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Kinesiology 2 (PT 732) > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

wrist flexion ROM

A

0-80 degrees

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2
Q

wrist extension ROM

A

0-70 degrees

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3
Q

radial deviation ROM

A

0-25 degrees

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4
Q

ulnar deviation ROM

A

0-35 degrees

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5
Q

wrist open pack position

A

neutral flex/ext with slight ulnar deviation

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6
Q

wrist closed pack position

A

full extension

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7
Q

wrist capsular pattern

A

flexion/extension equally limited

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8
Q

wrist flexion end feel

A

firm

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9
Q

wrist extension end feel

A

firm

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10
Q

wrist ulnar deviation end feel

A

firm

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11
Q

wrist radial deviation end feel

A

firm to hard

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12
Q

TFCC components

A
  • triangular fibrocartilage disc
  • dorsal/palmar radioulnar ligaments
  • ulnar collateral ligament complex (includes palmar ulnocarpal ligaments)
  • meniscus homologue
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13
Q

wrist muscle with largest CSA:

A

flexor carpi ulnaris

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14
Q

wrist flexors have greatest torque at:

A

40 degrees flexion

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15
Q

wrist muscle with largest moment arm for ulnar deviation:

A

extensor carpi ulnaris

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16
Q

longest to shortest moment arms for flex/ext of wrist muscles

A
  1. flexor carpi ulnaris
  2. flexor carpi radialis
  3. extensor carpi radialis brevis
  4. extensor carpi radialis longus
  5. extensor carpi ulnaris
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17
Q

longest to shortest moment arm for RD/UD of wrist muscles

A
  1. extensor carpi ulnaris
  2. extensor carpi radialis longus
  3. flexor carpi ulnaris
  4. extensor carpi radialis brevis
  5. flexor carpi radialis
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18
Q

phases of opposition:

A
  1. abduction

2. flexion with medial rotation

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19
Q

posterior (dorsal oblique CMC ligament becomes taut with:

A

flexion/abduction

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20
Q

what ligament facilitates medial rotation at the CMC joint?

A

posterior (dorsal) oblique CMC ligament

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21
Q

what motion does the anterior (volar) oblique ligament facilitate?

A

lateral rotation with extension/adduction at the CMC

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22
Q

what structure contributes most to the stability of the distal radioulnar joint?

A

triangular fibrocartilage complex

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23
Q

orientation of the distal radius:

A

distal articulating surface for the carpus has a palmar tilt

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24
Q

orientation of finger MCPs

A

axes offset; tilted toward the ulnar side

-encourages distal positioning of the fingers toward thenar eminence to improve grip

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25
Q

thumb CMC open pack position:

A

midway between abd/adduction and midway between flex/ext

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26
Q

thumb CMC closed pack position:

A

full opposition

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27
Q

thumb CMC capsular pattern

A

abduction more limited than extension

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28
Q

finger CMC open pack position:

A

midway between flex/ext

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29
Q

finger CMC closed pack position

A

full flexion

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30
Q

finger CMC capsular pattern:

A

equal limitation in all directions

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31
Q

thumb MCP open pack position:

A

slight flexion

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32
Q

thumb MCP closed pack position:

A

full opposition

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33
Q

thumb MCP capsular pattern

A

flexion more limited than extension

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34
Q

finger MCP open pack position

A

slight flexion

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35
Q

finger MCP closed pack position

A

full flexion

36
Q

finger MCP capsular pattern

A

flexion more limited than extension

37
Q

forearm supination

A

0-80 deg

38
Q

forearm pronation

A

0-80 dg

39
Q

finger MCP abd

A

0-20 deg

40
Q

finger MCPflex

A

0-90 (115) deg

41
Q

finger MCP ext

A

0-30 deg

42
Q

finger PIP ext/flex

A

0-90 (120)

43
Q

finger DIP ext/flex

A

30-0-90

44
Q

thumb CMC abd

A

0-45 deg

45
Q

thumb CMC flex

A

0-35 deg

46
Q

thumb CMC ext

A

0-15 deg

47
Q

thumb MCP flex

A

0-60 deg

48
Q

thumb MCP ext

A

0-10 deg

49
Q

thumb IP flex

A

0-70 deg

50
Q

thumb IP ext

A

0-20 deg

51
Q

CMC finger joints

A
  • plane joint (gliding)
  • motion essential for forming volar arch (grip)
  • increasing mobility radial to ulnar side
52
Q

MCP finger joints type

A

-biaxial

53
Q

finger PIP joint type

A

uniaxial hinge

54
Q

finger DIP joint type

A

uniaxial hinge joint

55
Q

thumb MCP joint type

A

condyloid (biaxial)

56
Q

thumb CMC arthrokinematics:

A

flex/ext: concave on convex

ab/add: convex on concave

57
Q

arthrokinematics for thumb MCP flex/ext:

A

roll and glide in the same direction

58
Q

tightness of flexor digitorum superficialis potential for:

A

claw hand

59
Q

flexor digitorum profuncus is ____ than flexor digitorum superficialis:

A

50% stronger

60
Q

flexor digitorum profundus tightness potential for:

A

claw hand

61
Q

tightness of flexor pollicis longus potential for:

A

ape hand

62
Q

largest flexion pulleys of the finger:

A

2 and 4

-attach to proximal and middle phalanges

63
Q

finger flexion pulleys 1, 3, 5 attach to:

A

volar plates

64
Q

purpose of synovial sheaths:

A
  • protects tendons by reducing friction

- nutrition diffusion to tendons

65
Q

torque differences of CMC, MCP, PIP

A
  • torque and each joint decreases with distal progression
  • decreasing moment arm since thicker bone proximal
  • distal bones hug bone closer=small moment arm
66
Q

effect of torn/cut pulleys:

A

-longer moment arm for flexion but bowstringing causes active insufficiency

67
Q

tenodesis grip:

A

using tight finger flexors from a spinal cord injury for grip

68
Q

juncturae tendinae:

A
  • connective tissue structures that go from tendon to tendon to help keep things in place
  • tighten motion between digits
69
Q

interossei fuse with:

A

lateral bands of the extensor mechanism

70
Q

oblique fiber bundles of dorsal hood insert into:

A

lateral bands

71
Q

flexion at PIP effect on extensor mechanism:

A
  • tension on central tendon

- slacks lateral bands for ability to flex DIP

72
Q

flexion of DIP effect on extensor mechanism:

A
  • tension on lateral bands

- slack of central tendon and ability to flex at PIP

73
Q

which intrinsic muscle has best moment arm for MCP flexion?

A

lumbricals

74
Q

which head of the adductor pollicis has the greatest torque?

A

oblique head

75
Q

opponens pollicis action:

A

medially rotates thumb

76
Q

which intrinsic has the greatest torque advantage?

A

interossei:

-greater pCSA

77
Q

intrinsic plus:

A

-lumbrical, interosseous and hypothenar tightness can lead to MCP flexion and IP extension

78
Q

extrinsic plus:

A

-contraction of extrinsic finger muscles

79
Q

phases of finger extension:

A
  1. intrinsics muscle activation
  2. PIP joint extends
  3. oblique retinacular ligament stretched4. DIP joint extends
80
Q

the oblique retinacular ligament is taut with:

A

extension of DIP and PIP joints

81
Q

central band

A
  • attaches to the dorsal side of the base of the middle phalanx
  • backbone of extensor mechanism
  • transmits extensor force from extensor digitorum across the PIP joint
82
Q

lateral bands

A
  • divide of central band and fuse to dorsal side of distal phalanx
  • transmit extensor force form the extensor digitorum, lumbricals, and interossei across the DIP and PIP
83
Q

triangular ligament:

A

loosely connects lateral bands dorsally

84
Q

dorsal hood:

A
  • transverse fibers: connect extensor tendon with palmar plate at the MCP joint
  • oblique fibers: course distally and dorsally to fuse with lateral bands
  • stabilize extensor digitorum tendon, form sling around proximal phalanx, transfer force from intrinsics to lateral bands
85
Q

oblique retinacular ligament

A
  • connect fibrous digital sheaths to lateral bands

- helps coordinate movement between the PIP and DIP joints

86
Q

the intrinsics of the hand attach into:

A

the extensor mechanism via the oblique fibers

87
Q

what does wrist flexion do during finger extension?

A

helps maintain optimal length of the extensor digitorum

Kinesiology 2 (PT 732) (5 decks)

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