Exam 2

Question 0

Oceanic crust is composed mainly of

Answer 0

Basalt

Question 1

Which of the following concepts was developed earliest?

Answer 1

Continental drift

Question 2

The - includes Earth’s crust and the uppermost strong and rigid part of the mantle.

Answer 2

Lithosphere

Question 3

The Mid Oceanic Ridge is elevated above the surrounding sea floor because

Answer 3

It is made of the newest, hottest, lowest density lithosphere

Question 4

Tectonic plates typically move at rates of

Answer 4

1-16 cm per year

Question 5

Where two lithosphere plates of different densities converge, the denser one sinks into the mantle beneath the other in a process called -.

Answer 5

Subduction

Question 6

At a transform boundary

Answer 6

Two plates slide horizontally past each other

Question 7

Which of the following is a divergent plate boundary?

Answer 7

The Mid Atlantic Ridge

Question 8

The mantle lithosphere system circulates in great - cells.

Answer 8

Convection

Question 9

The Hawaiian islands are

Answer 9

Generated by a hot spot

Question 10

A rock that has deformed - under stress keeps its new shape

Answer 10

Plastically

Question 11

According to the theory of isostasy

Answer 11

The lithosphere is in floating equilibrium on the asthenosphere

Question 12

P and S wave

Answer 12

Travel through the Geosphere as body waves

Question 13

The geographic location of an earthquake on Earths surface is the -.

Answer 13

Epicenter

Question 14

S (shear) waves

Answer 14

Move only through solids

Question 15

Ground vibrations are measured by

Answer 15

Seismograph

Question 16

The - scale measures the total amount of energy released during an earthquake, based on the amount of movement and the fault surface area

Answer 16

Moment magnitude

Question 17

Which of the following statements about earthquakes is true?

Answer 17

Earthquakes occur at all types of plate boundaries

Question 18

To measure the distance from a recording station to an epicenter

Answer 18

Compare the time interval between the arrival of P and S waves with a time-travel curve

Question 19

The San Andreas fault zone is an example of

Answer 19

Earthquake zone at a transform plate boundary

Question 20

Geologists learned that the outer core is liquid because - do not travel through the outer core.

Answer 20

S waves

Question 21

Where is the Earths magnetic field generated

Answer 21

Outer core

Question 22

Which causes generation of magma?

Answer 22

Decreasing pressure

Question 23

The volcanoes along the subduction zones encircling the Pacific Ocean basin are called the

Answer 23

Ring of Fire

Question 24

Dated rocks and zircon crystals suggest that the earliest continents had formed by

Answer 24

About 4.2 billion years ago

Question 25

Magma with a high silica content has a greater tendency to - in the crust, compared with magma with a lower silica content

Answer 25

Solidify

Question 26

A stratovolcano

Answer 26

Forms by repeated lava flows and pyro clastic eruptions over a long time

Question 27

A pluton with an outcrop area of more than 100 swayed km is called a

Answer 27

Batholiths

Question 28

The most catastrophic volcano explosions occur when - reaches the earths surface

Answer 28

Granitic magma

Question 29

A caldera is

Answer 29

A circular depression formed as the roof of a magma chamber collapses during an eruption

Question 30

31 the addition of CO2 into the atmosphere by volcanic eruptions

Answer 30

Can lead to global warming

Question 31

A cool rock near the Earths surface is more likely to - than a similar rock that is hot and under great pressure.

Answer 31

Deform plastically

Question 32

A fold in a rock indicates that

Answer 32

The rock has deformed in a plastic manner

Question 33

A sycline

Answer 33

Is the portion of a fold that arches downward

Question 34

A reverse fault occurs as a result of

Answer 34

Crustal shortening

Question 35

The term - refers to the process of mountain building

Answer 35

Orogeny

Question 36

Where two oceanic plates converge, one sinks beneath the other and dives into the mantle forming

Answer 36

An island arc

Question 37

A subduction complex

Answer 37

Is formed from slices of rock and sediment scraped off the ocean floor during subduction

Question 38

The Andes mountains were formed by convergence of a plate carrying - crust at its margin with a plate carrying - crust.

Answer 38

Oceanic, continental

Question 39

The Himalayas were formed

Answer 39

By convergence of the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate