Exam 2: Acid Base Flashcards
Acidosis
H+ accumulates in the intracellular fluid and potassium shifts out of the cells to the extracellular fluid causing hyperkalemia
Alkalosis
H+ in the intracellular fluid decreases and potassium shifts into the cells causing hypokalemia
NG suctioning at a high continuous rate?
Metabolic alkalosis
Excessive consumption of sodium bicarbonate?
Metabolic alkalosis
Asthma exacerbation with impending respiratory failure?
Respiratory alkalosis
In the presence of respiratory acidosis?
the kidneys compensate by excreting hydrogen and retaining bicarbonate
In the presence of metabolic acidosis?
the respiratory system compensates by increasing ventilation
In the presence of respiratory alkalosis?
the kidneys compensate by retaining hydrogen and excreting bicarbonate
In the presence of metabolic alkalosis?
the respiratory system compensates by decreasing ventillation
Metabolic Acidosis
- Overproduction of H+ Ions
- Excessive breakdown of fatty acids (DKA)
- Alcohol
- Renal Failure
- Over elimination of bicarbonate = Diarrhea
Metabolic Alkalosis
- Increase of base components
- Ingestion of antacids, sodium b
- Decrease of base components
- Prolonged vomiting
- Nasog
Respiratory Acidosis
- Under elimination of hydrogen ions ( CO2 retention leads to hydrogen retention )
- Resp depression
- Inadequate chest expansion
Respiratory Alkalosis
- Excessive loss of carbon dioxide
- Hyperventillation
- Mech vent
DKA
Uncontrolled hyperglycemia due to lack of insulin
- Ketone bodies
- Collect in blood –> metabolic acidosis
- Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
DKA Causes
- Infection ( UTI, sepsis ) #1
