Exam 2 (Behavior, Chem. Restraint, Instruments) Flashcards
Ethology
Study of animal behavior in a natural setting
Anthropomorphism
Personification, attribution of human form or other characteristics to anything other than a human being
Types of Fear
Fear
Pain-Elicited
Dominance (female is alpha canine)
Territorial (normal)
Possessive (competition for resources)
Maternal
Protective
Predatory (normal)
Inter-Male/Female (common w/ intact)
Natural Chemical Phermone
Feliway (Feline)
Cheek phermone (F3)
Adaptil (Canine)
Mammary gland
Dog appeasing hormone
Pre-Visit Drugs: Acepromazine (Ace)
Yellow in color
Extreme relaxation
Oral and Injection
Pre-Visit Drugs: Trazadone
Oral only
Great relaxation without tiredness (turns brain off)
Pre-Visit Drugs: Gabapentin
Muscle relaxer
Dogs: Pain reliever
Cats: Relaxation (higher dose)
Intra-Hospital Sedation: Dexmedetomidine
Sedation and pain coverage
Injection
Long duration
Reversible, or let sleep off
Intra-Hospital Sedation: Opiods
Some sedation, pain coverage
Injection
Butorphanol, morphine, hydromorphone, fentanyl, oxymorphone, methadone
Reversible –> Naloxone
Intra-Hospital Sedation: Ketamine
Dissociative medication
Injection
Makes cats crazy
Intra-Hospital Sedation: Propofol
Produces unconsciousness
Induction, must have IV Milky white substance
(Alfaxan –> IM option)
Sevoflurane/Isoflorane
Produces unconsciousness
Inhalent
Bad side effects
Intravenous Catheters
Administer fluids to a patient
14 gauge- horses
18 gauge- medium to large dogs
20 gauge- small dogs or cats
22 gauge- small cats
24 gauge- neonates
IV: Over the Needle Catheter
Most common in cephalic vein
The catheter covers the outside of the needle
IV: Through the Needle Catheter
AKA jugular catheter
Has long flexible tube which is threaded through the needle
IV: Butterfly Catheter
Contains a needle attached to two wings
Used for blood draws and injections
SHORT TERM
Urinary Catheters
Used to collect urine sample, relieve pressure in the bladder, and infuse medications
Diameter is measured in French 1 Fr=1/3 mm –> the larger the number in Fr, the larger the diameter
UC: Polypropylene Catheter
Used to unblock CANINE patients
Rigid and plastic
SHORT TERM
UC: Red Rubber Catheter
Very flexible Can be used as a feeding tube or to deliver oxygen
Can be used on cats but we have better options
LONG TERM
UC: Foley Catheter
Very flexible with inflatable cuff TO HOLD IN PLACE
Has two ports on the other end
Used for CANINES
LONG TERM
UC: Tom Cat Catheter
Used to unblock TOM CATS with FUS, FLUTD, or blockage Short and stiff with wings
SHORT TERM
Always use first
UC: Slippery Sam
Used for MALE FELINES
Short and soft with holes around hub for suturing
LONG TERM
Drains
Flexible tubing used for draining wounds and abscesses
Can be used for a tourniquet
Fluid drains around the tube
Removed in 3-5 days
Drain: Jackson Pratt
A fenestrated tube placed into the wound (suck out fluid with negative pressure)
Drain: Modified JP
Use of a butterfly catheter
Applied fenestration
Cheaper and smaller
Trocar Catheter
A catheter covering a long traumatic stylet used to pull fluid or air from chest cavity
Used intra-op or under heavy sedation
Measured in French
Drip Sets
Tubing used to connect the fluid bags to the t-port
Drip Sets: Macro
Does NOT have a needle in the drip chamber
Used on animals MORE than 20 lbs
Allows bigger drops of fluid to be released
- 10 drops/ml
- 15 drops/ml
- 20 drops/ml
Drip Sets: Micro
Has a needle in the drip chamber
Used on animals LESS than 20 lbs
Allows smaller drops of fluid to be released
-60 drops/ml
Drip Sets: Soluset or Buretrol Set
Type of micro drip set that contains a large fluid chamber above the drip chamber
Used on small patients that require a specific amount of fluids
Also used to deliver medication without contamination
-60 drops/ml
T-Port
Tubing used between the catheter and drip set/extension
Has two ports, one attached to catheter for injections and one port for connecting fluids
Esophagostomy Feeding Tube
Felines with URI, hepatic lipidosis and/or anorexia
Slow feeding protocol, FLUSH with warm water pre/post feedings
*Clip and clean left side of neck
*ET Tube
**Establish a patent airway
**Deliver oxygen
**Ventilate
**Deliver anesthetic gas
Most have cuff on end : DOES NOT HOLD IN PLACE
- Prevent aspiration
- Prevent dilution of gas
- Prevent anesthetic gas from leaking
E-Collar
Must be 2 in. past the nose
Syringes
Most common sizes are 1,3,6,12,20,35,60 ml (cc)
Another name for 1 ml syringe = tuberculin (measure to 100th)
Available with different types of tips
Syringes: Insulin
Measured in units
Orange U100/ml
Red U40/ml
Needles
Needle diameters are measured in gauges Length is measured in inches Green 18 ga (cows, horses, or SQ fluids) Pink 20 ga (cows, horses, very large dogs) Blue 22 ga (cats, dogs) Red 25 ga (neonates) The bigger the number, the smaller the needle
