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Astronomy > Exam #2 > Flashcards

Exam #2 Flashcards

1
Q

TERRESTRIAL planets in order of semi major axis from SMALLEST to LARGEST

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

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2
Q

TERRESTRIAL planets in order of PLANET SIZE from LARGEST to SMALLEST

A

Earth, Venus, Mars, Mercury

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3
Q

Which lists the JOVIAN planets in order of SEMI MAJOR AXIS from SMALLEST to LARGEST

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

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4
Q

JOVIAN planets in order of PLANET SIZE from LARGEST to SMALLEST

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

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5
Q

Which is the largest object with the most moons?

A

Jovian Planets

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6
Q

Jovian planets are mostly made of

A

Hydrogen and helium like the sun

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7
Q

How do astronomers know what a planets atmosphere is made of?

A

They looked at a spectrum and matched the unique color barcodes to lab results

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8
Q

What trait of a planet determines its length of day

A

Rotation rate

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9
Q

What trait of a planet determines its length of year

A

Orbit semi-major axis

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10
Q

How does a terrestrial planet first get an atmosphere?

A

Active volcanoes release gas

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11
Q

“The atmosphere is crushing me and I think my suit is being disolved by acid. It’s hot but really dark even though the sun is up. I got to walk up a volcanoes”

A

Venus

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12
Q

“I thought this was earth but when I took my helmet off I couldn’t breathe. Anyway I’m in a dusty desert and I don’t think any rain has fallen in ages. Even though the sun is up it’s really cold.”

A

Mars

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13
Q

“I’m floating near a yellowish planet. Take your time getting me, since the view is great because of the spectacular rings.”

A

Saturn

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14
Q

“I’m floating near a huge striped planet with a large red storm. I think one of the moons near me just had a volcano go off.”

A

Jupiter

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15
Q

What would have helped Venus avoid the runaway greenhouse effect”

A

Having plate tectonics

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16
Q

Jupiters core is hotter and it has more liquid metallic hydrogen than Saturn because Jupiter

A

Has more mass than Saturn

17
Q

Why are Uranus and Neptune blue colored and Saturn and Jupiter are not

A

They have methane (an ice) in their atmosphere

18
Q

Jupiters moon Io is so incredibly volcanic because it

A

Is heated by tidal forces

19
Q

The Roche limit for a planet is the

A

Closest a moon can get before the planets tidal forces rip it apart

20
Q

Compared to Jupiter, Saturn is ___ so it’s clouds form __ in the atmosphere

A

Colder, deeper

21
Q

What would have helped mars stay Earth like for longer?

A

Being more massive “like a large turkey terrestrial”

22
Q

Venus’ surface is very hot because

A

It has a strong greenhouse effect

23
Q

A comet that has a semi major axis of 35 AU is located in the…

A

Kuiper belt

24
Q

Which region has objects with the largest orbital periods?

A

Oort cloud

25
Q

How would we get mercury to be reclassified as a dwarf planet?

A

Put in the asteroid belt

26
Q

Pluto is considered a dwarf planet because

A

It hasn’t cleared out the other small bodies in the region of its orbit

27
Q

Comets only have tails when…

A

They’re close to the sun

28
Q

True or false: an asteroid is just a comet nucleus without a tail

A

False

29
Q

Kuiper belt orbits are tilted by how many degrees

A

No more than 45 degrees

30
Q

Port cloud orbits are tilted by how many degrees

A

By any possible inclination

31
Q

We determine an objects mass by measuring

A

It’s orbital period and orbit size and apply Kepler 3rd law

32
Q

What is the difference between an asteroid and a comet

A

An asteroid is made of rock and metal while a comet is made of ice and some rock

33
Q

Dwarf planets are made of

A

Rock and ice

34
Q

Which observation helps us learn the age of our solar system

A

Radioactive dating of asteroids and meteorites show they are 4.5 billion years old

35
Q

What observation suggests that the planets migrated?

A

Other stars are found to have Jovian planets orbiting very close to their star

36
Q

The gas cloud from which the sun formed was made mostly of

A

Hydrogen and helium

37
Q

In the disc that would become our solar system, Jovian planets formed ____ where there were a lot of solid particles

A

Outside the frost line

38
Q

In the disc that would become our solar system, Terrestrial planets formed ____ where there weren’t as many solid particles

A

Between the scoot line and the frost line

39
Q

Stages in formation of solar system

A 
1- collapse
2- baking
3- accretion
4- fusion
5- migration

Astronomy (5 decks)

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