otitismediais part of what?

A

swollenheadsyndrome

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92
Q

how do birds get neonatal colibacillosis

A

egg shell contamination
neonatal contamination
manipulation of the chicks

** all lead to yolk rest infection - omphalitis –
causes sepsis and death or growth retardation

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93
Q

how do birds get Respiratorycolibacillosis

A

it is excreted in the feces and inhaled or there is damaged epithelium in the respiratory tract

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94
Q

T/F

Peritonitisis commonly seen in turkeys

A

FALSE – layer chickens

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95
Q

an endogenic infection that layers get at the start of a lay and it can be a chronic form in older birds

A

peritonitis

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96
Q

omphalitis

A

yolk rest infection

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97
Q

T/F

it is really easy to treat e.coli in birds

A

FALSE

98
Q

what are some preventative methods for e.coli in poultry and birds

A

hygiene
low stress
vaccines
temp control

99
Q

which type of birds commonly get scabby hip/necrotic dermatitis

A

BROILERS

100
Q

when do you find the necrotic dermatitis on the broilers

A

at slaughter

101
Q

what are the O stereotypes of necrotic dermatitis in broilers

A

E.coliO78,O2

102
Q

how would you prevent broilers from getting the Ecoli APEC – necrotic dermatitis

A

lower the density of birds

103
Q

E.coli disease in rabbits

A

RPEC

104
Q

T/F

E.coli in Rabbits is eae negative

A

FALSE – eae positive (EPEC)

105
Q

T/F

Salmonella cant survive in the environment

A

FALSE – it is quite resistant especially when in feces or a dry environment

106
Q

T/F

salmonella is an obligate symbiont and also a facultative intracellular pathogen

A

TRUE

107
Q

these are the main two strains of salmonella in bovine

A

S.TyphimuriumandS. Dublin

108
Q

might cause abortion and subclinical mastitis in adult cattle along with some diarrhea

A

Salmonella Dublin

109
Q

how would you diagnose salmonella on a living cow

A
  • Fecalmaterial
  • Milk(incaseofsubclinicalmastitis)
  • Respiratory:BAL
  • Arthritis:puncture
  • Abortion:fetus,placenta,vagina
110
Q

Salmonella in pigs, name of the Typhoid one

A

S. Choleraesuis

111
Q

T/F

Salmonella inpsittaciformes is very rare

A

TRUE

112
Q

salmonella passeriformes: S. Typhimurium

this is found where?

A

in birdhouses

** because of stress/ overcrowding/ inappropriate feeding and cold or humidity

113
Q

salmonella passeriformes symptoms?

A

Symptoms:DD.rodentiosis (Yersiniapseudotuberculosis)
• Apathic,feedandwaterintake
• Chronic
• Diarrhea(mostofthetime)

114
Q

this is a reportable salmonella disease in poultry

A

S. Pullorum/Gallinarum

115
Q

also called fowl typhoid

A

S.Gallinarum

116
Q

what is the zoonotic species of salmonella you might get if you eat a bad egg

A

S. Enteriditis

117
Q

what is klebsiella susceptible to?

A

Susceptibletoamoxy+clav

118
Q

T/F

Klebsiella is easy to treat

A

FALSE – difficult

119
Q

Fish pathogen of Yersinia

A

Y.ruckeri

120
Q

what temperature does Yersinia replicate at

A

Replicatesat4 C

121
Q

omg its the bubonic plague!!! what causes this terrible event in history

A

Yersiniapestis

122
Q

where the heck did Yersiniapestis come from

A

fleas of wild rodents man

123
Q

who studied the black plague in london

A

JohnGraunt (1620–1674)

124
Q

what makes a disease weaponized

A

high pathogenicity

ex: Black Death – Y. Pestitis

125
Q

where are most of the virulence factors of Y. pestitis located

A

the plasmids

126
Q

list the virulence factors of Y. Pestitis

A
  • Capsule
  • Toxins(manydifferent)
  • Ironacquisition
127
Q

reservoir of Y. Pestitis

A

Tolerantrodents

128
Q

sypmtoms of Y. Pestitis in cats

A
  • Fever,depression,sneezing,coughing,CNSdisturbances
  • Lymphadenitis,tonsillitis,cranialandcervicaledema,pneumonia
  • Mortality
129
Q

T/F

Yersiniapseudotuberculosis is zoonotic

A

TRUE

130
Q

Yersiniapseudotuberculosis virulence factors

A
  • Cellwall:endotoxin
  • Adhesins;AdhesiononbasolateralilealepithelialcellsandMcells
  • Toxins(onplasmids)
  • IronUptake(onPathogenicityIslands)
131
Q

MajorpathogeninPasseriformes

A

Yersiniapseudotuberculosis

**called “fatliverdisease” and “rodentiosis”

132
Q

Differential diagnoses for Yersiniapseudotuberculosis in passeriformes

A

Salmonella

Mycobacteria

133
Q

swarming bacterium

A

proteus

134
Q

T/F

proteus is an obligate symbiont

A

FALSE – facultative symbiont

135
Q

where will you mainly find pseudomonas

A

waters

136
Q

T/F

most pseudomonas are saphrophytic

A

TRUE

137
Q

grows in large colonies that smell like candy

A

P. aeruginosa

138
Q

T/F

P. aeruginosa is oxidase positive and lactose negative

A

TRUE

139
Q

T/F

P. aeruginosa infects warm blooded animals

A

FALSE - cold blooded

140
Q

P. aeruginosa causes secondary infections in…

A

birds and mammals

141
Q

in high humidity environments this could cause fleece rot in sheep

A

P. aeruginosa

142
Q

what species will get MOIST dermatitis from P. aeruginosa

A

rabbits **need high use of disinfectant

143
Q

secondary to prolonged antimicrobial treatment and caused by contaminated semen in horses

A

Metritis-vaginitis

**P. aeruginosa

144
Q

Secondary infection following topical treatment with corticosteroids antibiotic mixtures in horses

A

keratitis conjuctivitis

**P. aeruginosa

145
Q

secondary to poor housing, P. aeruginosa can cause what in reptiles

A

Necrotic stomatitis
Pneumonia
septicemia

146
Q

how would a parrot get P. aeruginosa

A

drinking water – secondary infection

147
Q

where does P. aeruginosa live in Galliformes

A

in the oviduct of turkeys

**causes contaminated eggs – neonatal mortality

148
Q

how do you treat P. aeruginosa infection

A

TAKE AWAY cause of infection

149
Q

T/F

with treatment, P. aeruginosa infections heal

A

FALSE – most animals will die unless its an ear infection

150
Q

what are some antibiotics you can use to treat P. aeruginosa

A

Anti-pseudomonas β-lactams
• Fluoroquinolones
• Aminoglycosides
• Ear: local application of polymixin/colistin

151
Q

T/F

Burkholderia is catalase negative

A

FALSE – positive

152
Q

also called glanders

A

Burkholderia mallei

153
Q

what species does Burkholderia mallei infect

A

HORSE

154
Q

what species does glanders infect

A

Horses

155
Q

what biosecurity level is Burkholderia mallei

A

3

156
Q

T/F

Burkholderia mallei is a reportable disease

A

TRUE `

157
Q

what are the virulence factors of Burkholderia mallei

A

capsule and LSP endotoxin

**non-specific

158
Q

my horse has a fever and a runny nose ??

A

Burkholderia mallei

159
Q

what is the official test for glanders

A

CFT in horses – can have false positives

160
Q

how does an intradermal test work

A

its a mallein test for Type IV hypersensitivity and the cellular response

161
Q

when should you give the vaccine for Burkholderia mallei

A

THERE IS NOT VACCINE

162
Q

Endosymbiont of environmental amoeba

A

Burkholderia pseudomallei

163
Q

also called melioidosis

A

Burkholderia pseudomallei

164
Q

very important in military dogs

A

Burkholderia pseudomallei

165
Q

what medium would you culture Burkholderia pseudomallei on

A

blood agar or McConkey

166
Q

how to grow Francisella

A 
it is very fastidious 
• Rich media such as Chocolate agar or Thayer-Martin	
• Supplementary cysteine
• CO2
• 37 C
• 2 days
167
Q

F. tularensis subsp. tularensis is located where

A

north america

168
Q

F. tularensis subsp. holarctica is located where

A

Europe

169
Q

F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica is located where

A

central Asia

170
Q

Francisella tularensis organs mainly affected

A

liver
lungs
spleen

171
Q

Francisella tularensis BSL ?

A

3

172
Q

Taylorella equigenitalis has what kind of environmental resistance

A

POOR - 2 days max in the fridge

173
Q

equine STD in the repro tract exclusively

A

Taylorella equigenitalis

174
Q

what 3 samples should you take from a stallion for Taylorella equigenitalis

A
  1. prepuce
  2. urethra
  3. fossa glandis/sinus urethralis
175
Q

what two samples should you take from a mare for Taylorella equigenitalis

A
  1. fossa clitoridis

2. sinus clitoridis

176
Q

Taylorella equigenitalis vaccinations

A

bacterins reduce severity but do not prevent infection

177
Q

principal cause of human brucellosis

A

B. melitensis

178
Q

brucella abortus incubation period

A

1-6 weeks

there are no symptoms as it spreads because it is an intracellular pathogen inside the macrophages

179
Q

what are 2 virulence factors that B. abortus does not have

A

capsule

flagella - genectically deficient

180
Q

do smooth or rough colonies of B. abortus have hight virulence

A

SMOOTH – zoonotic

181
Q

why are rough colonies of b. abortus less virulent

A

Lacking the O-polysaccharide

182
Q

in the cell wall of B. abortus and is Responsible for preferential location

A

Erythritol

183
Q

when do facultative intracellular bacteria spread

A

only when antibodies are present

**when cellular immunity is not capable of killing all intracellular bacteria

184
Q

**when cellular immunity is not capable of killing all intracellular bacteria

A

carrier

185
Q

rapid slide-type agglutination assay, stained B. abortus suspension and plain serum

A

Rose Bengal Test

186
Q

T/F

the brucellergen skin test is an OIE recommended test and is widely used in herds

A

FALSE - not widely used or recommended

187
Q

there is a major interference with B. abortus testing when what is present

A

Yersinia enterocolitica O9

**B. suis can also give false positives

188
Q

resistant in the environment but does not surive direct sunlight

A

b. suis

189
Q

reservoir of B. suis

A

wild boar

190
Q

what biovars are the most pathogenic in pigs for brucella suis

A
  1. reservoir in hares
  2. reservoir in hares
  3. reservoir in pigs
191
Q

T/F

swine can be infected with B. abortus, B. melitensis, B. canis but these infections do not result in clinical symptoms

A

TRUE

192
Q

T/F

brucella suis has been weaponized

A

TRUE

193
Q

where is B. melitensis and B. ovis mainly found

A

Mainly in subtropical and Mediterranean countries (Malta fever)

194
Q

kennel cough in dogs

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica

195
Q

atrophic rhinitis in pigs

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica

196
Q

adenylatecyclasetoxin

A

hemolysin

**toxin of Bordetella bronchiseptica

197
Q

toxin that causes skin necrosis upon injection and damages nasal tissue and osteoblasts

A

Dermonecrotictoxin

198
Q

Toxicforosteoblasts

A

osteo toxin

199
Q

Purulentbronchiolitisandalveolitis and pneumonia in young pigs

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica — Pneumonic bordetellosis

200
Q

Bordetella bronchiseptica + Pasteurellamultocida in pigs

A

progressive atrophic rhinitis

201
Q

what antibiotics should you use for kennel cough.. which should you not?

A

use tetracyclines

dont use cephalosporins

202
Q

B.bronchisepticainhorses

A

seldom

similar to dogs and cats

203
Q

B.bronchisepticainhorses treatment

A

prevention of dust
3 weeks of rest for full recovery
no inhalation of spores or fungi

204
Q

in sheep that are 5-12 months old and causes septicemia due to stress and changes in feed

A

Bibersteinia trehalosi

205
Q

The O antigen comes from the

A

LPS

206
Q

You have a neonatal calves with ETEC (f5, sta,stb). What can you do to reduce it

A

C section outside and start a vaccine program

207
Q

T/F

S. Pallorum is zoonotic

A

FALSE

208
Q

E.Coli 078

A

poultry respiratory infection

209
Q

What is the treatment for Turkeys with S. enterica spp. Arizonae

A

eradicate the flock

210
Q

How do you serotype salmonella

A

O, flagella, and capsule

211
Q

Is Avian salmonella endogenous, exogenous, or both

A

BOTH

212
Q

Can piglets be carriers for E.Coli

A

yes

213
Q

Which is the most virulent Francisella Tularensis

A

Tularensis spp. Tularensis

214
Q

What age of pigs get diarrhea

A

noenates and weanling

215
Q

what age of bovine get ETEC

A

less than 3 days

216
Q

Where do sample for contagious equine metritis

A

Preputium, urethra, fossa glandis, sinus fossa

217
Q

What should you never use with klebsiella

A

amoxicillin

218
Q

T/F

pseudomonas are enterobacteriaciae

A

FALSE

219
Q

What is the problem with proteus in the lab

A

It is a swarming bacteria and it overgrows samples

220
Q

what causes bacterial bronchopneumonia in a calves

A

mannheimia hemolytica

221
Q

T/F

Host adapted/host restricted and non-specific causes zoonoses

A

TRUE

222
Q

Yersinia is most common in what months

A

warm ones

223
Q

Which is the primary test for brucella

A

AB test

224
Q

T/F

Bordetella causes productive cough

A

FALSE

225
Q

Why is it hard to kill pseudomonas

A

biofims

226
Q

Bordetella kennel situation. What do you do

A

Talk about hygiene , Vaccine program and antibiotics for secondary infections

227
Q

are heat liable or heat stable enterotoxins more antigenic

A

liable

228
Q

adhesion factor F4 is only associated with what animal

A

PIG

229
Q

Which of the following adhesion factors is associated with edema disease in swine

A

F18

230
Q

T/F

You are likely to see edema disease in a 5 day old piglet

A

FALSE (3 weeks post weaning)

231
Q

E.coli associated with the “eae” intimin gene in pigs

A

EPEC

232
Q

factor most likely to be used in an E.coli vaccination

A

LT

233
Q

A farmer calls you explaining that his one day old calf is having diarrhea. Which pathotype is on the top of your differentials

A

ETEC

234
Q

Which strain of Salmonella can be found in calves

A

S. Dublin

235
Q

diagnose progressive atrophic rhinitis

A

deep nasal swab

236
Q

A bunny presents to your clinic for a head tilt, bronchopneumonia, and sneezing. Which of the following drugs do you use to treat it?

A

tetracycline

237
Q

virulence factor important in ecoli in puppies

A

CNF1

238
Q

S. Typhimurium var Copenhagen inactivated vaccine function

A

this is a salmonella bact of PIGEONS

the inactivated vax will reduce the severity but will not prevent disease

239
Q

T/F

Klebsiella is common to find in dogs

A

FALSE - rare

240
Q

why is klebsiella so difficult to treat

A

high level of acquired resistance
natural resistance to amoxy/ampici

USE: amoxy/calv to treat

BacT (2 decks)

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