Exam 2

Question 1

In order for T helper and CTLs to function they must be activated. (t/f)

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which major histocompatibility complex (MHC) protein is presents antigen to activate T helper cells?

Answer 2

MHC II

Question 3

Infected antigen presenting cells displaying viral protein on MHC I function to activate primarily which of the following?

Answer 3

CTLs

Question 4

What is the function of CD3 in a T cell receptor?

Answer 4

Intracellular signaling

Question 5

Traditional T cells express what receptors?

Answer 5

αβ

Question 6

What T cell co-receptor is associated with CTLs and functions to strengthen attachment of the TCR to MHC I?

Answer 6

CD8

Question 7

What T cell co-receptor is associated with Helper T cells and functions to strengthen attachment of the TCR to MHC II?

Answer 7

CD4

Question 8

Immature T cells in the thymus only express CD3. (t/f)

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What allows experienced T cells to reactivate without co stimulation?

Answer 9

Maintenance of lipid rafts

Question 10

Th2 bias is normally geared for which of the following?

Answer 10

Parasitic attack in the GI tract

Question 11

Besides a Fas ligand on its cell surface, how else can a CTL kill its target?

Answer 11

Perforin/granzyme B

Question 12

Which of the following is not an example of a secondary lymphoid organ?

Answer 12

Bone marrow

Primary lymphoid organ

Question 13

What are the only 2 examples of Primary lymphoid organs?

Answer 13

Bone marrow and Thymus

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a primary lymphoid follicle?

Answer 14

Island of follicular dendritic cells in a sea of B cells

Question 15

Follicular dendritic cells have receptors that bind which of the following? (pick two)

Answer 15

Compliment protein and Fc region of antibodies

Question 16

What is characteristic of the antigen that follicular dendritic cells catch and display to B cells?

Answer 16

It’s opsonized

Question 17

In a lymph node, proliferating B cells are associated with which of the following?

Answer 17

Germinal center

Question 18

All secondary lymphoid organs have afferent lymph vessels. (t/f)

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Which 2 secondary lymphoid organs do NOT have lymph vessels?

Answer 19

Spleen and Peyer’s patches

Question 20

How do lymphocytes easily leave the blood vascular system and enter the lymph node?

Answer 20

High endothelial venules

Question 21

What area in a lymph node is lined with macrophages?

Answer 21

Marginal sinus

Question 22

The total flow to the spleen per minute consists of ¾ blood flow and ¼ lymph flow. (t/f)

Answer 22

False (ALL blood flow)

Question 23

M cells in Peyer’s patches function to uptake antigen from the GI tract. (t/f)

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Experienced T cell trafficking which restricts them from certain areas depends on what factor?

Answer 24

Expression of certain adhesion molecules.

Question 25

What interleukin from inducible regulator T cells (iTreg) binds to receptors on T cells and blocks co-stimulatory signals normally mediated by CD28?

Answer 25

IL-10

Question 26

Why do “mothers kiss their babies”?

Answer 26

IgA antibodies in breast milk specific for babies pathogens

Question 27

What receptor produced by experienced (old) T cells when bound with B7 makes it harder for these T cells to reactivate?

Answer 27

CTLA-4

Question 28

The lifespan of most immune cells averages from a few days to a few weeks. (t/f)

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Which of the following statements about B7 expressed on an antigen presenting cells (APC) interacting with a T cell is true?

Answer 29

B7 binds to CTLA-4 sends a deactivation signal.

Question 30

What is the negative test maturing T cells must pass in the thymus?

Answer 30

Must NOT recognize self peptides.

Question 31

What 2 types of thymic cells are associated with negative selection test of T cells?

Answer 31

Thymic dendritic cell and Medually thymic epithelial cell

Question 32

B7 binding to CD28 on virgin T cells send what signal?

Answer 32

Activation

Question 33

What is the positive test maturing T cells must pass in the thymus?

Answer 33

Must recognize antigen presented by MHC molecules.

Question 34

What thymic cells are associated with positive selection test of T cells?

Answer 34

Cortical thymic epithelial cells

Question 35

What percentage of maturing T cells pass both selection tests in the thymus and migrate to lymph nodes.

Answer 35

Less than 5%

Question 36

If aberrant T cell escapes deletion in the thymus, what is a common fate of that cell?

Answer 36

Activation induced cell death

Question 37

Which immune cell memory is changeable, depends on what the individual is exposed to and no two people are identical with respect to this type of memory?

Answer 37

Adaptive

Question 38

What cell replaces long-lived plasma cells that die from old age?

Answer 38

Central memory B cells

Question 39

During subsequent attacks, central memory T cells are slow to activate, which protects the body from an abnormally robust response, and helps protect against autoimmune disease. (t/f)

Answer 39

False (quick to activate)

Question 40

During a subsequent attack, how do the symptoms compare to the initial attack?

Answer 40

Lesser than initial attack

Question 41

What process can fine tune memory cell’s BCR increasing affinity to its cognant antigen?

Answer 41

Somatic Hypermutation

Question 42

No two people have the same innate memory. (t/f)

Answer 42

False (Innate memory is essentially the same in all humans)

Question 43

Both memory B and T cells are easier to activate in subsequent attacks. (t/f)

Answer 43

True

Question 44

Which memory cells are inactive?

Answer 44

Memory T cells

Question 45

During the course of an attack, B cells can change the class of antibodies they produce. (t/f)

Answer 45

True

Question 46

Innate memory is primary based on which of the following?

Answer 46

Pattern recognition receptors

Question 47

People who are prone to allergies and asthma typically have what type of Th bias?

Answer 47

Th2

Question 48

Which memory cells continuously produce antibodies?

Answer 48

Long-lived plasma B cells

Question 49

Th1 bias = ? Th2 bias = ? Th17 bias = ?

Answer 49

Il-12 Il-4 Il-6 and TGFb