exam 2

Question 1

rhetoric

Answer 1

the art of using language effectively and persuasively

Question 2

inartistic

Answer 2

external evidence- the speaker doesn’t create

Question 3

artistic

Answer 3

internal proofs that contain logos ethos and pathos

Question 4

golden mean

Answer 4

develops habits that avoid extremes ( best way to persuade others)

Question 5

dramastic pentad

Answer 5

a tool critics can use to find the motive behind the message

1. act
2. scene
3. agent
4. agency
5. purpose

Question 6

act

Answer 6

what was done

Question 7

scene

Answer 7

environmental forces

Question 8

agent

Answer 8

a person who acts

Question 9

agency

Answer 9

power in the speech

Question 10

purpose

Answer 10

the goal the speaker wants to achieve

Question 11

god terms

Answer 11

powerful terms that are viewed positively in a society

example: facts, history, etc

Question 12

devil terms

Answer 12

powerfully evocative terms viewed negatively in a society

example: ignorance

Question 13

perspective by incongruity

Answer 13

calling attention to a truth by linking two dissonant or discrepant terms

Question 14

mortification

Answer 14

a feeling of shame or humiliation

Question 15

identification

Answer 15

the common ground between speaker and audience

Question 16

audience analysis

Answer 16

considering the characteristics of ones listeners when preparing a speech.

Question 17

etymology

Answer 17

the history of a word

Question 18

topic pattern

Answer 18

a pattern of organizing the main points of a speech to represent different categories

Question 19

time pattern

Answer 19

a pattern of organizing the main points of a speech in chronological order

Question 20

space pattern

Answer 20

a pattern of organizing the main points of a speech according to areas

Question 21

rule of subordination

Answer 21

a rule of speech organization specifying that some concepts in the speech are more important than others

Question 22

rule of division

Answer 22

a rule of speech organization specifying that if a point is divided into subpoints, it must have at least two subpoints

Question 23

rule of parallel structure

Answer 23

a rule of speech organization specifying that all points and subpoints in an outline.

Question 24

visualization

Answer 24

mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation

Question 25

desensitization

Answer 25

confronting frightening situations directly to reduce the stress they cause

Question 26

canons of rhetoric

Answer 26

principle divisions of the art of persuasion established by ancient rhetoricians

1. invention
2. arrangement
3. style
4. memory
5. delivery

Question 27

what is rhetoric

Answer 27

faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion - aristotle

Question 28

3 invention traditions

Answer 28

1. technical (how you craft rhetoric)
2. philosophical (rhetoric and virtue to create)
3. sophistic (truth is relative. beautiful, ornate language)

Question 29

invention 1

Answer 29

ethos logos pathos

Question 30

invention 2

Answer 30

defintion, comparison, cause/effect, circumstance, correlation, abduction

Question 31

vested interest

Answer 31

inherent motivation to pay attention

Question 32

preview transition

Answer 32

alerts listeners that a speaker is about to shift to a new topic

Question 33

summary transition

Answer 33

briefly remind listeners of points already made

Question 34

signposting

Answer 34

single words/phrases that distinguish one point in a presentation from another and help listeners follow the speakers plan

Question 35

thesis

Answer 35

overall topic or opinion

Question 36

purpose statement

Answer 36

declaration of specific goals

Question 37

figures of speech

Answer 37

words used in unusual ways

alliteration, assonance, hyperbole, onomatopoeia

Question 38

figures of thought

Answer 38

symbolic structure that changes meaning of words used

irony, metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche