Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Immunology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Cell associated cytotoxicity occurs in which of the following hypersensitivity reactions?

A

Type 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

mechanism/s for cell damage in type 2 hypersensitivity

A

all of the above

classical complement cascade, activation of natural killer cells, opsonization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Incompatible blood transfusion could induce a hemolytic reaction that results in intravascular lysis of the RBC’s, and release of ______ from lysed cells.

A

Hemoglobulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Antibodies bind to antigens and cause _____

A

all of the above

opsonization, agglutination, neutralization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

______ regions in both chains of antibody are responsible for fixing compliment.

A

Constant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which of the following Immunoglobulin is NOT able to activate the complement system by classic pathway?

A

IgD

IgDenied

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

C1 component of complement has a receptor for which of the following fragments of the immunoglobulin?

A

F-c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which of the following components of the complement primarily undergoes activation in the lectin complement pathway?

A

C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T4 helper cells are able to recognize foreign antigens in combination with which of the following classes of the major histocompatibility complex?

A

class II molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

a fetus can produce immunoglobulins of which of the following classes?

A

IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

this component of complement that is produced during complement activation, is the most important opsonin for activation of phagocytic cells

A

C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which of the following components of complement is called anaphylatoxin?

A

C5a and C3a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

in secondary antibody responses the antibodies of which of the following classes of immunoglobulin is produced most?

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

theoretically, type _____ blood can be donated to all persons because it lacks ______

A

O, antigens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

An example of a type I hypersensitivity is ______

A

atopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Type II hypersensitivities are due to

A

activation of cytotoxic T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

properties of happens include:

A

reactivity but no immunogenicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

an antigen that occurs in various tissues of same species is referred to as

A

alloantigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

antigenic site that bind to antibody are called _____

A

epitopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

small molecules that have antigenic determinant group and are not immunogenic are, ______.

A

Penicillin and catechol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

some bacterial toxins are super-antigens. presence of super antigens in an infection blocks activation of t-cells

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

b- cells have the ability to respond to antigens such as ___________

A

all of the above

protein, polysaccharide, carbohydrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

this antibody has lowest percent in blood circulation and has harmful effect

A

IgE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

the T helper cells produce ______, that stimulates a general increase in the activity of committed B-cells.

A

interleukin- 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

because of the lack of Fc receptor on phagocytic cells, this antibody cannot function as opsonin

A

IgG

26
Q

a cytokine, interleukin-1 produced by ______, activates the T helper cells (mature, and proliferate)

A

Macrophage

27
Q

C3 is not a stable molecule and is constantly undergoing spontaneous low level activation. spontaneous activation of C3 is most likely to happen on cell surface components.

A

true

28
Q

which of the following is antigen presenting cell?

A

dendritic cells

29
Q

Deficiency or low levels of _____ can cause recurrent bacterial infection (pyogenic bacteria).

A

all of the above

C1, C2, C3, C4

30
Q

combination of which of the following components of complement is called membrane attack complex?

A

C5b, C6b, C7b, C8b, C9b

31
Q

in generation of atopic hypersensitivity, fixation of IgE to ______ occurs via the Fc fragment

A

Mast cells and basophils

32
Q

the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is composed of a cluster of genes located ______

A

chromosome 6

33
Q

the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) also known as _______

A

Human Leukocyte antigen (HLA)

34
Q

In which of the following responses T cells are involved?

A

cell mediated response

35
Q

increased concentration of _______ antibody indicate parasitic infetion

A

IgE

36
Q

serum sickness can be caused by ______

A

all of the above

Bee venom, infection of antibiotics, injection of serum

37
Q

antibodies (immunoglobulin) are _____ globulin proteins on the surface of B cells that react specifically with antigen

A

Y (gamma)

38
Q

mechanisms for cell damage in type II hypersensitivity

A

all of the above

classical complement cascade, natural killer cells, opsonization

39
Q

incompatible blood transfusion could induce a hemolytic reaction that results in intravascular lysis of the RBC’s and release of ____ from lysed cells

A

hemoglobin

40
Q

a fetus can produce immunoglobulins of which of the following classes?

A

IgM

41
Q

Protein based antigens require help of special class of ________ to activate B cells

A

Tcells (T helper cells)

42
Q

Which of the following components of compliment is called anaphyatoxin

A

C3a and C5a

43
Q

C1 component of complement has a receptor for which of the following fragments of the immunoglobulin?

A

F-c

44
Q

which of the following components of the complement primary undergoes activation in the alternative complement pathway?

A

C3

45
Q

which of the following components of complement is the most important component that function as opsonin?

A

C3

46
Q

T4 helper cells are able to recognize foreign antigens in combination with which of the following classes of the major histocompatibility complex?

A

Class II molecules

47
Q

B-cells could be activated by an unprocessed antigen

A

false

48
Q

which of the following immunoglobulins is not able to activate the complement system by classic pathway?

A

IgE

49
Q

both chains of antibody (H and L) are held together by _____.

A

Disulfide bond

50
Q

______ in both chain of antibody are responsible for antigen binding

A

V region

51
Q

the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is composed of a cluster of genes located ______

A

Chromosome 6

52
Q

the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) also known as ______

A

human leukocyte antigen (HLA)

53
Q

Class III codes for molecules for ____

A

complement component

54
Q

a fetus is not able to produce IgG class immunoglobulins

A

true

55
Q

which of the following is antigen presenting cell?

A

macrophage

56
Q

an antigen that accord in various tissues of different species is referred to as

A

heterophilic antigen

57
Q

deficiency in the early lectin and classical pathway components ( C1, C2, C4) cause

A

Type III hypersensitivity (immune complex disease)

58
Q

J chain is a glycopeptide chain associated with which of the following immunoglobulin

A

IgA and IgM

59
Q

Properties of happens include

A

reactivity but no immunogenicity

60
Q

in primary response (during early stage) most of the antibodies are the _____ type which is the first class antibody to be secreted by naive plasma cells, later the class of antibody is switched to ______

A

IgA—–, IgG

61
Q

Fab of antibody can clear the infection by

A

Neutralize toxin and Opsonize microbe

62
Q

The IgE (Fc) antibody can bind to certain receptor on the membrane of cells such as mast cells, basophilic and neutrophilic and lymphocyte that mediate inflammation and allergy.

A

false?

Immunology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions