Exam 2 Flashcards
Amplification
Increase in sound
Attenuation
Filtration of sounds
Resonant Frequency
An object’s natural vibrating frequency
Half-open tube
Vocal tract (half open tube) is coupled with larynx (forced vibration) and amplifies sounds that are near its resonant frequencies and attentuates sounds that are not near its resonant frequencies
Resonator
Filter
Low Pass Filter
Below some cut off pass through
High Pass Filter
Above some cut off
Bandpass FIlter
Lets through frequencies between a low and high cut off frequency
Broad-band
Filter attenuates all frequencies
Bandwidth
Range of frequencies that a band pass filter responds to.
Max (upper cutoff) - Min (lower cutoff)
Center Frequency = Min + ½ * BW
*Responds to = create some amplification or pass through with little or no attenuation
Narrowly Tuned Resonator
Acoustic resonator that responds only to a relatively small range of frequencies
Broadly Tuned Resonator
Acoustic resonator that responds to a broader range of frequencies
Which tends to be more damped, narrowly or broadly tuned resonators?
Broadly tuned
Damping
How fast it comes down in amplitude
On average, a person whose vocal folds have greater mass will have _____________, compared to a person whose vocal folds have smaller mass
lower fundamental frequency
A person who has a shorter vocal tract will have _______, compared to a person with a longer vocal tract
higher forman frequency
Increasing the F0 will cause_______
harmonics to be spaced farther apart
Changing F0 causes a change in _____
- input spectrum only
- transfer function only
- output spectrum only
- transfer function and output spectrum
- both input and output spectra
both the input and output spectra
Decreasing the length of the vocal tract would cause a change in __________
- input spectrum only
- transfer function only
- output spectrum only
- transfer function and output spectrum
- both input and output spectra
The transfer function and the output spectrum
Decreasing the length of the vocal tract would cause _____________
- harmonics to be spaced closer together
- harmonics to be spaced farther apart
- formants to be spaced closer together
- formants to be spaced farther apart
