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Sens/Integ > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Superficial Spreading Melanomas

A

most common

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2
Q

what do nails reflect

A

overall general health of the patient

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3
Q

what causes cradle cap

A

increased sebum production

yeast overgrowth

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4
Q

treatments for pemphigus include

A 
Corticosteroids
Cytotoxic Agents
Antibiotics
Analgesices
Antiipriuretics
Fluids
increase protein
increase calories
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5
Q

do you want a wound to be moist

A

yes, but not too moist

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6
Q

what is an autolytic cream do

A

natural enzymes break down eschar

NOT FOR INFECTED WOUNDS

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7
Q

risk factors for pressure ulcers include

A 
immobility 
impaired circulation
elderly
impaired sensory perception
very thin or obese
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8
Q

complications that can arrise from psoriasis

A

secondary infection
arthritis
nail changes
lymphadenopathy

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9
Q

where is candida most often found

A

skin folds
under breasts
mouth
groin

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10
Q

Pemphigus

A

autoimmune disorder

bullae on skin/mucous membranes (boil/lesion)

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11
Q

what should you educate the patient on with contact dermatitis

A 
frequent diaper changes
no harsh detergents 
no wipes with chemicals
air out the affected area
mild soaps
barrier creams
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12
Q

what environments do Candida/Thrush thrive in

A

warm/moist environments

increased pH

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13
Q

Cyst

A

saclike growth

contains something inside

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14
Q

what is the education for scabies

A

self medication
treat family members
wash clothes/linens
itching may continue 2 weeks following treatment

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15
Q

the general s/s of dermatitis include

A

rash
itching
lesions

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16
Q

why are obese patients also at risk for pressure ulcers

A

adispose tissue has little vascularization

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17
Q

scabies

A

sarcoptes scabei mites
burrow into the skin
contagious
contact with infectious clothing/animals

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18
Q

Herpes Zoster is characterized by

A

acute inflammation/infection
painful vesicles
follows nerve distribution (one area/side)

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19
Q

what can Impeligo cause if it is not treated

A

Glomerulonephritis

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20
Q

how often should you educate the patient do move/shift weight

A

every 15 minutes

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21
Q

shear

A

patients slides down when HOB is elevated

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22
Q

when is HSV not contagious

A

when scabs form

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23
Q

types of Pediculosis include

A

Pediculosis Capitis=head
Pediculosis Corporis=body
Pediculosis Pubis=pubis

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24
Q

balneotherapy

A

therapeutic baths

applies medications to large areas

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25
Q

where can Impeligo be contracted

A 
pets
pools
towels
fingernails
beauty/barbershops
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26
Q

Carbuncle

A

abscess of skin and sub-q tissue
deeper than furuncle
staph

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27
Q

what are aggrevating factors of psoriasis

A 
stress
strep pharyngitis
hormone changes
cold weather
skin trauma
some drugs (lithium, BB, antimilarial drugs)
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28
Q

where do you check the skin turgor on older adults

A

sternum

collar bone

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29
Q

how can you prevent shingles (herpes zoster)

A 
avoid the infected
Varicella Vacine (Varivax)
Zostavax
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30
Q

treatment for scabies include

A 
topical scabicides (kill them)
antipriruritics
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31
Q

what are s/s of dermatitis

A

itching (pruritis)
redness
skin lesions

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32
Q

what are the types of biopsys

A

punch
shave
excisional

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33
Q

what are the triggers for Pemphigus

A

sun

some drugs/foods

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34
Q

s/s of contact dermatitis

A 
large erythematous patch with discrete geometric pattern
itching
edema
vesicles
papules
skin folds spared with diapers
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35
Q

what can be caused by itching

A

infection

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36
Q

how is herpes simplex virus contracted

A

direct contact
respiratory droplet
fluid exposure

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37
Q

what is the cardinal s/s for Impeligo

A

honey colored crusts

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38
Q

where are Furuncles most commonly found

A

areas prone to perspiration and friction

buttocks, axillae

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39
Q

what is debridement

A

removal of the dead tissue

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40
Q

what occurs in the vesicles/pustules phase of HSV

A

burning, itching, pain

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41
Q

Cellulitis

A

infection and inflammation of skin/connective tissue

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42
Q

what has to be done for children under age 2

A

mechanical removal

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43
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin

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44
Q

what are anticonvulsants/antidepressants used for in treatment of shingles (herpes zoster)

A

used for nerve pain (neuropathic pain)

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45
Q

Herpes Zoster is also known as

A

Shingles

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46
Q

alopecia

A

hair loss

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47
Q

what are Tineas caused by

A

dermatophytes

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48
Q

what is important to do with a patient that has Cellulitis

A

draw a border around the inflammation/redness

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49
Q

what are thick nails related to

A

fungal infections

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50
Q

what is woods light used to detect

A

UV light to detect fluorescent materials in skin/hair

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51
Q

what is a common powder used

A

Nystatin

yeast infections

52
Q

herpes simplex virus can what in the body

A

lay dormant

reoccur with stress

53
Q

what type of people does shingles mostly occur in

A

those with decreased immune function
elderly
AIDS

54
Q

Nodular Melanomas

A 
occurs suddenly
blue/black, blue/gray, reddish blue
fragile, bleeds easily
metastizes quickly
poor prognosis
55
Q

what are the non-immunological (irritants) causes of contact dermatitis

A 
diaper dermaitits
feces
urine
harsh detergents
friction
56
Q

Tinea Cruris

A 
"Jack Itch"
bathe daily
clean underwear
loose clothes
dont share personal items
57
Q

when does Contact Dermatitis occur

A

direct skin contact with irritant or allergen

58
Q

when assessing hair, what should you assess

A

color
quantity
thickness
texture

59
Q

treatments for Tineas include

A 
clean/dry skin
topical antifungals
oral antifungals
corticosteroids
teach to avoid spread
60
Q

topical scabicides include

A

Permethrin

Crotamiton

61
Q

when is Impeligo no longer contagious

A

when the vesicles are crusted over

62
Q

what is different with infants/peds

A 
thinner epidermis
blood vessels are close to the surface
less sub-q fat
epidermis loosley bound to the dermis
contains more water
less pigmentation
more alkaline (basic) puts them at a risk for infections
63
Q

how does shingles occur

A

reactivation of varicella zoster virus (chicken pox)

64
Q

s/s of pediculosis include

A

itching, papular rash, teardrop shaped masses on hair

65
Q

what does red mean for pressure ulcer

A

healing

66
Q

s/s of cellulitis

A 
warm
red
edema
pain
fever
lymphadenopathy
sepsis
67
Q

treatment of psoriasis

A

vitamin D cream (slows skin cell division)
Enbrel (alters the immune system)
Methotrexate (hepatotoxic, no in pregnancy)

68
Q

Psoriasis

A

inflammatory disorder, scaling, chronic disease, proliferation of epidermal cells at a rapid rate (overgrowth of skin cells)

69
Q

s/s of Atopic Dermatitis

A

dry skin
pruritic (itching)
serous fluid
flare ups

70
Q

if their is an infection on the face, what is of concern

A

THE BRAIN

71
Q

Atopic Dermatits is caused by

A

environmental triggers, food, stress, summer sweat

72
Q

when would a pressure ulcer be unstageable

A

if it is covered in necrosed tissue or exudate

73
Q

Tinea Capitis

A

on the scalp

contagious

74
Q

when should you assess the Braden Scale

A

daily

75
Q

Lentigo Melanomas

A

slow growing
exposed portions of the face
good prognosis

76
Q

what is clubbing related to

A

hypoxia

77
Q

where is HSV 2 found

A

below waist

genital herpes

78
Q

TInea Corporis

A

ringworm

can be caused by pets

79
Q

if an allergic contact dermatitis what should you educate on

A

oatmeal baths
cool compress
loose clothing
tepid baths

80
Q

what do topical enzymatic creams do

A

destroy bad/dead tissue

KEEP OFF HEALTHY TISSUE (can also destory it)

81
Q

treatment for HSV includes

A

Antivirals (Acyclovir, Zovirax)
antibiotics for secondary infection
avoid triggers

82
Q

what is a deep tissue injury

A

bruised are but it isnt cause by trauma

caused by pressure and can indicate necrosis

83
Q

Verrucae (Wart)

A

usually on hands, fingers, or feet

84
Q

what is a blood supply study

A

doppler

85
Q

treatment for carbuncles

A

soap and water
antibiotics
dont share towels
discard razors after use

86
Q

treatment for cradle cap includes

A

daily shampooing with seborrheic shampoo

87
Q

Tinea Unguium

A

toenails

thickening of the toenails

88
Q

s/s of psoriasis

A

papules
plaques
silver/white scales
itching

89
Q

Atopic Dermatits example is

A

Eczema

90
Q

s/s of herpes zoster (shingles)

A 
vesicles
plaques
irritation
itching
fever
malaise
SEVERE PAIN
91
Q

where is HSV 1 found

A

above the waist

fever blisters

92
Q

what causes pressure ulcers

A 
pressure 
tissue anoxia (collapse of capillaries)
93
Q

how often should you reposition your patient

A

at least every 2 hours

94
Q

when should you avoid using powder

A

patients with respiratory issues

95
Q

Tinea Pedis

A

athletes foot
wear water shoes in public
topical cream

96
Q

where are carbuncles commonly found

A

thick skin
back of neck
upper neck
buttocks

97
Q

what occurs with the use of steroids

A

can cause thinning of the skin

98
Q

treatment of acne vulgaris include

A

Benzoyl Peroxide
Vitamin A Acid
Antibiotics
Estrogen Therapy

99
Q

what are the immunological (allergen/hypersensitivity) causes of contact dermatitis

A

nickel jewelry

poison ivy/oak

100
Q

beaus lines

A

transverse depressions

can be related to diabetes

101
Q

spoon shaped nails are related to

A

anemia

102
Q

Acne Vulgaris characteristics

A

increased sebum production
blocked sebaceous ducts
increased with stress and external irritants

103
Q

how is it spread

A

viral infection–by direct skin contact

104
Q

Impeligo

A

caused by staph or step bacteria

HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS

105
Q

what occurs in the Prodromal Phase of HSV

A

burning, tingling

106
Q

what is stage 4 pressure ulcer

A

full thickness lost, can see bone and muscle tissue

107
Q

s/s of Acne Vulgaris

A

Comedomes
open=blackheads
close=whiteheads

108
Q

Pediculosis is also known as

A

lice

109
Q

Verrucae is caused by

A

HPV

110
Q

treatments for dermatitis include

A

Hydrocortisonse

Methylprednisolone

111
Q

ABCDE’s of detecting a melanoma

A 
Asymmetry
Borders
Color
Diameter
Evolution
112
Q

seborrheic dermatitis is also known as

A

cradle cap

113
Q

s/s of cradle cap

A 
thick greasy patches
white/off white
yellow
scaling on the vertex of scalp
non-priuritic (itchy)
114
Q

s/s of pressure ulcer

A

pain
open ulcerated area
color (black, yellow, red)

115
Q

risk factors that can lead to melanomas

A 
UV Rays
Fair Skin
Genetics
X-Ray Therapy
Chemicals
Immunosuppressants
116
Q

Furuncle

A

small tender boil
deep in one or more hair follicles
staph

117
Q

when is the antiviral Acyclovir most effective to treat shingles

A

if it is treated within 72 hours of onset

118
Q

what are the 3 types of malignant melanomas

A

Lentigo
Superficial Spreading
Nodular

119
Q

what are complications of herpes zoster (shingles)

A 
Postherpetic Neuralgia
Presistent Dermatomal Pain
Hyperesthesia
Sepsis
Opthalmic Herpes Zoster (affects 5th cranial nerve)
120
Q

Keloid

A

overgrowth of tissue during scar formation

121
Q

what does the Braden Scale assess

A 
Sensory Perception
Moisture
Activity
Mobility
Nutrition
Friction and Shear
122
Q

medications used to treat Pediculosis include

A

Permethrin
Pyrethrin
Lindane

123
Q

what should people avoid with Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)

A 
avoid fragrances
pat dry
avoid harsh soaps/oils
soft/loose fitting clothes
no fabric softeners
124
Q

if someone has Pediculosis Pubis, what would you also test for

A

STD

125
Q

how long should open wet dressings be used until you remove them

A

less than 72 hours

126
Q

what bacteria causes cellulitis

A

staph
MRSA
strep

127
Q

friction

A

sheet burn, dragging patient on bed linens

Sens/Integ (2 decks)

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