Exam 2

Question 1

Multifidis muscle atrophy will spontaneously recover within 6 months after low back pain symptoms subside.

Answer 1

True

False

answer F

Question 2

Proper activation of the local cervical muscle system is equally and effectively accomplished with either a nodding maneuver or a chin tuck maneuver.

Answer 2

True

False

answer F

Question 3

Proper activation of the transverses abdominis by your patient requires:

Answer 3

1. 	
    Aggressive hollowing of the abdomen
    	2. 	
    Performance of an anterior pelvic tilt
    	3. 	
    Active flexion of the lumbar spine
    	4. 	
    Mild drawing-in of superficial abdominal tissue

answer 4

Question 4

Which of the following terms is defined as “the sway boundaries in which an individual can maintain equilibrium without changing his or her base of support”?

Answer 4

a.

Center of Mass
	b. 	

Center of Pressure
	c. 	

Center of Gravity
	d. 	

Limits of stability

answer d

Question 5

When a hip strategy is used for balance control in response to a posterior displacement, which muscle groups are activated and in what sequence?

Answer 5

a. Abdominals followed by quadriceps
b.

Quadriceps followed by abdominals
	c. 	

Paraspinals followed by hamstrings
	d. 	Ankle muscles, followed by hip flexors, followed by hamstrings

answer a

Question 6

Which of the following systems provides the body with information about the position and motion of the head with respect to gravity and inertial forces?

Answer 6

a. Vestibular
b. Visual
c. Somatosensory
d. Musculoskeletal

answer a

Question 7

Benefits of Strength Training include:

Answer 7

1. 	
    Increased in rate of muscle fatigue
    	2. 	
    Decreased muscle endurance
    	3. 	
    Increased strength of connective tissue
    	4. 	
    Decreased bone density

answer 3

Question 8

Of the following, which is the most effective way to improve muscle endurance?

Answer 8

a.
Have the patient train on an isokinetic dynamometer at fast speeds only
b.
Have the patient train using dynamic exercise against submaximal loads over progressively longer time periods
c.
Have the patient exercise against maximal resistance for a limited number of repetitions
d.
Have the patient train by using isometric exercises against resistance
answer b

Question 9

For control of balance the nervous system is responsible for which of the following?

Answer 9

a.

Motor strategies, vestibular input, and ankle range of motion
	b. 	

Visual, Vestibular, and Somatosensory input
	c. 	

Adaptive and Anticipatory postural adjustments
	d. 	

Muscle force production and environmental factors
	e. 	

Sensorimotor integrations, motor strategies, adaptive mechanisms, anticipatory mechanisms, and sensory processing.

answer e

Question 10

A patient you are working with has difficulty maintaining a conversation while walking with their cane. The most appropriate intervention to instruct the patient in is:

Answer 10

a. Provide the pateint with a walker
b. Practice walking in the parallel bars while naming cities they have visited
c. Instruct the pateint to concentration on walking and try not to speak
d. Practice standing on foam with a narrow base of support and counting backwards

answer b

Question 11

Your patient with neck pain is lying supine. You ask him to lift his head off of the table. He performs the head lift, leading with his chin. You would accept his performance as an acceptable activation of his deep neck flexors.

Answer 11

True

False

answer F

Question 12

You are watching a classmate attempting to teach a patient proper multifidus muscle contraction. While lying prone, she lifts her head slightly while attempting to lift her R arm. You and your classmate note a strong muscle contraction while palpating about 1 inch to the left of the lumbar spinous process of L4. Your classmate reports that this response as an acceptable contraction of the multifidus. Do you view this assessment as accurate (true) or inaccurate (false)?

Answer 12

True

False

answer F

Question 13

To strengthen the posterior tibialis using manual resistance, have the patient assume a long sitting position on a table or mat. Support and hold the lower leg with one hand and:

Answer 13

a.

Apply resistance to the plantar and medial surfaces of the foot at the first metatarsal as the patient plantar flexes and inverts the ankle and foot.
	b. 	

Apply resistance to the plantar and lateral surfaces of the foot at the fifth metatarsal as the patient plantar flexes and everts the ankle and foot.
	c. 	

Apply resistance to the dorsal and medial surfaces of the foot at the first metatarsal as the patient dorsiflexes and inverts the ankle and foot.
	d. 	

Apply resistance to the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the foot at the fifth metatarsal as the patient dorsiflexes and everts the ankle and foot.

answer a

Question 14

Your patient has significant limitation in right shoulder external rotation. As you perform stretch interventions to improve ROM, you also need to develop strength in which of the following agonists?

Answer 14

a.

Apply resistance to the plantar and medial surfaces of the foot at the first metatarsal as the patient plantar flexes and inverts the ankle and foot.
	b. 	

Apply resistance to the plantar and lateral surfaces of the foot at the fifth metatarsal as the patient plantar flexes and everts the ankle and foot.
	c. 	

Apply resistance to the dorsal and medial surfaces of the foot at the first metatarsal as the patient dorsiflexes and inverts the ankle and foot.
	d. 	

Apply resistance to the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the foot at the fifth metatarsal as the patient dorsiflexes and everts the ankle and foot.

answer a

Question 15

Your patient has significant limitation in right shoulder external rotation. As you perform stretch interventions to improve ROM, you also need to develop strength in which of the following agonists?

Answer 15

a.

Subscapularis
	b. 	

Anterior deltoid
	c. 	

Infraspinatus
	d. 	

Pectoralis minor

answer c

Question 16

Static balance is accurately defined as the ability to move one’s center of gravity outside the base of support.

Answer 16

True

False

answer F

Question 17

You perform a manual muscle test of the lumbar extensors. From the results of this test, you can accurately determine the atrophy status of the lumbar multifidus.

Answer 17

True

False answer F

Question 18

Which of the following activities would be most appropriate for a client who suffered a mild ankle sprain 1 week ago and wishes to return to high school volleyball?

Answer 18

1. Seated active ROM for dorsiflexion and plantaflexion.
   2.Partial Squats in Standing
   3.Plyometric jumping from a 18 inch tall box down to the floor and back up
   4.Side to side jumping on a carpeted clinic floor

answer 2

Question 19

The posterior scalenes function as local stabilizers of the cervical spine.

Answer 19

True

False

F

Question 20

Of the following choices, which is the most appropriate position and maneuver to strengthen the R lower trapezius muscles of a patient with moderate COPD and occasional breathing difficulty?

Answer 20

1. Prone on plinth with diagonal arm lift from hanging arm position
   2.Standing UE foreward elevation with the arm at the 2 o’clock position
   3.Supine with R shoulder flexed to 90 degrees - push fist to ceiling
   4.Sitting - active abduction of R shoulder

2

Question 21

Safe and effective stretching to increase ROM requires all of the following except:

Answer 21

a.

Proper alignment and patient positioning
	b. 	

Stabilization of the distal attachment of the muscle
	c. 	

Use of gained ROM in active function
	d. 	

Strengthening of the agonist

B

Question 22

Your patient is holding a piece of elastic tubing with both hands in front of the body. Both elbows are flexed to 90°, and both upper arms are held gently against the sides of the patient’s chest. Instruct the patient to internally and externally rotate both shoulders simultaneously in this position. This activity strengthens the:

Answer 22

a.

Internal rotators concentrically and eccentrically
	b. 	

External rotators concentrically and internal rotators eccentrically
	c. 	

External rotators concentrically and eccentrically
	d. 	

Internal rotators concentrically and external rotators eccentrically

C

Question 23

Your patient is lying supine and you are strengthening the iliopsoas on the (R) using manual resistance. The main reason you would want to place the patient’s (L) hip and knee in flexion (foot planted on the table) is to:

Answer 23

a.

Stretch the erector spinae muscles in the lumbar region of the back
	b. 	

Improve the mechanical efficiency of the iliopsoas on the (R)
	c. 	

Stabilize the pelvis in a neutral to posteriorly rotated position to lessen the possibility of an anterior pelvic tilt occurring, placing stress on the low back
	d. 	

Place the pelvis in a slight anterior tilt so the trunk is more stable and the iliopsoas can generate greater tension

C

Question 24

You are treating a patient with balance impairments that you are determined are a result of core muscle weakness. You determine that you would like to have your patient sit on a therapy ball and practice maintaining their balance while reading an eye chart. Which balance control mechanism is being targeted during this therapeutic activity?

Answer 24

A.

Autonomic postural control reaction
	B. 	

Feed forward or an open loop motor control 
	C. 	

Closed loop motor control
	D. 	

anticipatory motor control

C

Question 25

You are working with a high level athlete who is working on returning to their sport of basketball. During their therapy you are working on their jump shot. During the loading phase of their jump when they are quickly lowering their body by flexing their hips and knees while dorsiflexing their ankles which strategy is being utilized?

Answer 25

A.

ankle strategy
	B. 	

Hip strategy
	C. 	

stepping strategy 
	D. 	

suspension strategy

D

Question 26

You are treating a patient who has acquired a brain injury. As a result of the brain injury their field of vision and vestibular systems are compromised. You have a limited time to address BOTH systems. Which of the following therapeutic activities BEST addresses both system impairments?

Answer 26

A.

Walking sideways on the balance beam
	B. 	

Create a pathway that has compliant surfaces and alternating targets for the patient to scan and identify 
	C. 	

Practice alternating toe tapping onto a step
	D. 	

Maintaining tandem stance while reaching for bean bags and tossing them into a bucket

B