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Sens/Integ > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the optic nerve #

A

cranial nerve 2

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2
Q

when does low vision occur (numbers)

A

20/70

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3
Q

when does legal blindness occur

A

20/200

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4
Q

what is OD

A

right eye

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5
Q

what is OS

A

left eye

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6
Q

what is OU

A

both eyes

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7
Q

when checking the 6 cardinal fields of gaze, what nerves are checked for functioning

A

3, 4, 6

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8
Q

estropia

A

deviation towards nose

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9
Q

exotropia

A

deviation away from nose

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10
Q

hypotropia

A

deviation downward

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11
Q

hypertropia

A

deviation upward

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12
Q

what is PERRLA

A

pupils are equal, round, reactive to light, and have accomidation

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13
Q

ptosis

A

drooping of the eyelid

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14
Q

tonometer

A

checks intraocular pressure

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15
Q

what is arcas senilis

A

lipid deposit around the cornea (white ring)

older adults

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16
Q

what is the one thing that increases with vision as you age

A

increase opacity

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17
Q

how should you wipe the eye

A

inner to outer

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18
Q

what should you cover when giving eye drops

A

punctum (tear ducts)

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19
Q

what should you not do with an eye patch

A

watch tv

read

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20
Q

what is conjuncitivits

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva

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21
Q

what is important to remember about both viral and bacterial conjuncitivitis

A

VERY CONTAGIOUS

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22
Q

s/s of conjunctivitis

A 
redness
itching
crusty exudate
pain
itching
excessive tears
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23
Q

blepharitis

A

inflammation of the eyelid

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24
Q

Keratitis

A

inflammation of the cornea

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25
Q

s/s of keratitis

A

pain
sensitivity to light
tearing

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26
Q

hordeolum

A

stye, adscess in the sebaceous gland at base of eyelash

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27
Q

chalazion

A

larger than hordeolum

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28
Q

s/s of hordeolum

A

tender, swelling

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29
Q

s/s of chalazion

A

firm, painless

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30
Q

Emmetropia

A

normal vision

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31
Q

Ametropia

A

abnormal vision

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32
Q

presbyopia

A

age related changes due to vision that occurs after 40

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33
Q

what is important when interacting with blind people

A

identify yourself
let them know where things are (especially when eating)
speak before touching
tell them when you are leaving

34
Q

what is retinal detachment

A

seperation of the retina from the layer beneath

35
Q

is there pain with retinal detachment

A

NO

no pain receptors

36
Q

what are s/s of retinal detachment

A

sudden change of vision
loss of peripheral vision
decreased visual acuity

37
Q

what is glaucoma

A

damage to the optic nerve which sends info from eye to the brain

38
Q

what is the end stage of glaucoma

A

loss of peripheral vision

39
Q

which form of glaucoma is an emergency

A

AACG (acute angle closure glaucoma)

40
Q

what is AACG related to

A

the anatomy of the eye
unilateral (one eye)
SEVERE PAIN

41
Q

what is POAG

A

degeneration of the drainage system of the eye which blocks flow of aqueous humor

42
Q

is POAG painful

A

no, it is gradual and painless

43
Q

what medications are given to help glaucoma

A

Miotics

44
Q

how do miotics work

A

constrict the pupils

45
Q

what medications SHOULD NOT be given with glaucoma

A

Mydriatics

46
Q

what medications are mydriatics

A

atropine
diphenhydramine/hydroxyzine
Anticholinergics
Antihistamines

47
Q

what do mydriatics do

A

dilate pupils

48
Q

what are cataracts

A

opacity (cloudy) formation of the lens

49
Q

what can cataracts be caused by

A 
smoking
alcohol
age 
DM
UV light
50
Q

s/s of cataracts

A 
PAINLESS
increased sensitivty to glare
hazy/blurred vision
double vision
decreased color vision
51
Q

what is macular degeneration

A

age related is the leading cause of blindness (>50)

52
Q

what are the two types of macular degeneration

A

dry (atrophic)

wet (exudative)

53
Q

after what age can a lazy eye no longer be fixed

A

7

54
Q

what can help strabismus

A

eye patching stronger eye, glasses, eye exercises

55
Q

what are s/s in child with strabismus

A

double vision

appear clumsy

56
Q

what cranial nerve is classified as the vestibulococular nerve

A

cranial nerve 8

57
Q

what does the eustachian tube do

A

equalize pressure

58
Q

what is Presbycusis

A

the first loss of hearing is high frequency

doesnt help if you talk louder

59
Q

what antibiotics are ototoxic

A

gentamyocin, vancomyocin

60
Q

what do you pull on child

A

down on pinna

61
Q

what do you pull on adult

A

up on pinna

62
Q

what are the three types of hearing loss

A

conductive
sensorinerual
mixed

63
Q

what is conductive hear loss

A

sound impulses do not get though external canal to the inner ear

64
Q

what are causes of conductive hearing loss

A 
foreign body
cerumen 
infection
perforation
trauma
tumores
cyst
65
Q

what is sensorinerual hearing loss

A

loss of hearing in the inner ear due to the cochlea and hair cells and nerve endings

66
Q

what causes sensorinerual hearing loss

A 
measles
mumps
meningitis
ototoxic drugs
noise
aging
disease
67
Q

what are s/s of ototoxicity

A

tinnitus
dizziness
hearing loss

68
Q

what causes mixed hearing loss

A

CVA (stroke)

tumors

69
Q

furuncle

A

hair follicle infected

70
Q

carbuncle

A

multiple hair follicles affected

71
Q

Perichondritis

A

infection of auricle

72
Q

when should you NOT irrigate the eardrum

A

if the eardrum had been perforated

73
Q

what is the most common infection

A

otitis media (middle ear)

74
Q

what are the causes of otitis media

A

fluid
pus
air

75
Q

what kind of pain occurs with otitis media when it perforates

A

pain before

no pain after

76
Q

when does mastoiditis occur

A

when otitis media is not treated

77
Q

what is myringotomy

A

tubes inserted

78
Q

what is osteosclerosis

A

hardening of the ear that creates conductive loss

79
Q

s/s of labyrinthitis

A

vertigo
tinnitus
sensorineural hearing loss
nystagmus

80
Q

what is the traid of menieres disease

A

vertigo
tinnitus
hearing loss

81
Q

what is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

A

short lasting, severe, room spinning, unpredictable, occurs with head position changes

82
Q

when should stuttering be a worry

A

after 5 years

Sens/Integ (2 decks)

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