Exam 2

Question 1

what foot deformity is most common with patellofemoral pain?

Answer 1

forefoot varus

Question 2

AKPS

Answer 2

• anterior knee pain scale
• outcome measure
• 100 max points (no pain)

Question 3

patellofemoral pain often seen in:

Answer 3

runners

Question 4

patellar tendinopathy often seen in:

Answer 4

jumping athletes

Question 5

patellofemoral dislocation most common in:

Answer 5

adolescent age group during athletic activity

Question 6

symptoms associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome:

Answer 6

• pain using stairs, running
• no trauma
• pain with prolonged sitting with knee flexed, relieved by extending knee
• anterior knee ache relieved by rest from aggravating activities
• anterior knee pain elicited during a squatting maneuver

Question 7

symptoms of neuropathy of infrapatellar branch of saphenous nerve:

Answer 7

• could be injured during surgery, or from direct trauma
• nerve sensitive to palpation, and neuropathic pain “burning, tingling”
• allodynia
• can result in severe symptoms
• limited flexion

Question 8

Ottowa Knee Rules

Answer 8

• age 55 or older
• isolated tenderness of the patella (no bone tenderness of knee other than patella)
• tenderness of head of fibula
• inability to flex to 90 degrees
• inability to bear weight both immediately and in the clinic for 4 steps

Question 9

Red Flag for DVT

Answer 9

• pain or tenderness
• swelling, warmth, redness, discoloration
• distention of surface veins

Question 10

Wells Score categorization

Answer 10

• high if greater than 2
• moderate if 1 or 2
• low if less than 1

Question 11

symptoms of septic arthritis

Answer 11

• history of recent infections, recent surgery or joint infection, presence of prosthesis
• symptoms: constant throbbing, aching pain in joint even at rest, swelling and warmth
• may have systemic symptoms such as fever and chills, fatigue
• knee and hip most commonly affected

Question 12

signs of osteochondral defect

Answer 12

• history of trauma involving rotation while knee is loading, landing from a jump
• pain with weight bearing
• locking
• crepitus
• pain and swelling after activity
• eased after unloading joint

Question 13

osteochondritis dissecans most often develops in:

Answer 13

children and adolescents

Question 14

contact area between patella and trochlea gradually increases as:

Answer 14

knee flexes

Question 15

for rehabbing articular cartilage injuries, OKC ROM for exercise should be:

Answer 15

90-45 degrees

Question 16

for articular cartilage injuries, CKC ROM for exercise progression:

Answer 16

initially: 0-30
as heals: 0-60
then 0-90

Question 17

osteoarthritis risk factors

Answer 17

• increasing age
• obesity
• genetic predisposition
• inappropriate loading

Question 18

rehab after partial menisectomy:

Answer 18

• WBAT immediately and progress to FWB
• restore full AROM ASAP, get quads firing immediately
• progress activity slowly according to pain, and swelling
• can return to full activity 2-4 weeks

Question 19

rehab after meniscus repair

Answer 19

• WB restricted for 2-4 weeks
• ROM 0-90; not hamstring activity if medial meniscus
• start with iso quads immediately; progress after 4-6 weeks to knee ext PRE
• usually start functional training at 3 months and return to full around 6 months

Question 20

If knee opens at 30 and 0 degrees during valgus stress test:

Answer 20

• then other ligaments are involved such as the ACL or PCL

- need to be referred for imaging

Question 21

what percentage of ACL injuries are non-contact?

Answer 21

80%

Question 22

recurrence (same side or opposite side) after ACL reconstruction?

Answer 22

29%

Question 23

ACL graft strength timeline:

Answer 23

• strongest when first go in
• weaken over first 6-12 weeks
• gets stronger as revascularize (16 weeks)
• Maturation can take 12-18 months (still usually only 50% as strong as normal ACL)

Question 24

knee posterolateral ligaments:

Answer 24

• LCL

- popliteus muscle-tendon ligament unit (includes popliteofibular ligament and posterolateral capsule)

Question 25

At 0-70 degrees the quads create what kind of shear?

Answer 25

anterior shear

Question 26

At flexion angles greater than 70 degrees the quads creat what kind of shear?

Answer 26

posterior shear

Question 27

safest position for WB exercises after PCL injury?

Answer 27

0-70 degree since don’t strain the PCL (has an anterior shear on knee)

Question 28

when are the quads an active agonist for PCL?

Answer 28

open chain exercises

Question 29

when are the hamstrings active antagonist for PCL?

Answer 29

open chain exercises