Exam 2 Flashcards
Oral cavity lining
stratified squamous epithelium (keratinized in herbivores)
oral mucous membrane
moist membrane including the epithelium and associated CT below it
these are found in tubular organs lined with epithelium and glands
lips
mucocutaneous junction
thick stratified squamous epithelium
core contains fibroelastic CT and skeletal muscle
propria/submucosa forms long papillae that extends into the thick epithelial layer
palate
dorsal wall of oral cavity with hard and soft
dental pad
in ruminants on the rostral part of the hard palate and replaces upper incisors
contains thick stratum corneum and numerous conical papillae caudally
buccal wall
deep to facial muscles containing minor salivary glands and opening ducts of major salivary glands
tongue
filled with skeletal muscle and a mucous membrane sac (intrinsic and extrinsic lingual muscles)
thicker epithelium on the dorsal rather than ventral side
epithelial papillae of tongue
have either mechanical functions (keratinized) or gustatory (containing taste buds)
Filiform
mechanical and the MOST NUMEROUS found on the dorsal surface of the rostral 2/3.
can be keratinized and pointed caudally
grasping food and grooming
conical
mechanical, root of tongue and inner cheek surface. cone shaped and keeps food from slipping forward
lenticular
mechanical, dorsal prominence of tongue in ruminant and are large and visible. they are lentil shaped and keratinized
fungiform
gustatory mainly (maybe mechanical) scattered on rostral area the distribution is species specific (may be keratinized in herbivores) Taste buds: dorsal carnivores and lateral herbivores
circum vallate
gustatory, rostral border and has a moat.. taste buds are lateral and into the moat. in pairs pigs 1
23 carnivores
many in ruminants
foliate
lateral margin of tongue, leaflike flaps
lots of taste buds on their lateral aspect
gustatory glands (of Von Ebner)
serous secreting with ducts opening into the moats around the vallate or furrows between the foliate
the secretions are a medium that diffuse chemicals to taste buds. It washes the surface of the tastebud
taste
aids survival indicating health and nutrients and warns of toxins
tastbuds
on fungiform, vallate, and foliate as well as the epiglottis and soft pallate
oval clusters of columnar cells
receptor (neuroepithelial) cells
have taste receptors on apical processes, basal synaptic
vesicles and apparent nerve contacts.
presynaptic cells
have ion channels for salts or acids
supportive (sustentacular) cells
apical microvilli and higher levels of L-type
Ca++ channels, needed for nerve impulse
generation.
basal cells
divide and replace the columnar cells every few days
taste pore aspects
receptor (neuroepithelial) cells, presynaptic cells, supportive (sustentacular) cells, basal cells
creates a physical interaction with the oral cavity
taste sentations
metabotropic or ionotropic. can respond to multiple taste modalities.
innervation of fungiform papillae
chorda tympani of CN VII
innervation of vallate and foliate
CN IX
LOOK AT TASTES
TASTES CHART
Brachydont
teeth that have a definite growth pattern and limited period of eruption
hypsodont
continuously erupting. some have a finite growth period and some do not
deciduous
baby teeth (first to erupt) root gets resorbed by osteoclasts
Permanent
last through adult life
3 mineralized tissues
enamel, dentin, cementum
enamel
ameloblasts and hardest part of the tooth
dentin
odontoblasts and is harder than bone have collagen and hydroxyapatite.
dentinal canaliculi and odontoblast processes
cementum
cementoblasts and just like bones
crown
exposed portion of the tooth, layers of enamel over dentin
root
bony alveolus anchored
mineralized dentin covered by cementum
pulp cavity
center of the teeth contains nerves and vasulature fibroblasts and collagen fibers
periodontal ligament
perforating collagen fiber anchored in the bony alveolus and cementum of the root,
it is the shock absorber
salivary gland function
protection, lubrication, and provides fluid, pH adjustments, IgA and hormones, electrolyte balance, digestive enzymes
minor salivary gland
submucosal CT, lingual (gustatory), buccal, labial, pharyngeal palatine
major salivary gland
large (can dissect).
parotid SG
serous secretion
mixed serous and mucous secretion SG
mandibular, sublingual, zygomatic, molar
structure of minor glands
smaller and less complex, lobed and less extensive duct work
neck
Constriction of the tooth just below the gingival surface
gingiva
gum anchored to the enamel, lasal lanima
