Exam 1

Question 1

The preferred location for testing the S1 dermatome would be the

Answer 1

a. Lateral aspect of the foot.
b. Dorsum of the foot.
c. Medial aspect of the foot.
d. Anterior aspect of the lower leg.

answer a.

Question 2

The resisted motion for testing the C5 myotome would be

Answer 2

a. Shoulder elevation/shrug.
b. Shoulder abduction.
c. Elbow flexion.
d. Elbow extension.

answer b.

Question 3

The purpose of a scan exam is to determine:

Answer 3

a. The source of a patient’s symptoms.
b. The presence of red or yellow flags.
c. The location for an in-depth examination.
d. The need to refer to another practitioner.
e. All of the reasons listed above.

answer e.

Question 4

A patient demonstrates increased reflex response on the right patellar tendon when compared to the normal reflex response on the left. This hyper-reflexia should be recorded in the note as a grade of

Answer 4

a. 0
b. 1+
c. 2+
d. 3+
e. 4+

answer d.

Question 5

Your patient has a painful joint in her R LE. When she steps on that limb, she leans to the right. Your suspect that the involved joint is which of the following?

Answer 5

1. Hip
2. Knee
3. Ankle
4. Foot

answer 1.

Question 6

The determinant of gait that results in management of the movement of the COG in the frontal plane is:

Answer 6

1. Lateral pelvic tilt
2. Knee flexion in stance
3. Lateral displacement of the pelvis
4. Transverse plane rotation of the pelvis

answer 3.

Question 7

Your patient ambulates by externally rotating his left lower limb to 90 degrees as he tries to advance his limb at the initiation of swing phase. This movement method is a common substitution for weakness of which of the following muscle groups?

Answer 7

1. Hip external rotators
2. Knee extensors
3. Ankle dorsiflexors
4. Hip flexors

answer 4

Question 8

A flat-back posture in standing and during ambulation is a result of tightness of which of the following structures?

Answer 8

1. Ankle dorsiflexors
2. Erector spinae muscles
3. Hip extensors
4. Knee extensors

answer 3

Question 9

During a scan exam, the purpose of providing overpressure is to:

Answer 9

a. apply additional tissue stress to a joint that moved through a full ROM without pain
b. to determine neurological involvement
c. to determine the strength of a motion at the particular joint being tested
d. all of the above

answer a.

Question 10

You notice that your patient shows significant hyperextension of one knee during the mid through late portions of the stance phase while walking. This gait deviation is most likely the result of which of the following impairments?

Answer 10

a. Weak ankle evertors
b. Tight hamstrings
c. Weak ankle plantarflexors
d. Tight gluteus maximus

answer c.

Question 11

Moving the forefoot in a side to side manner while stabilizing the calcaneus is appropriate to test the movement of which joints?

Answer 11

1. Subtalar joint
   2. Midtarsal joint oblique axis
   3. Midtarsal joint longitudinal axis
   4. Intermetatarsal joints

answer 2.

Question 12

Dorsal gliding of the proximal row of carpals at the radiocarpal joint will likely improve the osteokinematic motion of

Answer 12

1. wrist flexion
2. wrist extension
3. forearm pronation
4. forearm supination

answer 1.

Question 13

Your patient lacks osteokinematic dorsiflexion in his foot. You would mobilize with which of the following techniques?

Answer 13

1. lateral glide of calcaneus
   2. posterior glide of talus
   3. joint compression
   4. anterior glide of talus

answer 2.

Question 14

If your patient has lost shoulder abduction secondary to capsular restriction, which glide would be best to improve on this motion deficit?

Answer 14

1. superior glide
   2. anterior glide
   3. inferior glide
   4. posterior glide

answer 3

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the open or loose-packed position of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 15

1. 55 degrees ABD with 30degrees Horizontal ADD
   2. 90 degrees GH ABD with full ER
   3. Full GH elevation
   4. Anatomic position

answer 1.

Question 16

Your patient has severe restrictions in wrist motion due to cast immobilization for 12 weeks. Of all the restrictions, ulnar deviation is the most pronounced. Which of the following glides would be best to utilize to improve ulnar deviation at the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 16

1. Dorsal glide of proximal carpal row
   2. Palmar glide of proximal carpal row
   3. Medial glide of proximal carpal row
   4. Lateral glide of proximal carpal row

answer 4.

Question 17

A long section of bone is experiencing a 3 point bend, with the central force application on the superior surface, and the two lateral forces applied to the inferior surface. As a result of all forces applied, which of the following resultant forces will be occurring on the superior surface?

Answer 17

1. Compression
   2. Tension
   3. Torsion
   4. Shear

answer 1

Question 18

The stiffness of a material is denoted by which of the following on a load-deformation curve?

Answer 18

1. Location of yield point
   2. Slope of the curve in the plastic region
   3. Maximum amount of deformation
   4. Slope of the curve in the elastic region

answer 4

Question 19

If a load is applied to a tissue at a rapid rate, how does this compare to loads applied at a slower rate?

Answer 19

1. All of the answers are correct
2. Slower rates have a greater force to tissue failure
3. Faster rates have a more steep slope
4. Faster rates have less energy stored prior to failure

answer 3

Question 20

Deformation due to a constant low load over an extended period of time is a description of:

Answer 20

1. Stress Relaxation
2. Viscoelasticity
3. Creep
4. Hysteresis

answer 3.

Question 21

If a client exhibits inappropriate behavior during a massage, the first step of the seven-step intervention model is to

Answer 21

1. evaluate the patient’s response
   2. stop the session using assertive behavior
   3. re-state your professional boundaries
   4. ask the client to clarify his or her behavior

answer 2.

Question 22

Multifidis muscle atrophy will spontaneously recover within 6 months after low back pain symptoms subside.

Answer 22

True
False

answer F

Question 23

Petrissage is characterized by

Answer 23

1. rhythmical light sliding or gliding over the skin
2. kneading, pressing or rolling tissues under or beneath the hands
3. repetitive rubbing of one surface over another
4. brisk percussive movements

answer 2

Question 24

Which of the following areas should be avoided during massage because the area has little protection and can be easily damaged by massage?

Answer 24

1. anterior triangle of neck
   2. area over greater trochanter
   3. Hamstring tendons
   4. Achilles tendon

answer 1

Question 25

Proper activation of the local cervical muscle system is equally and effectively accomplished with either a nodding maneuver or a chin tuck maneuver.

Answer 25

True
False

answer F

Question 26

Proper activation of the transverses abdominis by your patient requires:

Answer 26

1. Aggressive hollowing of the abdomen
   2. Performance of an anterior pelvic tilt
   3. Active flexion of the lumbar spine
   4. Mild drawing-in of superficial abdominal tissue

answer 4

Question 27

A housekeeping employee who works in your hospital-owned fitness center comes to the PT Department and reports having woken up with severe neck pain today. You as the physical therapist will choose to do which of the following as the most appropriate course of action?

Answer 27

1. Massage her neck with light pressure.
2. Apply pressure to trigger points in her neck and shoulders.
3. Hold massage and refer the patient back to her physician.
4. Gently massage her neck but avoid stretching to the neck and shoulders.

answer 3.

Question 28

Deep effleurage is best applied to broad, large areas like the back or thigh using the physical therapist’s

Answer 28

1. Fingertips
   2. Forearm
   3. Knuckles
   4. Wrists

answer 2

Question 29

Which of the following terms is defined as “the sway boundaries in which an individual can maintain equilibrium without changing his or her base of support”?

Answer 29

a. Center of Mass
b. Center of Pressure
c. Center of Gravity
d. Limits of stability

answer d.

Question 30

When a hip strategy is used for balance control in response to a posterior displacement, which muscle groups are activated and in what sequence?

Answer 30

a. Abdominals followed by quadriceps
b. Quadriceps followed by abdominals
c. Paraspinals followed by hamstrings
d. Ankle muscles, followed by hip flexors, followed by hamstrings

answer a.

Question 31

What are the 4 Effects on ligaments due to 8 weeks of immobilization?

Answer 31

– Decreased stiffness (lesser slope)
– Decreased maximum load to failure (strength)
– Decreased energy absorbed to failure
– Increased deformation (laxity)

Question 32

Movement scale

Answer 32

0-2 = hypomobile
3 = normal
4-6 = hypermobile

Question 33

What are the 7 Accessory Movement Assessment and Treatment Directions

Answer 33

- Distraction
• Compression 
• Anterior glide 
• Posterior glide 
• Medial glide
• Lateral glide
• Rotation

Question 34

what are 5 Indications for Mobilization and Manipulation

Answer 34

• Reduction in joint pain
• Increase in joint mobility
• Decrease muscle spasm
• To reduce a subluxation or dislocation
• To reduce an internal derangement

Question 35

Name Contraindications to Mobilization and Manipulation

Answer 35

• Articular derangement and hypermobility
• Weakened bony status
• Circulatory disturbances
• Disc herniation with neurologic involvement
• Presence of infectious disease
• Active growth plates inchildren and adolescents
• Joint effusion
• Tissue inflammation
• Spasticity

Question 36

if acute pain ,move segment ____

Answer 36

away from pain

Question 37

If sub-acute pain,move segment ____

Answer 37

into direction of pain gradually

Question 38

For stiffness,move segment ________

Answer 38

in direction of stiffness

Question 39

3 Benefits to Joint Mobilization and Manipulation

Answer 39

• Reduction or elimination of pain
• Stimulation of formation of synovial fluid
• Stretching of non-contractile and contractile tissue

Question 40

Tendon Reflexes

Answer 40

Biceps = c5,c6
triceps = c7, c8
knee = L3,L4
achilles = S1

Question 41

Reflex grading

Answer 41

4+ = very brisk, hyperactive with clonus
3+ = brisker than average, slightly hyperreflexic
2+ = normal
1+ = somewhat diminished, low normal
0+ = no response, absent

Question 42

What happens during a normal Babinski test?

Answer 42

for adults, toes curl down.

for babies, toes fan apart.

Question 43

Ataxia

Answer 43

uncoordinated. Wide range. Scissoring,

wide gait, disjointed. cerebellum