Exam #2- 5-8 Flashcards
Most obvious physical change in early childhood
Growth
Average gain of height during early childhood
2.5 inches per year
Average weight gain during early childhood
5-7 pounds
What tissue do girls have more than boys during early childhood?
more fatty tissue
What tissue to boys have more than girls during early childhood?
more muscle
The two most important contributors to height and weight differences around the world
- ethnic origin
- nutrition
In what area of the brain does the most significant and quick growth take place from ages 3-6?
- prefrontal cortex
Prefrontal cortex plays a key role in what?
Responsible for planning, organizing new actions, and maintaining attention to tasks
Change in dendrites during childhood
quality of dendritic connections increase and get bigger
Change in myelin during early childhood
continue to cover and insulate nerve cells
- hand eye coordination areas myelinated at age 4
- focusing attention areas myelination at age 9-12
Gross motor skills changes during early childhood
- develope majorly
- children are running and jumping
- able to climb and walk up and down the stairs
- doing risky stunts
Fine motor skills changes during early childhood
- able to pick up things with their fingers
- movements not smooth
- as they grow functions become improved and smooth
How children’s eating behaviors are influenced
- surroundings
- screen time
- parents
- etc.
How to help a parent who is struggling to get their child to eat vegetables?
- consistency
- model good behavior
- make meal time pleasant
- minimize distractions
- give praise to child
Risk of being overweight
85%- 94%
Overweight
95%-96%
Obese
97% or above
How often should children engage in physical activity
- physical activity everyday
- 3 hours per day, 60 min of moderate to vigorous
Piagetian stage name for early childhood
Preoperational stage
During preoperational stage
- no mental reverse actions
- form concepts and begin to reason
Egocentrism
inability to distinguish between own perspective and someone else’s
Animism
Belief something not real can do or say something
- getting mad at the sidewalk for tripping you
Centration
centration of attention on one characteristic to the exclusion of all others
- focusing on one specific thing and not others
Conservation
the awareness that if something changes in appearance it doesn’t change it basic properties
- unable to irreverse
- liquids in two cups the same size but different shapes