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Athletic Training 101 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Major ways we dissipate heat

A

1) sweating

2) vasodilation/ increased skin blood flow

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2
Q

Thermoregulation occurs where:

A

Hypothalamus

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3
Q

Dehydration of ___% of body weight increases risk for heat illness

A

3%

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4
Q

Heat rash

A

Prickly heat. Redness/ rash. Treatment: allow skin to dry

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5
Q

Heat cramps

A

Result from loss of fluids. Rx: ice bath, stretch, massage

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6
Q

Heat exhaustion

A

Caused by inadequate replacement of fluids lost through sweating.

Collapse
Profuse sweating
Cool, clammy skin
Rapid, weak pulse
Electrolyte drink = watered down 3-4 times, so it can be absorbed faster into the GI tract
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7
Q

Heat stroke

A 
Complete breakdown of thermoregulation
Core temp > 106 degrees
Disorientation/ loss of conciousness
Flushed, hot skin
No sweating, hot skin
Rapid strong pulse
First 45 mins are critical to cool the body
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8
Q

Ankle joint

A

Talocrural joint

Tibia, fibula, talus

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9
Q

ATF - Anterior talofibular ligament

A

Most commonly sprained ligament in ankle. Lateral ankle sprain. Plantar flexion and inversion

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10
Q

High ankle sprain

A 
Anterior tib-fib ligament. Syndesmotic sprain
MOI- dorsiflexion and twisting
Severe Eversion
Often need boot
More serious
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11
Q

Jones fracture

A

Fracture to proximal 1/3 of 5th metatarsal

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12
Q

Deltoid ligament

A

Medial side of ankle

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13
Q

Medial retinaculum

A

Holds tendons in place.

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14
Q

Inversion sprains

A

80-85% of ankle sprains

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15
Q

Perineus brevis (peroneal tendons)

A

Insert at the base of the 5 metatarsal

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16
Q

Muscle origin

A

Fixed attachment

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17
Q

Insertion

A

Moves with contraction

18
Q

2 most common fractures to the base of the 5th metatarsal

A

Jones fracture

Avulsion fracture

19
Q

Hypothermia defined

A

Body temp below 95%

20
Q

Achilles’ tendon rupture

A

Happens to middle aged/older ppl
Requires surgery to be sewn back together
Good blood supply, heals well with immobilization

21
Q

Convection heat transfer

A

Transfer of heat by circulation of wind or water. Also the way that heat is transferred in the blood

22
Q

Tom dick and Harry

A

3 key tendons that pass behind the medial malelous
Tom- posterior tibialis (inserts on navicular bone)
Dick- flexor digitorum longus
Harry- flexor hallucis longus

23
Q

Stress fracture

A

Most common:

Tibia, metatarsals, and navicular bone

24
Q

Shin splints

A

Umbrella:
Broad and diffuse pain
Medial tibial stress syndrome- soft tissue injury
Compartment syndrome (anterior compartment)
-acute
-chronic

25
Q

Acute Anterior lateral compartment

A 
Moi- kicked in the shin
Swelling has no where to go
Shiny, waxy, swollen skin
Medical emergency
Drop foot
26
Q

Knee

A 
Tibiofemoral joint (true knee joint)
Patella femoral joint (patella glides in femoral groove
27
Q

MCL tear

A

More common than LCL tear

MOI- valgus force from outside of knee

28
Q

Iliotibial band (IT band)

A

Hip to insertion on anterior tibia

29
Q

ACL

A

Prevents anterior translation of tibia on the femur

30
Q

PCL

A

Prevents tibia from sliding posterior on femur

31
Q

Lateral meniscus

A

“O shaped” and smaller

32
Q

LCL tear

A

Less common

Varus force comes from inside of the knee

33
Q

Valgus force

A

Force from outside of knee

Knock knee’d

34
Q

Effusion

A

Swelling within a joint

35
Q

Osteochondritis dissecans

A

OCD lesions

Lesions to the weight bearing surface of the knee

36
Q

O’donoghue’s triad

A

ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus

37
Q

Anterior knee pain

A

Prepatellar bursitis - turf knee

Patellar tendonitis- jumpers knee

38
Q

Patellofemoral pain

A

Patellar subluxation:
Large q-angle
Lack of Quad and core strength

39
Q

Q-angle

A

Line drawn from ASIS to central patella
Female: 18%
Males: 13%

40
Q

Osteitis pubis

A

Chronic inflammatory condition that occurs at the bony ends of the pubic bones

Athletic Training 101 (4 decks)

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