Exam 2 Airway Equipment: Part 1 (6/25/24) Flashcards
Face Mask uses:
- Allows gas administration to the patient from the breathing system without any apparatus in patients mouth
- Preoxygenation/denitrogenation
- Used in order to provide positive pressure through unprotected airway
True or False: Face masks are only used for induction
False:
May be used for entire anesthetic case (Ear procedures)
Pressure required for adequate seal when using a face mask:
20-25 cm H2O
Why might one be labeled as a “difficult mask ventilation”?
Male
Over 55
Beard
Edentulousness
OSA/snoring
BMI > 30
How can we overcome a difficult mask ventilation?
- Oral airway OR nasopharyngeal airway
- Two-handed technique
- Cut the beard
- Use a Tegaderm
Uses of an OPA?
- Lifts tongue and epiglottis away
- Decreases work of breathing during Spontaneous ventilation
When are OPA’s poorly tolerated by patients?
When they are awake
When is the apropriate time to remove the OPA?
When the patient can remove it themselves
Why might we decide not to use an OPA?
If the patient likes meth
Sizes of OPA’s are designated in ___
Millimeters
What is the best way to measure for correct OPA sizing?
Corner of mouth to the angle of the jaw or the earlobe
True or False:
Pharyngeal and Laryngeal reflexes must be paralyzed in order to insert an OPA?
False:
They only need to be DEPRESSED!
2 methods of OPA insertion per Dr. Ericksen
Tongue Depressor Method
4x4/Gauze Method
Procedures in which a Bite block are commonly used:
Endoscopy
Bronchoscopy
When is the best time to put a bite block in?
Either when they are awake and can understand the need for it or during the “propofol yawn”.
Nasopharyngeal Airways are preferred when the patient has:
- Loose teeth
- Oral Trauma
- Gingivitis
- Limited Mouth Opening
When are NPA’s contraindicated? (6)
- Basilar skull fracture
- Nasal deformity
- Hx of epistaxis (not 100% CI)
- Anti-Coagulants
- Pregnancy (very vascular)
- Coagulopathy
What prevents complete passage of an NPA through the airway?
A flange at the outer end of the NPA
NPA vs OPA:
Which of the two is MORE stimulating than the other?
OPA’s are more stimulating
Sizing Scale used for NPA’s:
Outer diameter is sized in French scale
Best way to measure the correct size of an NPA?
Bony mandible or nostril to the external auditory meatus
Airway complications that can arise with the use of an NPA: (6)
- Airway obstruction (incorrect placement)
- Ulceration of nose or tongue (prone, lateral position = don’t use)
- Dental/oral damage
- Laryngospasm
- Latex allergy (some older NPAs usually green in color)
- Retention/swallowing