EXAM 2 Flashcards
Define sustainable development
development that meets the Neeson the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Define climate change
the significant and acting change in weather patterns over an extended period of time
Define ecosystem
a community of interdependent species and their environment
define renewable energy
energy that can be obtained from natural resources that can be constantly replenished.
define biosphere
the place on earths surface where life dwells. it is a shell that includes all life on earth and humans can only exist in about 4km of this shell.
define risk
the potential to lose something you value verses the potential to gain something you value.
define minimal impact
aims to have as little environmental impact as possible from when the trip begins until its completion.
define experiential learning
gaining an understanding through engagement and active participation in an environment.
urban/ built environments
areas of permanent infrastructure designed to support higher population densities such as cities and towns
example: indoor rock climbing
pos: being able to train all year round, easy to get to
neg: cost, ruins the biodiversity of nature and ruins our outdoor experiences
risk in outdoor environments
- types of risk
the potential to loose something you value verses the possibility of gaining something you value.
loose: physical damage to yourself or health
gain: physical fitness, enjoyment
absolute risk: uppermost limit of risk
real risk: the amount of risk that actually exists at a given moment
perceived risk: individuals subjective assessment of the real risk present at any given time.
Example of risk
a novice on moderately difficult climb may see undertaking the climb a fairly high risk activity(perceived). due to the amount of safety features in place on her climb including things such as harnesses, dynamic rope, belayer, back up belayer and it being at an indoor venue the risk is actually quite low(real risk). however if the climber chooses to not use safety equipment at all this is absolute risk
experiencing and responding to outdoor environments- as a resource
as a resource: a resource can be described as something the environment supplies, supports or aids humans in some way eg. food and water
for recreation-
For recreation: recreation is typically characterised by the goals of fun, pleasure and adventure eg. hiking, surfing
as a spiritual connection
as a spiritual connection: taking time out from the city and everyday life to be amongst nature and reconnecting with the natural world.
sense of place…
sense of place: in order to have a spiritual experience, you don’t have to visit an environment to ‘do something’ instead you visit and ‘just be’.
as a study site…
as a study site: is a location or place where investigation analysis and other activities occur in the pursuit of knowledge.
motivation flow model
flow- being completely in an activity for its own sake. time flies. every action, every movement and thought follow inevitably from the previous one. your whole being is involved and your skills to the utmost.
socio-economic status definition
it relates to an individuals or families economic and social position in relation to others based upon education, income and occupation
socio-economic status in relation to outdoor environments
low SES- someone with a low socio economic status would not be able to afford the right equipment or afford to participate as well as not be able to pay for things such as petrol in order to get to an outdoor environment
High SES- would be able to afford the right equipment and things necessary to be able to fully participate in various outdoor activities.
cultural background definition
is the context of ones life life experience as shaped by memberships in groups based on ethnicity, race, SES, gender, religion, sexual orientation and geographic location/ area.
cultural background in relation to outdoor environments
muslim women with their burkes would find it harder to participate in outdoor activities because go the restraints put on by the burka
age in relation to outdoor experiences
when you are younger you have more range in your physical ability you will also be less scared but would not be able to drive to or necessarily afford to participate in outdoor activities. when you are older you have the ability to be able to drive to different places. they have more life experiences and are more knowledgeable towards the outdoors.
physical ability for outdoor experiences
if a person has a high physical ability they will be able to participate in a range of outdoor activities such as surfing with more ease competently and enjoyment of participation. in comparison of they are experiencing low physical ability or impairments such as being blind their access would be limited. they activity may not be safe for them to partake without assistance which can also like to SES. in conclusion physical ability certainly does impact your access to outdoor environments however their can always bu ways to eliminate these barriers.
the alpine environment
high mountain area. areas above a certain altitude that are treeless because of prolonged low temperatures. it is covered in snow for more than 1/3 of the year. human influence and threats include thing such as ski resorts
the marine environment
composes a wide variety of ecosystems including subtotal and intertidal rocky reefs, sponge gardens, kelp forests, mangroves, mudflats, open water, sandy plains and seagrass beds. human influences and threats include overfishing, dredging and pollution from factories. it covers 10,000 square kilometres
