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Biology 1120 > Exam #2 > Flashcards

Exam #2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Plasma Membrane

A

serves as a barrier between internal and external environment

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2
Q

Nucleus

A

Keeps DNA molecules separated from metabolic machinery of cytoplasm

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3
Q

Ribosomes

A

Site of translation (where proteins are assembled)

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4
Q

ER - Rough

A

Processes proteins, makes more membrane

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5
Q

ER - Smooth

A

builds lipids, detoxification, storage

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6
Q

Golgi Body

A

puts finishing touches on proteins and lipids that arrive from ER. Ships to final destination

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7
Q

Vesicles

A

Transport material from organelles and plasma membranes, break down waste and toxins

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8
Q

Mitochondria

A

produce ATP through cellular respiration

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9
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Converts sunlight energy to ATP through photosynthesis

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10
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Function of protein fibers within a cell that define shape and provide strength

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11
Q

Microtubules

A

hollow cylinders composed of repeating subunits of the protein tubulin. allows movement of cells

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12
Q

microfilaments

A

comprised of the protein actin, cell shape, rapid assembly, and disassembly.

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13
Q

intermediate filaments

A

anchor organelles, mechanically strengthen cell, able to resist physical stress

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14
Q

Centrosomes and Centrioles

A

microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) help with cell division

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15
Q

Cilia and Flagella

A

Slender and flexible structures functioning in motility, move the cell or material

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16
Q

Glycocalyx

A

protection, cell-to-cell communication, retain water

17
Q

Cell wall

A

Provides support and protection, in plants

18
Q

Endomembrane system

A

Infolding of membranes formed compartments

19
Q

Endosymbiosis

A

aerobic prokaryotes and photosynthetic prokaryotes were engulfed by other cells

20
Q

Endosymbiotic evidence

A

contains own DNA, make own proteins, replicate own way, process own ribosomes, contain 2 membranes

21
Q

Lysosomes

A

digest large molecules, used in defense

22
Q

Vacuoles

A

Various functions, not in animals

23
Q

Peroxisomes

A

can reproduce on their own, not part of endomembrane system.

Biology 1120 (2 decks)

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