Exam 2 Flashcards
What are cones best for?
fine detail and color
What is the structure on the inner surface of the eyeball that contains all the visual receptors? _______
retina
What are rods best for?
greyscale and peripheral vision
The ________ theory of color vision states that we have 3 kinds of color receptors and the degree to which each are collectively active determines the specific hue we perceive
trichromatic
Short wavelengths are most associated with which hue
blue
About 1 in 50 are color blind and most are male because the gene for color blindness is _________.
sex-linked
We see color through processes that actually work against each other – stimulated by red, but inhibited by green according to the ______________ theory
opponent-process
We perceive differences on a logarithmic not linear scale - i.e. it’s the percentage not the amount of change according to
Weber’s law
____________ is a neurological disorder that impairs a persons ability to perceive or recognize faces – also known as face blindness.
prosopagnosia
Wavelength is to _______________ as amplitude is to _______ .
hue, brightness
Put the following in order:
Ganglion Cells (Optic nerve) Bipolar Cells Receptor cells (rods and cones) Visual cortex Thalamus
receptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, thalamus, visual cortex
Sensation is the ____________ by which our senses, like vision, hearing and smell receive and relay outside stimuli.
bottom-up
Long wavelengths are most associated with
red
Which stage(s) of Sleep are known as Slow Wave Sleep (SWS)?
Stages 3 and 4
The following stage of sleep is associated with sleep spindles and k-complexes
Stage 2
The surest way to disrupt the biological clock is to damage the:
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
Melatonin is released by the
Pineal Gland
The study of dreams is known as ______________ – a mix of neuroscience and psychology
oneirology
Which of the following is NOT a current theory of why we sleep?
Sleep is a time for wish fulfillment in the form of dreams
Night terrors are associated with
Deep or Slow-Wave Sleep
Narcolepsy may be caused by deficiency of the neurotransmitter ______________
hypocretin
Which brain area is LESS active during sleep?
Parietal Lobe
Bright light in the evening disrupts the sleep cycle so much because light is the primary _________________ for humans
Zeitgaber
Which theory of dreaming proposes that dreams are the random results of whichever neurons happen to be activated by the pons?
Activation – Synthesis Theory
Somnambulism is associated with
Slow Wave Sleep (SWS)
Experiencing nightmares about a traumatic event, avoiding reminders of it, and exaggerated startle response are symptoms of:
ptsd
Which of the following is characterized by extreme physiological arousal?
panic disorder.
People with “locked-in syndrome,” lack the ability to produce any body changes, therefore, most report feeling:
tranquility
Which of the following hormones is released by the adrenal gland during stress?
cortisol
Studies that consider the role of social support in health suggest that:
social support may buffer some of the adverse effects of stress.
Individuals with pure autonomic failure:
have diminished intensity of emotion, but still report cognitive aspects of it.
According to the James-Lange Theory, we experience emotion:
after we experience autonomic arousal.
Benzodiazepines relieve anxiety by facilitating transmission of:
GABA.
Voodoo death refers to:
a case wherein a healthy person dies apparently because he believes that a curse has been put on him.
Increases in aggressive behavior are associated with a drop in:
serotonin release.
