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Clinical Neuropsychology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the CNS

A

brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

What two categories make up the PNS

A

somatic and autonomic nervous systems

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3
Q

What two categories make up the autonomic nervous system

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

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4
Q

Function of the somatic nervous system

A

interacts with external environment

afferent and efferent nerves

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5
Q

What are afferent nerves

A

bring sensory in

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6
Q

What are efferent nerves

A

send motor out

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7
Q

Function of the autonomic nervous system

A

regulates internal environment

Less control

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8
Q

What does the sympathetic nervous system control

A

arousal

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9
Q

What does the parasympathetic nervous system control

A

calming

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10
Q

towards the middle

A

medial

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11
Q

towards the outside

A

lateral

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12
Q

above the belly

A

dorsal

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13
Q

towards the belly

A

ventral

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14
Q

on the same side

A

ipsilateral

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15
Q

on the opposite side

A

contralateral

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16
Q

above

A

superior

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17
Q

below

A

inferior

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18
Q

closer to the body

A

proximal

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19
Q

further from the body

A

distal

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20
Q

one side

A

unilateral

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21
Q

two sides

A

bilateral

22
Q

cephalocaudal development

A

development from head to foot

23
Q

Proximodistal development

A

we develop proximal to distal

24
Q

What is neurulation

A

ectoderm seals up forming the neural tube

25
Q

When does neurulation occur

A

Day 26 of pregnancy

26
Q

What causes spina bifida

A

if neural tube doesn’t close

27
Q

What are precursor cells

A

make up nervous system and neurotransmitters

28
Q

What occurs in neurogenesis

A

cells generate, migrate, and differentiate

29
Q

What occurs in corticogenesis

A

development of cortex

30
Q

When are neurons in place

A

18 weeks of pregnancy

31
Q

What is arborization and when does it occur

A

the branching of dendrites

between birth and 18 months

32
Q

Why do adults have larger cell bodies

A

there are more pathways

33
Q

What does synaptogenesis do and when does it occur

A

makes synapses

second trimester

34
Q

How much pruning occurs throughout life

A

40% of synapses are eliminated

35
Q

Two major sucli

A

longitudinal fissure, lateral fissure

36
Q

What is agyria

A

lack of gyri

37
Q

What is lissencephaly

A

lack of gyri and sulci

38
Q

What do gyri and sulci do for the brain

A

makes larger surface area

39
Q

How big is the fetal head at 2 months in pregnancy

A

50% of the body

40
Q

How much is the brain weight at 2 years

A

75% of adult weight

~ 3 lbs

41
Q

Job of the skull

A

protection

42
Q

Problems of the skull

A

no room for movement

bony structures inside can harm it

43
Q

Job of the meninges

A

support and protection

44
Q

What is inside the ventricles

A

choroid plexus that makes cerebrospinal fluid

45
Q

What is hydroencephalus

A

water on the brain

46
Q

What does hydroencehphalus look like and why

A

dementia

incontinence, memory issues, balance issues

47
Q

What is the Circle of Willis

A

a circle of arteries that provides redundancy and blood flow

48
Q

What do veins do in the brain

A

pick up waste

reabsorb CSF

49
Q

What are the divisions of the brain in order of development

A

spinal cord, hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain

50
Q

Subdivisions of the forebrain

A

telencephalon and diencephalon

51
Q

Subdivisions of the midbrain

A

mesencephalon

52
Q

Subdivisions of the hindbrain

A

metencephalon, myelencephalon

Clinical Neuropsychology (2 decks)

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