Exam 2

Question 1

Why did the US initially remain neutral in WWI?

Answer 1

Equal Trade

Question 2

Sides of WWI

Answer 2

Triple Alliance (Germany, Italy, Astro-Hungary)

Triple Entente (G. Britain, France and Russia)

Question 3

What brought US into WWI

Answer 3

USW unrestrained submarine warfare

Question 4

Lusitania

Answer 4

British passenger ship torpedoed through USW by Germany because it was believed to be carrying weapons (it was)

Question 5

Sussex Pledge

Answer 5

Germany pledged to stop using USW in 1916 because US involvement would tilt the war

Question 6

What officially brought the US into WWI?

Answer 6

Zimmerman note- 1917 telegram from Germany to Mexico urging Mexico to join the Triple Alliance in return for help to reclaim lands lost through the Mexican-American War

Question 7

Wilson’s idea of a post WWI world

Answer 7

14 Points- increased international government and coperation

Question 8

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 8

Ended WWI though it was never ratified by US (League of Nations never created)

Question 9

Solemn Referendum

Answer 9

Election between Wilson and Harding- Harding elected showing that the US public wanted nothing to do with Wilson’s ideas but instead wanted Harding’s “Return to Normalcy”

Question 10

Wilson’s reelection campaign format

Answer 10

1. US should be a global leader
2. World should be made safe for democracy
3. Establishment of League of Nations

Question 11

Proof of Interwar Isolationism

Answer 11

1. Rejection of the Versailles Treaty
2. Solemn Referendum (election of Harding)
3. International Court of Justice
4. Immigration
5. Barriers to trade

Question 12

Interwar Immigration reforms

Answer 12

Immigration Act (1924) and Emergency Quota Act (1921): sharpest restrictions country has ever seen

Question 13

Interwar barriers to trade

Answer 13

Fordney- McCumber Tariff (1922): establishes 38% tax on goods entering US

Question 14

How did interwar isolation end?

Answer 14

Pearl Harbor

Question 15

Timeline of events that led to WWII

Answer 15

1931: Japan invades Manchuria
1933: Hitler elected Chancellor (re-militarization)
1935: Italy invades Ethiopia
1936: Hitler invades Rhineland
1939: Fascists win Spanish Civil War

Question 16

How did the world react to the events leading to WWII?

Answer 16

Intense nuetrality

Question 17

Reasons why the US remained neutral at the start of WWII?

Answer 17

1. Great Depression (domestic issues)
2. New Deal (FDR needed to focus on one problem)
3. Psychological (Europeans addicted to war)
4. The Merchants of Death (1934)

Question 18

What led to the attack on Pearl Harbor?

Answer 18

Sino-Japanese War

• War threatened open door policy
• Japan attacks French Indo-China
• US issues oil embargo
• Japan has two options
  
  1. Attack Dutch West Indies
  2. Surprise attack Pearl Harbor

Question 19

Main dispute that began the Cold War

Answer 19

US believed democracy and international institutions should be promoted but Russia saw this as imperalism

Question 20

Reasons why Cold war never became hot

Answer 20

1. Bipolar (most stable international system)

2. Nuclear weapons (mutually assured destruction)

Question 21

What was one of the most stable times in recent history?

Answer 21

The Cold War