Exam 2 Flashcards
The concept of “topographical representation” and the role of neuron density in processing sensory information in the cerebral cortex
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What is the left hemisphere more specialized for?
Logical, analytical, and sequential processing (language, fine-motor sequences, arithmetic, algebra, temporal analysis).
What is the right hemisphere more specialized for?
Integration of sensory input and “seeing” the “big picture.”(intuition, perceiving & conceiving the overall “big picture,” geometry).
How significant are the differences in the scores on measures of most cognitive abilities between females and males?
Mean differences in the scores on measures of most cognitive abilities between females and males tend to be small-to-moderate with significant overlap in the score distributions (mean standard deviation of
T/F Structural and functional differences in the hypothalamus and other brain areas are related to sexual behavior, sexual orientation, and gender identity.
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T/F Patients with damage in Wernicke’s area may have difficulty comprehending language and may also speak with “word salad” (which makes little sense).
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T/F The area in the right hemisphere (in most individuals) that is homologous to Wernicke’s area is important for comprehending the prosody in others’ speech?
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What are the temporal and parietal lobes involved in?
The temporal lobes are involved in visual object recognition (i.e., what an object is) and color perception and the parietal lobes are involved in processing the location of visual objects in space.
What is the parieto-temporo-occipital cortex involved in
The parieto-temporo-occipital cortex has multimodal neurons and is involved in sensory integration, in generating knowledge, and in abstraction. The prefrontal cortex continues the abstraction begun in this area.
What can occur with lesions in the “sensory integration” area?
A movement disorder can occur with lesions in the “sensory integration” area makes an important point — the frontal lobe (responsible for formulating,elaborating, and executing motor acts) must generally have precise, highly integrated knowledge before acting.
What do “executive” functions relate to compare to pure “cognitive functions?
Generally, “executive” functions relate to how, if and when an individual will do something while pure “cognitive” functions relate to what & how much an individual knows.
What may occur with dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)?
Cognitive inflexibility and perseveration
What is the DLPFC most responsible for?
The DLPFC is that brain area most responsible for organizing, planning, setting and maintaining goals; and justing that plan according to success or failure..
What else is the DLPFC involved in?
Working memory
What is the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) involved in?
Selective attention (including not being distracted) and in emotions (especially those related to conflict resolution or negative outcomes).
