Exam 2 Flashcards
What does Probiotic BC 30 do
Reduce abdominal pain, bloating and, post paradisal gas
Probiotic BC 30 is very
Viable, survives through pre easing, shelf life and stomach acid
Probiotic BC 30 can potentially increase
Anti inflammatory cytokines
Why are probiotics considered functional foods
Provide health benefits beyond traditional nutrition function
Role of foods has shifted from relieving hunger and providing nutrients to
Substances that can promote wellness and also reduce risk of heart disease
What is a functional food
Foods and components that provide a health benefit beyond basic nutrition (for intended population)
What is a nutraceutical
Term derived from “nutrition” and “pharmaceutics”
In the US the term nutraceutical products are regulated as
Drugs, food ingredients, and dietary supplements
Nutraceuticals are used to improve
Delay of aging process, prevent chronic disease, increase life expectancy, support structure or function of body
Example of a Dietary supplement
A mineral, vitamin, amino acid, medical herb or other botanical
Nutraceutical is NOT a
Nutrient
Nutraceuticals do NOT have
Patent protection
What does SCOBY stand for
Symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast
Example of a BASIC/whole/unaltered product
Carrots with the antioxidant
Beta- carotene
Fortified products
Fruit juices with vitamin C
What is fortification
Deliberately increasing content of an essential micronutrient
Example: vitamins and minerals
What is enrichment
The addition of micronutrients to food irrespective of whatever nutrients were originally in the food before processing or not
Micronutrients should be supplied
In amounts that approximate to a good well balanced diet
Micronutrients are not a substitute for
A quality diet
A specific fortified ________ may not be consumed by all members of the population
Foodstuff
Enriched or supplemented products
Muffins with beta glucan
Drinks with herb blends
Enriched margarine
Only whole grain products contains all of the
Original nutrients from original grain
Altered products
Fiber in meat or ice cream products
Enhanced products
Tomatoes with higher levels of lycopene
Eggs with omega 3 achieved by altered chicken feed
Processed foods
Oat bran cereal (containing natural level of beta glucan)
Americans are only getting about _______ the fiber needed in diets
Half
Knowledge is lacked about
Impact of interactions among nutrients that are added as a mixture on absorption of individual nutrients
Prescnece of large amounts of calcium inhibits
Absorption of iron from fortified foods
Vitamin c increases
Iron absorption
Natural functional foods include
Fruits vegetables whole grains nuts meat fish and some dairy
While some functional foods provide benefits in health terms they
Should not be seen as an alternative to a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle
Functional foods do not provide
Miracle solution to health problems
Functional foods can even be dangerous
Cause:
Allergies
Drug reactions
Drowsiness
Functional foods are NOT
A substitute for real food
What does consumer want
Eat healthy without missing the enjoyment Health effects Taste New texture Convenience
Cell wall material isolated from plants
Carbohydrates CHO
Indigestible CHO fermented by
Colon bacteria are
3 important functions of polysaccharides-fiber
Dilute caloric in food
Enhance viscosity and increase fecal weight
Growth of LAB enhanced
When LAB growth increases what else increses
Colon acidity- toxic to pathogens
Prices contain
Sorbitol and fiber for constipation relief
What does soluble fiber suppress
Appetite
As bacteria ferment fiber in colon
Short chain fatty acids are produced
Short chain fatty acids have what affect on the brain
Appetite suppressing affect
Short chain fatty acids enhance
Anti inflammatory capacity of the body
Fiber helps to trap and remove
Bile acids, cholesterol from intestinal tract
What is taurine
An amino acid used in energy drinks
Wheat bran has a ___________ found time be toxic to _________
Lipophilic compound-prostate cancer cells
Categories of fiber
Water insoluble
Celluloses, hemi cellulose, lignin
Categories of fiber
Water soluble
Gums, psyllium, pectin, b-glucan
Categories of fiber
Prebiotic oligosaccharides
Inulin, oligofructose
Look for 2 grams or more for every _____ Calories then you know you’re getting a decent whole grain
100 calories
What contains pectin
Grapefruits, lemons, oranges, carrots, squash, apricots, apples, guavas, pears
Pectin has the ability to
Form a gel
Psyllium is used as primarily
Gentle bulk forming laxative
Psyllium can also help relieve both
Constipation and diarrhea
Several large population based studies suggest that increased fiber may
Reduce risk of colon cancer but other studies have been conflicting
Guar gum is a ___ fiber
Soluble
Guar gum enhances
Livers ability to remove cholesterol from circulation
Soluble fiber B glucan does what
Highly viscous fiber, decreases blood cholesterol
Insoluble fibers
Cellulose and hemicellulose
Cellulose and hemicellulose are fermented to form
Short chain fatty acids
What is a resistant starch
Starch that escapes digestion in small intestines and may be fermented in large intestines
A pieces of resistant starches
Ground whole kernel grains Maize starch Raw potato starch Banana starch Beans lentils
Durum wheat has
High protein content and hard texture
Example of type I resistant starch
Pasta
Glycemic response is lowered after ingesting
Semolina pasta compared with white bread
Resistant starches have slow releases of
Glucose
Prebiotic CHO
Inulin
Oligofructose
Lactulose
Product processing example
Chicory root to chicory powder
What is lactulose added to
Infant formula
What is lactulose
Synthetic disaccharide-galactose and fructose
Best scourges of healthy CHO
Raw and light steamed vegetables Legumes beans nuts seeds High fiber 100% whole grains Raw whole fresh fruits Most low fat dairy products
Sugar substitutes- nomenclature
LCS, HIS, NCS, NNS
Aspertame would be a concern if
20 twelve oz cans were consumed everyday
