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Psychology of Gender > Exam #2 > Flashcards

Exam #2 Flashcards

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1
Q

The male inclination to acquire wealth, power, and fame stems from

A

desire to attract potential mates

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2
Q

what do social constructivists often fail to note about males?

A

that they are victims

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3
Q

Science by itself is…

A

neither good or evil

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4
Q

Covert power is the realm of…

A

womanpower

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5
Q

standard social constructivist view of power

A

power is not evenly distributed among the genders

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6
Q

What is the most powerful from an evolutionary perspective?

A

womanpower

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7
Q

The innovation of money significantly…

A

decreased incidents of violent behavior

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8
Q

women have been victims of male domination

A

social constructivist view of the 20th century

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9
Q

What system orders our lives in the 21st century?

A

the economy

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10
Q

Our view of sex is shaped by…

A

social constructions

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11
Q

female sexuality is more…

A

complex than male sexuality

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12
Q

most mammals are…

A

polygynous

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13
Q

polygynous

A

a male having multiple female mates

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14
Q

according to research of human sexuality (masters and johnson)

A

women do not always follow the four-phase sexual response

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15
Q

modern sexual attitudes are ________ from ancestral attitudes

A

dramatically different

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16
Q

female sexuality is more ________ than male sexuality

A

generalized

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17
Q

biological essentialist and epigenetic view of child development…

A

the child is pre-loaded with behavioral characteristics

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18
Q

social constructivist view of child development…

A

child has no pre-loaded behavioral characteristics

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19
Q

ancestral social environment: loneliness and alienation…

A

were unknown

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20
Q

social constructivist: child who is male can be raised…

A

to be a girl

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21
Q

what would a newborn say it needs and wants?

A

love

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22
Q

very young children innately try to…

A

connect with the people around them

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23
Q

girls have better ________ skills than boys

A

language

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24
Q

modern socially constructed patterns of behavior have made childhood…

A

more stressful for children

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25
Q

girls tend to develop _______ hearts and _______ lung surface area than boys

A

smaller,

less

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26
Q

The heart of Erikson’s view of personal development

A

Conflict

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27
Q

The manner in which desire for status is expressed is…

A

epigenetic

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28
Q

during the first developmental stage, __________ play a crucial role

A

mothers

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29
Q

Erikson’s theory approaches development from an…

A

epigenetic point of view

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30
Q

life goals arise out of…

A

unstructured play

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31
Q

the first five stages of development are _______ in the later adult stages

A

important

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32
Q

the 8 epigenetic stages of development may…

A

prove adaptive in the future

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33
Q

Erikson was born in…

A

Germany in 1902

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34
Q

Positive outcomes of the 8 stages of development are called…

A

virtues

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35
Q

biology enables,

A

culture forbids

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36
Q

corruption

A

the abuse of power for private gain

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37
Q

people with power do everything they can to…

A

keep it

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38
Q

men are more likely to be concerned with…

A

power and status

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39
Q

money change the game by making…

A

trade easier and more flexible

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40
Q

all civilizations were at least partially built on _________

A

slavery

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41
Q

shopping (very new) has replaced

A

raiding

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42
Q

power no longer lies in physical strength, but in _________

A

economic development

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43
Q

women are very competitive because they want…

A

to secure limited resources

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44
Q

the most powerful woman of the ancient western world

A

Livia, 2nd wife of Augustus Caesar

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45
Q

covert power cannot protect women from…

A

violent acts like rape

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46
Q

detrimental acts on women are more often committed by…

A

elderly high-status females

47
Q

examples of detrimental acts on women

A

foot binding
neck stretching
female genital cutting
force-feeding

48
Q

what is the ultimate goal for men?

A

attracting potential mates

49
Q

the purpose of advertising is to get you to buy things to…

A

enhance chances of reproducing

50
Q

unlike other animals, humans are sexually active…

A

all year round

51
Q

with humans, sex is about more than __________

A

reproduction

52
Q

Ectomorph

A

tall and slim

quiet and morose

53
Q

Endomorph

A

rounded and big waist

jolly and outgoing

54
Q

Mesomorph

A

muscular and athletic

crude and vulgar

55
Q

labiaplasty

A

clipping off parts of the labia minor

56
Q

four ways of sexual harassment

A

verbal
non-verbal
physical
electronic

57
Q

adolescent girls tend to experience ____ pleasure and ____ guilt after sex

A

less,

more

58
Q

boys feel pressured to ______ sex

A

have

59
Q

girls feel pressured to _______ sex

A

refuse

60
Q

prohibition of teenage sex is a recent…

A

social construction

61
Q

polyandry

A

one woman with multiple husbands (usually brothers)

62
Q

polygamy

A

one man with multiple wives

63
Q

according to Zeus and Hera’s story; which gender gets more pleasure from sex

A

women

64
Q

which gender is able to enjoy sex more according to science?

A

women

65
Q

what are the four phases of sexual response?

A

excitement
plateau
orgasm
resolution

66
Q

vasocongestion

A

increased blood flow to the genitals, nipples harden

67
Q

orgasm

A

involuntary rhythmic contractions, physical sensation of climax

68
Q

myotonia

A

rhythmic contraction of muscles during orgasm

69
Q

what is the refractory period for men?

A

period after orgasm in men before they can orgasm again

70
Q

what is an evolutionary perspective on homosexuality?

A

it could be an adaptive response to resource scarcity

71
Q

how did humans learn new behaviors?

A

using inborn capacity

72
Q

syntax

A

the rules of grammar

73
Q

semantics

A

meaning

74
Q

what makes us a unique organism?

A

we strive to bend reality and the environment to our will

75
Q

what do all children need to do with their caregiver?

A

fall in love

76
Q

no love as a baby =

A

attachment disorder

77
Q

how were children raised in the past?

A

collectively

78
Q

what do children need in a society?

A

to be part of a larger group

79
Q

ubuntu

A

i am because we are

80
Q

every child expresses gender ________

A

uniquely

81
Q

is parenthood instinctual?

A

no

82
Q

female children are more apt to develop ___________ motor skills

A

fine

83
Q

gatherers and caregivers required __________ and _________

A

fine motor skills and good communication

84
Q

What the young were evolved to need is often…

A

not present in the modern world

85
Q

signs of psychological distress

A 
ADHD
sleep and eating disorders
bullying
neuroses
suicide
86
Q

Erik erikson coined the term _____

A

“identity crisis”

87
Q

erik erikson is _________ theory

A

psychosocial

88
Q

Infancy developmental stage

A

basic trust vs mistrust

89
Q

early childhood development stage

A

autonomy vs shame and doubt

90
Q

basic trust vs mistrust

A

1-2 years

91
Q

autonomy vs shame and doubt

A

2-4 years

92
Q

4-6 years

A

initiative vs guilt

93
Q

initiative vs guilt

A

motivation and decisiveness

94
Q

6-12 years

A

industry vs inferiority

95
Q

industry vs inferiority

A

task completion

96
Q

12-19 years

A

identity vs confusion

97
Q

20-25/40 years

A

intimacy vs isolation

98
Q

26/40-65/76 years

A

generativity vs stagnation

99
Q

generativity vs stagnation

A

guiding the next generation

100
Q

60/75-death

A

integrity vs despair

101
Q

integrity vs despair

A

understanding temporary life

102
Q

the reason people have so much trouble with money is because

A

we were not evolved to deal with it

103
Q

feminism can be understood as…

A

part of a larger effort to redress long standing injustices

104
Q

sperm competition

A

genetic compatibility tested after sexual contact

105
Q

women begin looking for potential new mates after…

A

three years in a relationship

106
Q

_______ identified conflict between ancestral and modern behavioral tendencies

A

Freud

107
Q

money changed our behavior by…

A

making us less dependent on cooperative intimate ties

108
Q

today we are more likely to be _______ well connected and ________ isolated

A

commercially,

socially

109
Q

in modern times _________ has become the prevailing mindset

A

hyper-individuation

110
Q

today we announce our gender characteristics through

A

the goods and services we consume

111
Q

the unconscious part of our mind interprets _______ and subtly _______

A

the data our senses take in,

directs our behavior

112
Q

old unconscious predispositions can…

A

be overcome through learning

113
Q

the compulsive tendency to judge people…

A

deprives people of potentially important relationships

Psychology of Gender (2 decks)

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