Exam 2 Flashcards
What is the “most important tool in dentistry”?
Communication
Is providing information enough to change pt behavior?
NO
What % of med litigation cases cited communication as the primary cause?
68% to 70%
What are the two main roadblocks to good listening?
- office distractions
- bias
Always ask patients about previous _____
dental experiences
What are the three most common reasons people avoid the dentist?
1: Fear
2: cost
3: lack of providers
6 Predictors of Dental Anxiety (in order)
Alpacas Can Slurp A Giant Albino
- Attitude towards dentists
- Check-up Frequency
- Satisfaction with mouth
- Avg # filled surfaces
- Gender
- Annual Income
What are three good initial contact questions?
- How long since last dental visit?
- Past treatment? Talk about it.
- Do you have any concerns?
What are the 3 things to do to reduce anxiety in child pts?
- Tell
- Show
- Do
What are 4 cultural factors that can affect oral healthcare?
- Eating habits and diet preferences
- What healthy teeth and gums look like
- Perception of time
- Gender roles
Health literacy is the ability of the pt to process and use med info. What is it associated with?
Education and race/ethnicity.
NOT assoc w/ age or gender
What are Kleinman’s 8 Questions?
- What caused problem?
- Why/when did it start?
- What do you think it does it you?
- How severe is it? Long or short course?
- What tx should you get?
- What do you hope to get from tx?
- Problems sickness has caused you?
- What do you fear most about sickness?
What are the 6 types of cements?
Zinc GRP
- Zinc Phosphate
- Zinc Oxide Eugenol
- Zinc Polycarboxylate
- Glass Ionomer
- Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer
- Provisional Cements
Should a good cement be thick or thin?
Thin
Is a good cement radiolucent or radiopaque?
Radiopaque
What was the first cement?
Zinc Phosphate (Gold standard)
Advantages of zinc phosphate?
- thin thickness
- low solubility (resists breakdown in mouth)
- low thermoconductivity
- long shelf life
Disadvantages of zinc phosphate
- initial low pH
- no chemical adhesion/bond
- no antibacterial prop
- poor aesthetics
- long setting time
- exothermic
What is the setting time of zinc phosphate cements?
2.5-8 mins
What type of ZOE is used for temp crowns?
Type 1
What is benefit of ZOE? What materials does it not work with?
- neutral pH (soothing to pulp)
- acrylic or composite (eugenol not compatible)
What was first cement system with adhesive agent that bonded to enamel and dentin?
Zinc polycarboxylate
What materials will polycarboxylate bond to?
Most alloys but NOT gold
What zinc cement is used as a temporary crown cement in the clinic?
Polycarboxylate
How long does ZOE last in the mouth?
6-12 mo
What is another name for an acid-base cement?
Glass ionomer
What is the thickness of glass ionomer cements?
thin
What two aspects of glass ionomer cements seem contradictory?
- Moisture resistant (okay if there is a little moisture present at placement
- Fairly soluble (can start to degrade in the mouth)
Most important advantage of glass ionomer cements?
Fluoride release
Are glass ionomers radiolucent or radiopaque?
Radiopaque
What cement has multiple uses? What are 3?
Glass ionomer:
- liner
- luting agent
- build-up material
How does the addition of resin to glass ionomer change it’s properties?
- less soluble
- lower early strength and moisture sensitive during setting
How long is the normal working time for glass ionomer cements?
2-2.5 minutes
Important detail needed in temp cements?
-easily removed from prep without harming tooth structure
Why do you want eugenol in temp cements?
Antibacterial effect (but can have - effect on resins)
How is ZONE different from ZOE?
ZONEs have carboxylic acids instead of eugenol. Have greater retention (RelyX Temp NE)
4 things to consider when selecting temp cements?
- How long?
- How retentive?
- What will permanent cement be?
- Working in aesthetic zone?
What is the bridge between the study of disease and the treatment of illness?
Diagnosis
Why change the type of clinical examination?
-alters the amount of diagnostic information collected initially and the scope fo diagnostic decisions made by the clinician
If pt has multiple complaints, how do you list them?
-In order of priority stated by patient
Diagnostic casts are part of what kind of exam?
Comprehensive
T or F: in a periodic exam, the dentist must confirm accuracy of prior data from previous dentist.
True
What does SOAP stand for?
S-Subjective (what patient says)
O-Objective (what you find)
A-Analysis (diagnosis)
P-Plan (recommended treatment)
What is the purpose of a screening diagnosis?
- answer specific question about the pt
- obtain limited info needed to answer question w/o accepting comprehensive dx
Difference between symptom and sign?
Symptom: bodily change perceptible to the pt
Sign: body change perceptible to trained observer
What is the most common symptom of face, mouth and neck area?
pain
T or F: When assessing pt history, it should include the pt’s physical limitations and cognitive status.
True
The risk of developing Alzheimer’s Disease is incr in pts _______.
-who are currently smoking
T or F: Rheumatoid arthritis affects only joints, surrounding tissues, and connective tissue.
False: inflammation affects entire body, skin, muscles, GI, lungs, heart, eyes
What condition increases risk of developing gout?
Chronic Heart Failure
What med is associated with bruxism and TMD?
Antidepressants
A diabetic with good control of BG should have an A1c below _______.
7%
Shortness of breath along with swelling of lower extremities, stomach, veins, neck are signs of _____.
Heart Failure
Should pts on Warfarin stop or alter their dose before most dental procedures?
No. TR is < or = 3.5
What are the BP ranges? Normal, Elevated, HTN 1, HTN 2, Crisis?
Normal: <120/<80 Elevated 120-129/<80 HTN 1: 130-139/80-89 HTN 2: >140/>90 Crisis: >180/>120
MS is an immune _________ disease of the CNS.
mediated
What is NOT a typical symptom of MS?
Hearing loss
Is depression a common symptom of MS or Parkinson’s?
MS
Should pts with stroke history receive vasoconstrictors? If so how much?
Yes, but either Epi 1:1k or 1:2k and < or = 0.04 mg
