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Gross Anatomy > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

5 muscles that originate on the vertebral column or skull

A 
Trapezius
Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid Minor
Levator Scaula
Latissimus Dorsi
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2
Q

Trapezius:
Origin - (4)
Insertion - (2)
Actions - (3)

A

Trapezius:
Origin - External Occipital Protuberance (EOP), Superior nuchal line, Ligamentous nuchae and C7-T12

Insertion - Clavicle and Acromion Process/Spine of Scapula

Actions - Stabilize Scapula, (upper) Elevate Scapula, (mid/lower) Adduct/Depress Scapula

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3
Q

Trapezius Nerve Supply:
Motor…
Sensory…

A

Motor innervation from Spinal Accessory Nerve (XI)

Sensory innervation from C3 and C4

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4
Q

Trapezius weakness can lead to… (2)

A

Deepening of shoulder

Shoulder drops

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5
Q

Rhomboid major and minor are (deep/superficial) to the trapezius.

A

Deep

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6
Q

Rhomboid Major:
Origin -
Insertion -

A

Origin - Spines of Upper Thoracic Vertebrae

Insertion - Vertebral Border of Scapula

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7
Q

Rhomboid Minor:
Origin -
Insertion -

A

Origin - Spines of lower cervical and first thoracic

Insertion - Vertebral border of scapula

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8
Q

Muscle deep to the trapezius on the side of the neck

A

Levator Scapula

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9
Q

Levator Scapula:
Origin - (1)
Insertion - (2)
Actions - (3)

A

Origin - Transverse Process of Upper Cervicals

Insertion - Superior Angle/Proximal Medial Border of Scapula

Actions - Elevate/Adduct/Stabilize Scapula

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10
Q

Innervation of Rhomboids and Levator Scapula

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

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11
Q

Damage to the Dorsal Scapular Nerve and/or C5 would result in… (2)

A

Difficulty completely adducting scapula

Scapula sits further from midline

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12
Q 
Latissimus Dorsi:
Origin - (4)
Insertion - (1)
Actions - (2)
Nerve Supply (1)
A

Origin - Spines of lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, Thoracodorsal Fascia, Crest/Ilium, Lower Ribs

Insertion - Intertubercular Groove of Humerus

Actions - Extends/Adducts/Medial-Rotate Humerus, Forced Expiration

Nerve Supply - Thoracodorsal (C6, C7, C8)

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13
Q

Depression found at the LOWER portion of the latissimus dorsi…
Three landmarks…
Significance…

A

Lumbar Triangle
Latissimus Dorsi, Ilium Crest, External Oblique
Location of posterior abdominal wall hernia

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14
Q

Depression at the SUPERIOR border of the latissimus Dorsi…
Three landmarks…
Significance…

A

Triangle of Auscultation
Latissimus Dorsi, Trapezius, Vertebral Border of Scapula
Where lung sounds can be heard

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15
Q

Broad muscular sheet that passes posteriorly around thoracic cage from an extensive costal attachment to a more limited scapula attachment.

A

Serratus Anterior

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16
Q 
Serratus Anterior:
Origin:
Insertion:
Actions: (3)
Nerve Supply:
A

Origin: Upper 8 or 9 ribs
Insertion: Vertebral Border of Scapula
Actions: Stabilize and Abduct Scapula, Forced Inspiration (when humerus abducted)
Nerve Supply: Long Thoracic (C5, C6, C7)

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17
Q

Winged Scapula

A

Long Thoracic Nerve Palsy

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18
Q

Signs of Long Thoracic Nerve Palsy… (2)

A

Vertebral Border of Scapula Raised from posterior thoracic wall.
Difficulty raising the arm overhead

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19
Q

Three causes os long thoracic nerve palsy

A

Trauma/Subluxation
Traction Injuries involving shoulder
Recumbency (for an extended period)

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20
Q

6 Scapular Muscles

A 
Deltoid
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres Minor
Teres Major
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21
Q

4 rotator cuff muscles

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres Minor

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22
Q

Large muscle forms the roundness of the shoulder and is divided into three portions, each with a different origin and actions.

A

Deltoid

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23
Q 
Deltoid:
Origin: (3)
Insertion:
Actions (3)
Nerve Supply:
A

Origin: Clavicle, Acromion Process, Spind of Scapula
Insertion: Deltoid Tuberosity of Humerus
Actions Supply: Flex + Medially Rotate Humerus, Abduct Humerus, Extension + Laterally rotate humerus
Nerve Supply: Axillary Nerve (C5 & C6)

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24
Q

Atrophy of the deltoid (_______ ________).

Due to…

A

Crutch Paralysis

(due to) Axillary Nerve Injury

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25
Q

Three causes of axillary nerve injury (deltoid atrophy)

A

Fracture surgical neck of humerus
Dislocation of shoulder joint (humerus/scapula)
Pressure of a crutch in the axilla

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26
Q

Loss of sensation may occur over the _______ aspect of the ____ with an axillary nerve injury (deltoid atrophy)

A

LATERAL aspect of the ARM

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27
Q 
Supraspinatus:
Origin:
Insertion:
Actions: (3)
Nerve Supply:
A

Origin: Supraspinatus Fossa of Scapula
Insertion: Greater Tuberosity of Humerus
Actions: Initiate Abduct of Humerus, Laterally Rotate Humerus, Stabilize Shoulder
Nerve Supply: Suprascapular (C5/C6)

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28
Q

Supraspinatus:
Lies _______ to the trapezius.
Tendon of insertion passes under the _______ _______ and over the top of the ________ to reach its insertion on the ________
Its tendon of insertion is separated from the acromion process by the _________ and _________ bursa.

A

DEEP to trapezius.
Tendon of insertion passes under the ACROMION PROCESS and over the top of theSHOULDER to reach its insertion on the HUMERUS.
Its tendon of insertion is separated from the acromion process by the SUBACROMIAL and SUBDELTOID BURSA.

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29
Q

Rotator Cuff Tendonitis: (2)

A

Irritation and inflammation of the supraspinatus tendon.

Also known as SHOULDER IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME.

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30
Q

Common causes of rotator cuff tendonitis (5)

A 
Genetic
Weakness around rotator cuff
Excess stress/repetition
Trauma/Injury
Calcium Deposits
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31
Q

Rotator Cuff Tear:
Tendon usually ruptures at or near…
Creates difficulty carrying out… (action)

A

rupture at or near INSERTION

difficulty with ABDUCTION of ARM

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32
Q

Drop Test:

A

Test of rotator cuff tear.

Lower the fully abducted limb slowly - limb will drop suddenly if torn.

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33
Q

Bursitis of Supraspinatus:

A

Inflammation of bursa that separates the tendon from the acromion process (SUBDELTOID and SUBACROMIAL)

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34
Q

Muscle often used with the teres minor

A

Infraspinatus

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35
Q 
Infraspinatus:
Origin:
Insertion:
Actions: (2)
Nerve Supply:
A 
Infraspinatus:
Origin: Infraspinatus Fossa of Scapula
Insertion: Greater Tuberosit of Humerus
Actions: Laterally Rotates Humerus, Stabilize Shoulder Joint
Nerve Supply: Suprascapular (C5 and C6)
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36
Q

Muscle that occupies the ventral surface of the scapula.

A

Subscapularis

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37
Q 
Subscapularis:
Origin:
Insertion:
Actions: (2)
Nerve Supply: (2)
A

Subscapularis:
Origin: Axillary Border of Scapula
Insertion: Lesser Tuberosity of Humerus
Actions: Medial Rotates Humerus, Stabilizes shoulder joint
Nerve Supply: Upper and Lower Subscapular (C5 and C6)

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38
Q

A narrow muscle which is found parallel to the axillary border of the scapula, between the infraspinatus and the trees major.

A

Teres Minor

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39
Q

The trees minor can sometimes be fused with the __________

A

Infraspinatus

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40
Q 
Teres Minor:
Origin:
Insertion:
Actions: (2)
Nerve Supply:
A 
Teres Minor:
Origin: Axillary Border of Scapula
Insertion: Greater Tuberosity of Humerus
Actions: Laterally Rotates Humerus, Stabilizes Shoulder Joint
Nerve Supply: Axillary (C5 and C6)
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41
Q

A well developed muscle which, along with the latissimus dorsi helps form the posterior wall of the axilla

A

Teres Major

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42
Q 
Teres Major:
Origin:
Insertions:
Actions: (2)
Nerve Supply:
A 
Teres Major:
Origin: Inferior Angle of Scapula
Insertions: Medial Lip of the Intertubercular Groove of Humerus
Actions: Adducts/Medial Rotates Humerus
Nerve Supply: Lower Subscapular (C6)
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43
Q

The space between the teres major and minor is divided by…

A

Long Head of Triceps Brachii

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44
Q

The two smaller spaces created by the division made by the long head of triceps brachii

A

Quadrilateral

Triangle

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45
Q

The quadrilateral space contains…

A

Axillary Nerve

Humeral Circumflex Blood Vessels

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46
Q

Triangular Space contains…

A

Circumflex Scapular branch of the Subscapular Artery

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47
Q

Ligaments can be classified as either…

A

Extrinsic (extracapsular)

Intrinsic (intracapsular)

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48
Q

Structure that separates extrinsic and intrinsic ligaments.

A

Capsular Ligament
Extrinsic - Superficial to Capsular Ligament
Intrinsic - Deep to Capsular Ligament

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49
Q

Ligaments prevent movement by acting either as a _____ or as a _____

A

Rope or Wall

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50
Q

Joint by which the upper limb articulates with the axial skeleton.

A

Sternoclavicular Joint

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51
Q

Most stable joint of the upper extremity.

A

Sternoclavicular Joint

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52
Q

SC joint articulates with… (3)

A

Sternal end of the clavicle
Clavicular and costal notches of the sternum
Medial end of first rib

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53
Q

The articulating surfaces of the SC joint are poorly adapted to one another. This is overcome by a piece of cartilage know as the ________ ______.

A

Articular Disc

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54
Q

SC Joint:
Classified as…
The _______ _______ surrounds the joint.
Nerve supply: (2)

A

SC Joint:
Plane Gliding Joint
CAPSULAR LIGAMENT surrounds joint
Nerves: Supraclavicular and Subclavius

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55
Q

Ligaments Associated with the SC Joint:

Anterior and Posterior SC Ligament

A

Reinforces Capsular Ligament
Prevent excessive Protraction/Retraction
Extrinsic Like a Wall

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56
Q

Ligaments Associated with the SC Joint:

Interclavicular

A

Attached to Sternal Ends of Both Clavicles
Prevents displacement when carrying heavy object
Extrinsic like a Rope

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57
Q

Ligaments Associated with the SC Joint:

Costoclavicular

A

Attached to Costal Impression of clavicle and 1st rib
Limits Elevation at medial end
Extrinsic like a Rope

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58
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint:
Joint Type:
Nerve Supply: (3)

A

Acromioclavicular Joint:
Plane Gliding Joint
Nerve Supply: Dorsal Scapular, Suprascapular, Axillary

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59
Q

Ligaments of the Acromioclavicular Joint:

Superior and Inferior Acromioclavicular

A

Reinforces Capsular Ligament
Keep clavicle in contact with acromion process
Extrinsic like a rope

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60
Q

Ligaments of the Acromioclavicular Joint:

Coracoclavicular

A

Connects clavicle with coracoid process
Divided into CONOID and TRAPEZOID portion
Extrinsic like a rope

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61
Q

Dislocation of the Acromioclavicular Joint is know as… (2)

A

Shoulder Separation

Shoulder Pointer

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62
Q

Joint that has the greatest range of motion.

A

Glenohumeral Joint (Shoulder)

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63
Q 
Glenohumeral Joint:
2 articulation points:
Fibrocartilage Rim:
Type:
Nerve Supply: (2)
A 
Glenohumeral Joint:
2 articulation points: Head of Humerus/Glenoid Cavity of Scapula
Fibrocartilage Rim: Glenoid Labrum
Type: Ball and Socket
Nerve Supply: Axillary and Suprascapular
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64
Q 
Ligaments of the Should Joint:
Capsular Ligament (2)
A

Surrounds Joint

Opening in inferior lateral portion where long head of biceps brachii

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65
Q

Ligaments of the Shoulder Joint:

Glenohumeral (1)

A

Prevents lateral rotation of the humerus

*Most limited movement of shoulder

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66
Q 
Ligaments of the Shoulder Joint:
Transverse Humeral (1)
A

Keeps long head of biceps brachii in place

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67
Q

Ligaments of the Shoulder Joint:

Coracohumeral (1)

A

Limits lateral rotation of the humerus

68
Q

Ligaments of the Shoulder Joint:

Coracoacromial (1)

A

Attaches Coracoid Process and Acromion Process

69
Q

The suprascapular ligament is a small ligament which spans the _______ ______

A

Scapular Notch

70
Q

Most common dislocation of the shoulder

A

Anterior Dislocation

71
Q

3 anterior arm muscles

Nerve Supply:

A

Biceps Brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
Nerve Supply: Musculocutaneous Nerve

72
Q

Most superficial muscle of the anterior arm

A

Biceps Brachii

73
Q

Biceps Brachii:
Short Head: (location/origin)
Long Head: (location/origin)

A

Short Head: Medial… Coracoid Process of Scapula (origin)

Long Head: Lateral… Supraglenoid Tubercle of Scapula (origin)

74
Q

Biceps Brachii:
Insertion: (2)
Actions: (3)

A 
Insertion: Tuberosity of Radius and Shaft of Ulna
Actions: 
Flexion of forearm at elbow
Supinator of forearm (prime mover)
Short Head: Adducts Humerus
Long Head: Abduct Humerus
75
Q

Rupture of the long head of the biceps brachii can change its appearance and also be known as…

A

Popeye Deformity

76
Q

Bicipital Reflex:
Tested by…
Tests for segmental innervation of…

A

Bicipital Reflex:
Tested by TAPPING BICEP TENDON NEAR INSERTION.
Tests for segmental innervation of C5 and C6.

77
Q

Two muscles of the posterior arm

A

Triceps Brachii

Anconeus

78
Q

Segmental innervation of triceps brachii

A

C7 and C8

79
Q

_______ _______ is the main arterial supply for the arm.
This is a continuation of the ________ artery and divides into its two terminal branches - ______ artery and _______ artery at the _______ ______

A

BRACHIAL ARTERY is the main arterial supply to the arm.
This is a continuation of the AXILLARY artery and divides into its two terminal branches - ULNAR artery and RADIAL artery at the CUBITAL FOSSA

80
Q

Pulse can be be taken from the brachial artery in the ________ _______

A

Bicipital Furrow

81
Q

Branches of the Brachial Artery: (2)

A 
Brachial Profundus (Deep Brachial)
Superior and Inferior Ulnar Collaterals
82
Q

Brachial Profundus (Deep Brachial):
____ branch.
Begins…

A

1st Branch

Begins just DISTAL to the TERES MAJOR muscle.

83
Q

Superior and Inferior Ulnar Collaterals:
These vessels are given off…
They take part in the Arterial _________ around the medial aspect of the elbow joint.

A

These vessels are given off at the DISTAL MEDIAL aspect of the brachial artery.
They take part in the Arterial ANASTOMOSIS around the medial aspect of the elbow joint

84
Q

Pneumatic cuff used to take blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer

85
Q

First and second readings of blood pressure

A

Systolic Pressure - First sound after as pressure is released
Diastolic Pressure - Absence of sound

86
Q

_____ ______ _____ - Prominent venous arch on the back of the hand.

A

Dorsal Venous Arch

87
Q

_______ _____ - Comes off of the lateral aspect of the dorsal venous arch and continues proximally in the lateral aspect of the forearm and arm, where is terminates and drains in the ______ _____.

A

Cephalic Vein drains into the Axillary Vein

88
Q

______ _____ - Come off of the medial aspect of the dorsal venous arch and continues proximally in the medial aspect of the forearm and arm, where it joins with the ______ _____ to form the ______ _____.

A

Basilic Vein joins with the Brachial Veins to form the Axillary Vein

89
Q

______ ______ ______ - The most prominent cutaneous vein of the body and formed from branches given off by both the _______ and _______ veins as they cross the elbow region.

A

Median Cubital Vein (most prominent)

… formed from branches given off by both the CEPHALIC and BASILIC veins

90
Q

Where blood is usually taken from

A

Median Cubital Vein

91
Q

Injury to the musculocutaneous nerve results in…

A

Atrophy of anterior arm muscles, but NOT total loss of forearm flexion - Other muscles not supplied my the musculocutaneous nerve can carry out weak flexion.

92
Q

Along with atrophy of the anterior arm muscles from a musculotcutaneous nerve injury, there may also be loss of sensation along the lateral aspect of the forearm because the _______ __________ _________ _______ is a branch of the musculocutaneous.

A

Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve

93
Q

3 borders of the cubital fossa

A

Lateral - Brachioradialis Muscle
Medial - Pronator Teres Muscle
Proximal - Level of the Epicondyles of the Humerus

94
Q

4 important structures found in the cubital fossa

A

Median Nerve
Brachial Artery
Tendon of the Biceps Brachii
Median Cubital Vein

95
Q

The elbow complex includes which 2 structures.

A

Elbow Joint

Proximal Radial-Ulnar Joint

96
Q

Nerve supply to the elbow joint

A

Musculocutaneous
Radial
Median
Ulnar

97
Q

4 ligaments of the elbow

A

Capsular
Lateral or Radial
Medial or Ulnar
Annular

98
Q

Capsular Ligament:

  • Loose anteriorly and posteriorly to permit…
  • Strong to limit…
  • Attachments on… (which bones)
A

Capsular Ligament:

  • Loose anteriorly and posteriorly to permit MAXIMUM FLEXION and EXTENSION
  • Strong to limit MEDIAL and LATERAL MOVEMENTS
  • Attachments on HUMERUS and ULNA
99
Q

Lateral Ligament:

  • Runs from… to…
  • Prevents…
A

Lateral Ligament:

  • Runs from LATERAL EPICONDYLE to the ANNULAR LIGAMENT
  • Prevents ADDUCTION
100
Q

Medial Ligament:

  • Runs from… to…
  • Prevents…
A

Medial Ligament:

  • Runs from MEDIAL EPICONDYLE to PROXIMAL part of ULNA.
  • Prevents ABDUCTION
101
Q

Annular Ligament:

  • Forms a…
  • Attached to the…
  • Keeps… in place.
A

Annular Ligament:

  • Forms a RING AROUND the HEAD of the RADIUS.
  • Attached to the margins of the RADIAL NOTCH of the ULNA
  • Keeps the HEAD of the RADIUS in place
102
Q

Three possible injuries to the ulnar nerve from a dislocation at the elbow.

A

Stretched or Lacerated
Entrapped in scar tissue
Entrapped in new bone formation

103
Q

Carry angle
Females:
Males:
Increased Angle:

A

Females: 15 degrees
Males: 5-10 degrees
Increased Angle: Cubitus Valgus

104
Q

Proximal Radial-Ulnar Joint
Classification:
Ligaments: (2)

A

Proximal Radial-Ulnar Joint
Classification: Pivot/Trochoid Joint
Ligaments: Interosseous Membrane and Oblique Cord

105
Q

Nursemaid’s Elbow: (1)

Ligament that can be damaged?

A

Subluxation of the Head of the Radius

Annular Ligament

106
Q

Radius:

  • _______ bone (joint type)
  • Articulates with the _______ and _______ to form the wrist joint
A

PIVOT Bone

Scaphoid and Lunated to form the wrist joint

107
Q

Cartilage that separates the ulna from the wrist.

A

Articular Disc of the Wrist

108
Q

Ossification of the Radius and Ulna:

A

Both have one primary ossification center for the shaft and two secondary ossification centers (one at each end)

109
Q

Ossification of Radius:
First Appears: (distal and proximal)
Fusion with Shaft: (distal and proximal)

A 
First Appears: 
1-2 years - Distal
4-7 years - Proximal
Fusion with Shaft:
20-24 years - Distal
14-17 years - Proximal
110
Q

Ossification of Ulna:
First Appears: (distal and proximal)
Fusion with Shaft: (distal and proximal)

A 
First Appears:
4-7 years - Distal
9-11 years - Proximal
Fusion with Shaft:
20-24 years - Distal
14-17 years - Proximal
111
Q

Fractures to the radius and ulna are usually due to severe and direct trauma and produce a _________ fracture to the…

A

TRANSVERSE fracture to the SHAFT OF BOTH BONES

112
Q

Colles Fracture: (2)

A

Fracture of the distal end of the radius.

One of the most common fractures in adults, especially women over 50 due to osteoporosis.

113
Q

Ossification of Carpal Bones: (5 stages)

- Ossification is completed by…

A 
Capitate, Hamate
Triquetral
Lunate
Trapezium, Trapezoid, Scaphoid
Pisiform
- Completed by 14-16 years of age
114
Q

How can age of a child be determined?

A

Carpal Bones
Females - birth to 17
Males - birth to 18-19

115
Q

Longest metacarpal

A

2nd metacarpal

116
Q

Two functions of sesamoid bones

A

Protect/Stabilize Tendon

Change angle of tendons as they pass to their insertion (increase leverage)

117
Q

Most commonly fractured carpal bone -

How much force does it take to fracture -

A

Scaphoid

Twice as much force needed to fracture the radius

118
Q

Variation in blood supply to the scaphoid can cause a fracture to lead to…

A

Degenerative arthritis

119
Q

Structure that can be injured from a hamate fracture

A

Ulnar Nerve

120
Q

Boxer’s Fracture

A

Fracture of the 5th metacarpal

121
Q

Anterior SUPERFICIAL Forearm Muscles

A

Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Palmaris Longus
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

122
Q

Pronator Teres Insertion

A

Pronator Ridge of Radius

123
Q

Pronator Teres Syndrome: (1)

Due to: (2)

A

Compression of the median nerve between the heads of the pronator teres.
Due to:
Direct Trauma
Excessive pronation/supination

124
Q

Weakness of the flexor carpi radialis can cause an abnormal type of flexion known as…

A

Ulnar Deviation

125
Q

Palmaris Longus is missing in about ___% of the population

A

15%

126
Q

Two actions of palmaris longus

A

Flexion at wrist

Tightens palmar aponeurosis which help with palmar grip

127
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris:
Origin: (2)
Insertion: (3)

A

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon process of ulna
Insertion: Pisiform, Hamate, 5th metacarpal

128
Q

Weakness of the flexor carpi ulnaris results in an abnormal type of flexion known as…

A

Radial Deviation

129
Q

Anterior INTERMEDIATE Forearm Muscle(s)

A

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

130
Q

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis:
Origin: (2)
Insertion: (1)
Actions: (2)

A 
Origin:
Medial Epicondyle of Humerus
Shaft of Radius
Insertion: Middle Phalanges of Digits 2-5
Actions:
Flex PIP joint of digits 2-5
Flexion at wrist
131
Q

Deep Anterior Forearm Muscles

A

Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Flexor Pollicis Longus
Pronator Quadratus

132
Q

Flexor Digitorum Profundus:
Origin: (2)
Insertion: (1)
Actions: (2)

A 
Origin:
Shaft of Ulna
Interosseous Membrane
Insertion: Distal Phalanges of Digits 2-5
Actions:
Flex DIP joints of digits 2-5
Flexion of wrist
133
Q

Flexor Pollicis Longus:
Origin: (2)
Insertion: (1)
Action: (1)

A 
Origin:
Shaft of Radius
Interosseous Membrane
Insertion: Distal Phalanx of Digit 1
Action: Flex digit 1 and IP joint
134
Q

Compression neuropathy or injury to the median nerve at the distal part of the forearm

A

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

135
Q

Ape Hand

A

Atrophy of the thenar muscles with loss of opposition

136
Q

Claw Hand

A

Ulnar nerve damage makes it difficult to fully flex digits 4 and 5

137
Q

Guyon Tunnel or Canal Syndrome:

- Damage to the ulnar nerve at the wrist joint where…

A

where it passes between the PISIFORM and HOOK of the HAMATE

138
Q

Cyclists or Handlebar Neuropathy

A

Guyon Tunnel or Canal Syndrome due to bicycling with the hands hyperextended of the hand grips

139
Q

Superficial Posterior Forearm Muscles:

A 
Brachioradialis
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Extensor Digitorum Maximus
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
140
Q

Repetitive use of the superficial posterior forearm muscles can lead to…

A

Lateral Epicondylitis or Tennis Elbow

141
Q

Condition resulting with an individual unable to extend the distal interphalangeal joint

A

Mallet or Basesball Finger

142
Q

Deep Posterior Forearm Muscles

A 
Supinator
Abductor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor Indicis
143
Q

Supinator:
Origin: (2)
Insertion: (1)

A 
Origin:
Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus
Supinator Crest of Ulna
Insertion:
Shaft of Radius
144
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus:
Origin: (2)
Insertion: (1)
Action: (1)

A 
Origin:
Shaft of Ulna and Radius
Interosseous Membrane
Insertion: First Metacarpal
Action: Abduct Digit 1 and CM Joint
145
Q

Extensor Pollicis Brevis:
Origin: (2)
Insertion: (1)

A

Origin:
Shaft of Radius
Interosseous Membrane
Insertion: Proximal Phalanx of Digit 1

146
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus:
Origin: (2)
Insertion: (1)

A

Origin:
Shaft of Ulna
Interosseous Membrane
Insertion: Distal Phalanx of Digit 1

147
Q

Floor of snuffbox is formed from… (3)

A

Styloid Process of Radius
Scaphoid
Trapezium

148
Q 
Tenosynovitis Stenosans (Dequervain's Disease): (1)
- More common in... which may be related to...
A

Inflammation of the tendons of the Abductor Pollicis Longus and Extensor Pollicis Brevis

  • More common in WOMEN OVER 50, which may be related to HORMONE CHANGES that occur with MENOPAUSE
149
Q

Extensor Indicis:
Origin: (2)
Insertion: (1)

A

Origin:
Shaft of Ulna
Interosseous Membrane
Insertion: Proximal Phalanx of Digit 2

150
Q

Most lateral terminal branch of the brachial artery

A

Radial Artery

151
Q

Distal Radial-Ulnar Joint:
Joint Classification:
Nerve Supply:

A

Joint Classification: Pivot or Trochoid

Nerve Supply: Radial

152
Q

Ligaments that unite the distal ends of the radius and ulna.

- They prevent ________

A

Anterior and Posterior Transverse Ligaments

- They prevent SUPINATION

153
Q

Ligament that attaches the ulnar notch and the styloid process of the ulna

A

Articular Disc (Ligament)

154
Q

Joint that unites the hand and forearm: (1)
Articulation: (5)
Classification:
Nerve Supply: (3)

A

Radiocarpal (wrist) Joint
Articulation: Distal end of Radius, Articular Disc with the Scaphoid, Lunated and Triquetral
Classification: Condyloid
Nerve Supply: Median, Radial, Ulnar

155
Q

Dorsal and Palmer Radiocarpal Ligaments attach superiorly to the _______ and inferiorly to the _______ and ______

A

superiorly - RADIUS

inferiorly - SCAPHOID and LUNATE

156
Q

Palmar Ulnocarpal Ligament attaches the ______ to the _______ and _______

A

ULNA to SCAPHOID and LUNATE

157
Q

Ulnar and Radial Collateral Ligaments attach…

A

STYLOID PROCESS of the ULNA and RADIUS to the CARPAL BONES on the respective sides

158
Q

________ ________: Strong fibrous band of deep fascia extending across the posterior aspect of the wrist.
- Main function -

A

Extensor Retinaculum

- Prevents “Bowstringing” of Extensor Tendons

159
Q

Shortening and hypertrophy of the palmar aponeurosis

A

Dupuytren’s Contracture

160
Q

Classification of Interphalangeal Joints

A

Ginglymus Joints

161
Q

Classification of Carpometacarpal Joint of Digit One

A

Universal Joint

162
Q

Classification of Intermetacarpal Joints

A

Plane Gliding Joints

163
Q

Classification of Intercarpal Joints

A

Plane Gliding Joints

164
Q

Classification of Interphalangeal Joints

A

Ginglymus Joints

165
Q

Skier’s Thumb

A

Rupture or laxity of the collateral ligaments of the MP joint of digit 1

Gross Anatomy (5 decks)

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