Exam 2 Flashcards
T/F: Plants w/aerenchyma in roots are adapted to drought conditions
false
T/F: Long day plants flower when the dark period
False
U.S. cold hardiness zones are defined by expected avg. winter temps
false
As relative humidity increases, the amount of water lost by plants decreases
true
Less than 1% of solar radiation reaching the earth is converted into chemical energy by photosynthesis
true
Name two cool season horticultural species
broccoli and azalea
Name two warm season horticultural species
tomato and corn
Name two horticultural crops in which GMO varieties are available
Corn and apples
What are the five elements that make up climate?
Temp, precipitation, sunlight, humidity, and wind
Auxins
Hormones that cause apical dominance; synthetic versions used to root cuttings
Softwood
Cuttings taken in late spring from new succulent growth.
Cytokins
Hormones that promote cell division, slow down leaf senescence, and stimulate callus growth in tissue culture.
scarification
Breaking dormancy in seeds by breaking the seed coat w/acid or rough (such as using sandpaper) treatment
stratification
Breaking dormancy in seeds by storing moist seeds at temps. near freezing for one or more months
Ethylene
Hormone that promotes fruit ripening; only type of hormone that is a gas.
Parthenocarpy
Th growth of fruit w/o fertilization of the ovule(s) or after fertilized embryos are aborted
Gibberellins
Hormones that stimulate cell division and/or cell elongation; involved in flower initiation and fruit growth and ripening.
Hypogeal
Emergence in which the cotyledon(s) remain below the soil surface
Senescence
The aging and death of a plant or any of its parts.
Epigeal
Emergence in which the cotyledon(s) are above the soil.
Biennial
A plant that requires two seasons to complete its life cycle
Monocarp
A plant that lives for many years but flowers only once and then dies
Semi-hardwood
Cuttings taken in summer from partially matured new growth of the season
The part of a stem graft that is placed on top is called the:
scion
Propagation in which a long hanging branch is brought into contact w/the soil, covered and allowed to root
layering
Which of the following plants can be propagated by dividing rhizomes
iris
The initial chemical reaction tht begins flowering is called
flower induction
the light sensitive protein that is blue in color and controls photoperiodic responses in plants is called:
phtochrome
The part of the seedling between the radicle and the cotyledons is called:
hypocotyl
When grafting, it is important to line up which part of the two stem pieces?
cambium
In hypogeal emergence in monocots, the first part of the plant to emerge above the soil surface is the:
coleoptile
The triphenyltetrazolium test is used to:
test viability
Plants used as sources for cutting are called :
stock plants
Which of the following is a way that plants respond to low light:
Chlorophyll is stacked at the surface of the leaf
To conduct an official seed germination test, how many seeds should be used?
4 replications of 100 seeds
climate
Patterns of meteorological variation that develop over a large area over man yrs. influenced by continental land masses, mountain ranges, oceans, large lakes
Microclimate
weather conditions around a plant part, plant, or plants. Influenced by buildings, ponds, depressions in ground, etc.
Abscission
The dropping of leaves, flowers, fruits, or other plant parts. Develops where the petiole connects to the stem.
Self-pollination
pollen from same plant or genetically identical plant fertilizes ovule
Photoperiodism
the effect of the daily dark/light ratio on the growth and flowering of plants.
Three factors that can induce the formation of flowers
Self, Photo, and thermal
