Exam 2 Flashcards
0
Q
Action at AO joint
A
Flexion and extension (nodding)
1
Q
5 Ds of vertebral artery test
A
Diplopia, dysphasia, dysarthria, dizziness, drop attack
2
Q
Tectorial membrane
A
Covers dens and ligaments
3
Q
Role of alar ligaments
A
Major stabilizers of C1 and C2 especially in flexion and rotation
4
Q
Where is the alar ligament
A
Goes from dens to occipital condyles
5
Q
Primary movement at AA joint
A
Rotation
6
Q
Role of transverse ligament of the atlas
A
Holds dens in atlas
7
Q
Role of facet joints
A
Facilitate flexion and extension
8
Q
Rotation and slide flexion in cervical spine
A
C1+C2 and C7-T1 opposite
C2-C7 same direction
9
Q
Where is greatest mobility in c spine
A
C5-C6
10
Q
Resting position at c spine
A
Between flexion and extension. Neutral
11
Q
Close packed position at c spine
A
Completely extended
12
Q
Function of nucleus pulposus
A
Buffers axial compression
13
Q
Function of annulus fibrosus
A
Withstands tension in disc
14
Q
5 phases of Watkins severity scale neuro deficit
A
- One arm sensory
- Both UE sensory and motor
- Entire one side motor and sensory
- Sensation loss in all limbs
- Motor loss in all limbs
15
Q
What are burners
A
Traction or compression of upper brachial plexus or C5,C6 nerve root
16
Q
Bakodys sign
A
Decrease pain when place hand of affected side on top of head
Usually a C4, C5 problem
17
Q
How patient looks with c spine injury
A
Head tilted and rotated away from affected side
Face tilts up
18
Q
How a hysterical patient looks
A
Head tilted and rotated away from pain
Face tilted down
19
Q
Cluster for thoracic outlet
A
Adson Allen Roos Wright Tinel over supraclavicular
20
Q
Cluster for cervical radiculopathy
A
Upper limb tension test A
Spurlings
Distraction test
Rotation less than 60 degrees
21
Q
Close packed position of GH joint
A
Full abduction and lateral rotation
22
Q
Resting position of GH joint
A
40-55 degrees abduction and 30 degrees horizontal adduction
23
Q
Capsular pattern of GH joint
A
ER, abd, IR
24
What makes up rotator interval
Superior GH ligament, coracohumeral ligament, joint capsule, tendons of supraspinatus and supraclavicular
25
Major stabilizers of GH joint
Superior, middle, and inferior GH ligament
26
Primary support of AC joint
Coracoclavicular ligament
27
Resting position of AC joint
Arm at the side
28
Close packed position of AC joint
90 degrees abduction
29
Capsular pattern of AC joint
Horizontal adduction and full elevation
30
Primary support of SC joint
Costoclavicular ligament and anterior and posterior SC ligament
31
Resting position of sc joint
Arm at side
32
Closed pack position of sc joint
Full elevation and protraction
33
Sprengels deformity
High undescended scapula
| Shoulder abd rom decreases
34
GH painful arc
60-120
35
AC painful arc
170-180
36
Presentation of anterior shoulder instability
Drooping shoulder
| Excessive ST movement in abduction
37
Presentation of posterior shoulder instability
Excessive ST movement in horizontal adduction
38
Limited motions with subacromial bursitis
Abduction and ER
39
Popeyes sign
Long head of biceps is ruptured. Bulge in biceps when muscle is flexed
40
Bankhart lesion
Anteroinferior labrum is torn. Occurs most common with anterior dislocation
41
SLAP lesion
Tear in superior labrum from anterior to posterior
42
Cluster for full thickness rotator cuff tear
Drop arm sign
Painful arc sign
Infraspinatus muscle test
Lag sign
43
Ulnohumeral resting position
70 elbow flexion and 10 supination
44
Ulnohumeral closed pack position
Extension with supination
45
Ulnohumeral Capsular pattern
Flexion then extension
46
Radiohumeral resting position
Full extension and full supination
47
Radiohumeral closed pack position
Elbow flexed to 90 and forearm supinated 5
48
Radiohumeral capsular pattern
Flexion, extension, pronation, supination
49
Superior radioulnar joint resting position
35 supination and 70 flexion
50
Superior radioulnar joint closed pack position
5 supination
51
Superior radioulnar capsular pattern
Equal limitation of supination and pronation
52
Distal radioulnar resting position
10 supination
53
Distal radioulnar close packed
5 supination
54
Distal radioulnar capsular pattern
Full ROM pain at extremes of rotation
55
Function of lateral collateral ligament
Posterolateral stability
56
Function of medial collateral ligament
Valgus instability
57
Characteristics of cubital tunnel
FCU, three ulnar collateral ligament
| Ulnar nerve passes through
58
Gunstock deformity
Cubitus varus in extension because of fracture of supracondylar ridge on distal humerus
59
Functional ROM of elbow flexion
30-130 flexion
50 pronation
50 supination
60
Resting position of Radiocarpal
Neutral with slight ulnar deviation
61
Closed pack position of Radiocarpal joint
Extension with radial deviation
62
Capsular pattern of Radiocarpal joint
Flexion/extension equally limited
63
Resting position of intercarpal
Neutral or slight flexion
64
Closed pack position of intercarpal
Extension
65
Midcarpal joint resting position
Neutral or slight flexion with ulnar deviation
66
Midcarpal closed pack position
Extension with ulnar deviation
67
Swan neck
Flexion of mp and dip. Extension of pip
68
Boutonnière deformity
Extension of MCP and dip and flexion of pip
69
Ulnar drift
Ulnar deviation of digits due to weakening of capsuloligamentous structures of the MCP joint and bowstring of extensor communis tendon
70
Extensor plus deformity
Cannot simultaneously flex MCP and IP
71
Claw fingers
Loss of intrinsics and over action of extrinsics. MCP joints are hyperextended and pip and dip are flexed
72
Trigger finger
Patient attempts to flex fingers, the tendon sticks, and finger lets go with a snap
Results from thickening of flexor tendon sheath
73
Ape hand deformity
Wasting of thenar eminence and the thumb falls back in line with fingers as a result of the pull of the extensor tendons
74
Bishops hand
Wasting of hypothenar muscles of the hand and flexion of 4 and 5 digit
75
Drop wrist
Extensor wrist muscles are paralyzed and fingers cannot be actively extended
76
Z deformity of the thumb
Flexed CMC and hyperextended MCP, partially flexed IP
77
Dupuytrens contracture
Contracture of palmar fascia. Fixed flexion of MCP and pip joint
78
Mallet finger
Result of rupture or avulsion of the extensor tendon where it inserts into distal phalanx resulting in flexed position
79
Green filament marking
Normal 1.65 to 2.83
80
Blue filament marking
Diminished light touch 3.22-3.61
81
Purple filament marking
Diminished protective sensation 3.84-4.31
82
Red filament marking
Loss of protective sensation 4.56-6.65
83
Red-lined filament marking
Above 6.65
84
Resting position of tmj
Teeth slightly apart with lips together
85
Closed pack of tmj
Teeth clenched
86
Capsular pattern of tmj
Limit mouth opening
87
Innervation of tmj disc
Auriculotemporal and masseteric branch of mandibular
88
Function of temporomandibular and lateral ligaments
Restrains lower jaw movement and prevents compression of tissue behind condyle
89
Sphenomandibular and stylomandibular ligaments
Guiding restraints
90
What is central occlusion
Max teeth contact
91
Upper cavity tmj movement
Gliding / sliding
92
Lower cavity tmj movement
Rotation
93
First phase of tmj movement
Roll/ rotation from beginning to midrange
94
Second phase of tmj movement
Glide of mandible and disc
95
Pain on opening of mouth
Extra articular
96
Pain when biting
Intra articular
97
Early click mouth opening
Developing dysfunction
98
Late click mouth opening
More chronic development
99
Disc displacement with reduction
Disk started anterior and when you open mouth it slid into place. Usually one click
100
Reciprocal clicking
Second click is closing of mouth
101
Hard click in jaw
Joint pathology
102
Soft click when closing mouth
Muscles not coordinated
103
What happens when jaw locks
Disc displacement
104
Buccoversion
Underbite
105
Class 1 occlusion
Normal
106
Class 2 malocclusion
Overbite ( horizontal overlap and vertical overlap)
107
Class 3 malocclusion
Underbite
108
Orthognathic
Normal, straight jawed
109
Retrognathic
Receding chin
110
Prognathic
Strong chin in front of vertical line
111
Cranial nerve 1 testing
Olfactory - smell coffee with eyes closed
112
Cranial nerve 2 testing
Optic look at eye chart
113
Cranial nerve 3, 4, 6 testing
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Abducens
Track finger with eyes
114
Cranial nerve 5 testing
Trigeminal
| Clench teeth
115
Cranial nerve 7 testing
Facial
| Make a facial expression
116
Cranial nerve 8 testing
Vestibulocochlear
| Close eyes and repeat what you are saying
117
Cranial nerve 9 and 10 testing
Glossopharyngeal and vagus
| Swallowing
118
Cranial nerve 11 testing
Spinal accessory
| Shrug shoulders
119
Cranial nerve 12 testing
Hypoglossal
| Stick tongue out
120
Type of joint for distal radioulnar
Pivot 1 dof
121
Type of joint Radiocarpal
Ellipsoid
122
Type of joint are both mid carpal
Sellar (saddle) types
123
Type of joint CMC thumb
Sellar joint with 3 dof
124
Type of joint CMC digits 2-5
Plane
125
Capsular pattern of CMC of thumb
Abduction then extension
126
Capsular pattern of CMC fingers
Equal in all directions
127
Resting position of CMC thumb
Between flexion/extension and adduction and adduction
128
Resting position CMC fingers
Between flexion and extension
129
Closed pack position CMC thumb
Full opposition
130
Closed pack CMC fingers
Full flexion
131
Type of joint MCP
Condyloid
132
Resting position MCP
Slight flexion
133
Closed pack position Mcp thumb
Full opposition
134
Closed pack position MCP fingers
Full flexion
135
Capsular pattern MCP
Flexion, then extension
136
Distal transverse arch
Passes through MCP joint and has greater mobility than proximal
137
Longitudinal arch
Runs from carpals to CMC joints
138
Type of joint IP
Hinge joint with 1 dof
139
Closed pack IP
Full extension
140
Resting position IP
Slight flexion
141
Capsular pattern
Flexion then extension
142
Heberdens nodes
Dorsal surface of distal dip
143
Bouchards nodes
Dorsal surface of pip
144
Functional position of wrist
20-35 extension
| 10-15 ulnar deviation
145
Power grip
Used whenever strength or force is primary consideration
146
Hook grasp
All of 2nd and 3rd finger are used as a hook controlled by forearm
147
Cylinder grasp
Thumb is used and entire hand wraps around object. Holding a cup
148
Fist grip
Hand moves around narrow object. Holding a tennis racket
149
Spherical grasp
More opposition and hand moves around sphere. Holding a baseball
150
Characteristics of anatomical snuff box
Bordered by epb and epl. Scaphoid inside
151
Where does radial pulse lie
Between fcr and apl
152
Tunnels of dorsal side of forearm
```
Tunnel 1: apl and epb
Tunnel 2: ecrl and ecrb
Tunnel 3: epl
Tunnel 4: ed and ei
Tunnel 5: edm
Tunnel 6: ecu
```
153
Proximal skin crease
Upper limit of synovial sheaths of flexor tendons
154
Middle skin crease
Radiocarpal wrist joint
155
Distal skin crease
Upper margin of flexor retinaculum
156
Radial longitudinal skin crease
Encircles thenar eminence
157
Proximal transverse carpal arch
Runs across shaft of metacarpals indicating superficial palmar arch
158
Distal transverse arch
Heads of metacarpals
