Exam 2

Question 1

What are cones best for?

Answer 1

fine detail and color

Question 2

What is the structure on the inner surface of the eyeball that contains all the visual receptors? _______

Answer 2

retina

Question 3

What are rods best for?

Answer 3

greyscale and peripheral vision

Question 4

The ________ theory of color vision states that we have 3 kinds of color receptors and the degree to which each are collectively active determines the specific hue we perceive

Answer 4

trichromatic

Question 5

Short wavelengths are most associated with which hue

Answer 5

blue

Question 6

About 1 in 50 are color blind and most are male because the gene for color blindness is _________.

Answer 6

sex-linked

Question 7

We see color through processes that actually work against each other – stimulated by red, but inhibited by green according to the ______________ theory

Answer 7

opponent-process

Question 8

We perceive differences on a logarithmic not linear scale - i.e. it’s the percentage not the amount of change according to

Answer 8

Weber’s law

Question 9

____________ is a neurological disorder that impairs a persons ability to perceive or recognize faces – also known as face blindness.

Answer 9

prosopagnosia

Question 10

Wavelength is to _______________ as amplitude is to _______ .

Answer 10

hue, brightness

Question 11

Put the following in order:

 Ganglion Cells (Optic nerve)
Bipolar Cells
Receptor cells (rods and cones)
Visual cortex
Thalamus

Answer 11

receptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, thalamus, visual cortex

Question 12

Sensation is the ____________ by which our senses, like vision, hearing and smell receive and relay outside stimuli.

Answer 12

bottom-up

Question 13

Long wavelengths are most associated with

Answer 13

red

Question 14

Which stage(s) of Sleep are known as Slow Wave Sleep (SWS)?

Answer 14

Stages 3 and 4

Question 15

The following stage of sleep is associated with sleep spindles and k-complexes

Answer 15

Stage 2

Question 16

The surest way to disrupt the biological clock is to damage the:

Answer 16

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Question 17

Melatonin is released by the

Answer 17

Pineal Gland

Question 18

The study of dreams is known as ______________ – a mix of neuroscience and psychology

Answer 18

oneirology

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a current theory of why we sleep?

Answer 19

Sleep is a time for wish fulfillment in the form of dreams

Question 20

Night terrors are associated with

Answer 20

Deep or Slow-Wave Sleep

Question 21

Narcolepsy may be caused by deficiency of the neurotransmitter ______________

Answer 21

hypocretin

Question 22

Which brain area is LESS active during sleep?

Answer 22

Parietal Lobe

Question 23

Bright light in the evening disrupts the sleep cycle so much because light is the primary _________________ for humans

Answer 23

Zeitgaber

Question 24

Which theory of dreaming proposes that dreams are the random results of whichever neurons happen to be activated by the pons?

Answer 24

Activation – Synthesis Theory

Question 25

Somnambulism is associated with

Answer 25

Slow Wave Sleep (SWS)

Question 26

Experiencing nightmares about a traumatic event, avoiding reminders of it, and exaggerated startle response are symptoms of:

Answer 26

ptsd

Question 27

Which of the following is characterized by extreme physiological arousal?

Answer 27

panic disorder.

Question 28

People with “locked-in syndrome,” lack the ability to produce any body changes, therefore, most report feeling:

Answer 28

tranquility

Question 29

Which of the following hormones is released by the adrenal gland during stress?

Answer 29

cortisol

Question 30

Studies that consider the role of social support in health suggest that:

Answer 30

social support may buffer some of the adverse effects of stress.

Question 31

Individuals with pure autonomic failure:

Answer 31

have diminished intensity of emotion, but still report cognitive aspects of it.

Question 32

According to the James-Lange Theory, we experience emotion:

Answer 32

after we experience autonomic arousal.

Question 33

Benzodiazepines relieve anxiety by facilitating transmission of:

Answer 33

GABA.

Question 34

Voodoo death refers to:

Answer 34

a case wherein a healthy person dies apparently because he believes that a curse has been put on him.

Question 35

Increases in aggressive behavior are associated with a drop in:

Answer 35

serotonin release.