Exam 2 20 questions

Question 1

Define referred pain

Answer 1

visceral and somatic afferents converge on common spinal cord segments

Question 2

Referred pain pattern (unique ones)

Answer 2

Heart - Medial arm
Diaphragm - Neck at C3-4 lvl

Question 3

Reticular formation structure

Answer 3

Complex network of neurons with large dendritic tree; Major integration & relay center to coordinate vital functions

Question 4

Reticular formation function

Answer 4

1. Control Level of Consciousness
   Ascending Reticular Activating System
2. Modulation of Pain
   Serotonin (Locus Coeruleus) & NE (Raphe Nuclei) released to inhibit nociceptive information at dorsal horn of spinal cord
3. Regulation of Motor Activity
4. Coordinate Vision
   2 Gaze Centers in RF for Rapid Eye Movement
   PPRF - Horizontal Gaze
   riMLF - Vertical Gaze
5. Control ANS Activity
   HR, BP, Respiration

Question 5

location and roles of the anterior association cortex, how it’s assessed

Answer 5

Prefrontal cortex, involved in Executive function;
Test change of approach

Question 6

location and roles of the posterior association cortex, how it’s assessed

Answer 6

Spatial cognition (R side responsible for R&L perception; L side responsible for R)
Facial recogntion, damage = prosopagnosia

Question 7

location and roles of the basomedial association cortex, how it’s assessed

Answer 7

Anterior Cingulate Cortex, emotional processing and problem solving
Assessed by observation

Question 8

Which area of brain damage cause motor aphasia?

Answer 8

Broca’s (L frontal)

Question 9

Which area of brain damage cause sensory aphasia?

Answer 9

Wernicke’s (L parietal-temporal)

Question 10

Which area of brain damage cause global aphasia?

Answer 10

Sylvian language area (L)

Question 11

Which area of brain damage cause motor aprosody?

Answer 11

R frontal

Question 12

Which area of brain damage cause sensory aprosody?

Answer 12

R parietal-temporal

Question 13

Glascow scale

Answer 13

13-15 = mild
9-12 = moderate
<8 = severe