Exam #2

Question 1

What are 5 examples of disasters?

Answer 1

Natural or accidental man-made, traumatic or explosions, biological, chemical, conflict based

Question 2

Natural or accidental man-made disasters

Answer 2

hurricane or a fire

Question 3

Traumatic or explosive disasters

Answer 3

bomb or a crash

Question 4

Biological disaster

Answer 4

bioterrorism or communicable diseases

Question 5

All hazards approach

Answer 5

regardless of type of disaster, you will use the same disaster management approach to provide consistency to the addressing situation

Question 6

What are the phases of the disaster management approach?

Answer 6

Prevention/Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery/Rehabilitation

Question 7

Prevention methods of the disaster management approach

Answer 7

perform a community assessment, identify risks at individual and community level, develop plan for alternative housing, risk reduction activities, plan for evacuation, public policy, community education

Question 8

Preparedness methods of the disaster management approach

Answer 8

Policy, communication, obtaining equipment and supplies, and training, sheltering, first air, and emergency transport

Question 9

Response methods of the disaster management approach

Answer 9

Provide both physical and mental health care, triage, management of scarce resources, infection control, continuous monitoring

Question 10

Recovery/rehab methods of the disaster management approach

Answer 10

continued care and support, monitoring, referrals, assist with re-establishing infrastructure, evaluation that leads to changes in prevention

Question 11

Vulnerable populations during a disaster

Answer 11

children, limited english proficiency, mentally disabled, pregnant women, homeless persons, home bound elderly, physically disabled

Question 12

considerations for vulnerable populations during a disaster

Answer 12

basic supplies (at least 3 days), medication, medical equipment, assistive devices, pets, literacy level and language, transportation for evacuation or to shelters, shelters, sheltering in place

Question 13

What should be done in regards to language and literacy level with vulnerable populations?

Answer 13

try and get out early warning in multiple languages

Question 14

IPREPARE

Answer 14

investigate potential exposures, present work, residence, environmental concerns, past work, activities, resources, educate

Question 15

Investigate potential exposures

Answer 15

Have you ever felt sick after encountering a chemical or substance? Do you have symptoms that improve when you leave home or work?

Question 16

Present Work

Answer 16

Are you exposed to solvents, dust, radiation at work? Do you know where material safety data is at work? Do you wear PPE?

Question 17

Residence

Answer 17

When was your home built? Type of heating? Water type? How do you store chemicals?

Question 18

Environmental concerns

Answer 18

What type of industries are by your home? Do you live near a landfill? How do you store chemicals?

Question 19

Past work

Answer 19

Longest job? Ever been in military?

Question 20

Activities

Answer 20

What are your hobbies? Do you burn or melt products? Do you garden/fish? Do you grow your own food? Do you engage in alternative medicine?

Question 21

Educate

Answer 21

How to minimize risk; plan for follow up

Question 22

What is recommended in an emergency preparedness kit?

Answer 22

water, food, radio, flashlights, batteries, whistle, dust mask, duct tape, moist towelette, garbage bags, plastic ties, wrench or pliers, can opener, local maps, cell phone

Question 23

How much water should be in an emergency preparedness kit?

Answer 23

1 gallon per day per person

Question 24

Category A bioterrorism agents

Answer 24

high priority, include organisms and toxins that pose the highest risk to the public and national security; easily spread, high death rates, may cause panic, require special action

Question 25

Category B bioterrorism agents

Answer 25

moderately easy to spread, result in moderate illness rates and low death rates, require specific enhancements of CDC's lab capacity and enhance disease monitoring

Question 26

Category C bioterrorism agents

Answer 26

include emerging pathogens that could be engineered for mass spread in the future; easily available, easily produced and spread

Question 27

Anthrax transmission

Answer 27

inhalation, digestion, person to person, through skin (naturally found in soil)

Question 28

Anthrax case fatality and incubation period

Answer 28

100%; 1 week to 2 months

Question 29

Anthrax s/s & treatment

Answer 29

fever, malaise, fatigue, nonproductive cough, body aches, mild chest discomfort; antibiotics, vaccine is only available to military and research lab workers at this time

Question 30

What is botulism?

Answer 30

a muscle-paralyzing disease caused by toxin made by Clostridium botulinum

Question 31

Botulism transmission

Answer 31

naturally occurring, foodborne, infant, wound contact, unnatural, inhaled form

Question 32

Botulism case fatality and incubation

Answer 32

5 - 10%; typically 12 - 36 hours but can be from 6 hours - 10 days

Question 33

Botulism s/s and treatment

Answer 33

difficulty swallowing or speaking, dry mouth, double/blurred vision, dilated/nonreactive pupils, drooping eyelids, symmetric and descending weakness, weak RR, no fever; antitoxin, supportive care (NO VACCINE)

Question 34

What is a plague?

Answer 34

disease caused by yersinia pestis, a bacterium found in rodents and their fleas in many areas of the world

Question 35

Plague transmission

Answer 35

pneumonic rarely occurs naturally, spread person to person by droplets

Question 36

Plague case fatality and incubation period

Answer 36

5-10%; 1 - 3 days

Question 37

Plage s/s and treatment

Answer 37

fever, weakness, rapidly developing pneumonia with shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, sometimes bloody or water sputum; antibiotics, vaccine available but efficacy is unknown

Question 38

Smallpox

Answer 38

las naturally occurring in 1977 and last case ever in 1978

Question 39

Smallpox transmission

Answer 39

spread person to person; contact and droplet

Question 40

Smallpox case fatality and incubation

Answer 40

30%; 12 - 14 days

Question 41

Smallpox s/s and treatment

Answer 41

high fever (101 - 104), malaise, head and body aches, vomiting, severe rash; no treatment, vaccine available

Question 42

Tularemia (rabbit fever) transmission

Answer 42

insect bites, handling ill or dead animals, lab accidents, airborne, naturally occurring but can live in soil for weeks, not spread to person to person

Question 43

Rabbit fever case fatality and incubation

Answer 43

2%, 1-14 days

Question 44

Rabbit fever s/s and treatment

Answer 44

abrupt onset of fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, joint pain, dry cough, progressive weakness; antibiotics

Question 45

Viral hemorrhagic fevers (ebola, lassa)

Answer 45

used to describe a severe multi-system syndrome

Question 46

Viral hemorrhagic fever transmission

Answer 46

naturally occuring, multiple types and subtypes, spread person to person

Question 47

Viral hemorrhagic fevers case fatality and incubation period

Answer 47

40 - 50%; 2 - 21 days

Question 48

Viral hemorrhagic fevers s/s and treatment

Answer 48

fever, severe headache, muscle pain, weakness, fatigue, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, unexplained bleeding or bruising; supportive (no meds or vaccines)