Exam #2 Flashcards
What age would you expect teething or eruption of baby teeth?
5-7 months
How often should growth and development be identified for 12 month infant?
every 2 months
What developmental skill would be appropriate for a 6 month old infant?
holds/brings bottle to mouth
Stairs w/o baby gait and bunk beds are considered?
Safety hazards
Preschool age ranges from?
3-6 years
What behavior would require a referral to a professional?
4 yr old insists on watching bathroom behavior
What age should a child have their first dental visit?
2 yr
What activity would be suspected of a play group of 5 year old children?
playing Doctor with one Doctor and one patient
What age will children differentiate if they are left or right handed?
2-3 yrs
What cognitive task should be attainable by one year?
Feeding themselves
What are average vitals of a Toddler?
Temp: 98-99
Pulse: 90-120
Respirations: 20-30
B/P: 99/64
Why is it important to check B/P in a toddler?
High B/P could be a sign of Polycystic Kidney Disease
What are average vitals of an Infant?
Temp: 97-98.6
Respiratory: 40-60
Heart Rate: 120-160
B/P: 60-80 over 30-45
What are the average vitals of a Preschooler?
Heart Rate: 90-100
B/P: 100/60
Respiration: 22-25
What are the average vitals of a School aged child?
Heart Rate: 90
B/P: 100/60
Respirations: 20
What are the average vital signs of an Adolescent?
B/P: 120/80
HR: 60-100
RR: 12-20
What is considered a choking hazard?
- Small play area items
- Food hazards: candy, popcorn, grapes, seeds, large pieces of meat
- Balloons
How long does the American Academy of pediatrics recommend breastfeeding?
first 6 months of life
Breast Milk feeding
- promotes bonding
- hastens delivery of placenta
- production of colostrum
- “real breastmilk” appears around 3rd day after delivery
Bottle-feeding
- require feeding every 3-4 hours
- never prop a bottle and leave infant
- putting juice or milk in nighttime bottle can lead to dental infections
Weaning and solid foods
- weaning should be done gradually
- solid foods can be introduced after the 5th month
- prioritize iron rich foods (vegetable, meats)
What should you encourage a child to do to improve their dental health?
- encourage good dental hygiene
- proper brushing
What is a sign of sexual abuse in children?
STI symptoms
Moral Development in an Adolescent
- cognitive development is a prerequisite for moral reasoning
- parents influence moral judgement
- positive listening and empathy encourage moral development
- slowly gain an understanding of duty and obligation
- many teens begin to question everything and everyone as they develop their autonomy, this can place them in opposition with adults
What is the psychosocial task of a toddler?
- dresses and undresses self
- possessive of toys
- almost potty trained
What is the thinking style of a toddler?
Preoperational thought:
limited problem solving
Object permanence:
understand that things do not disappear just because they can’t see them
Egocentric view of the world
cannot see the world through any other view than their own
Do not understand time
How many hours of sleep does an Infant need?
Neonate
20-24 hr
1 year old
12 hr
How many hours of sleep does a Toddler need?
11- 14 hr
*bedtime should have ritual
How many hours of sleep does a Preschool age child need?
10-12 hr
may or may not nap
- 30-60 min naps
How many hours of sleep does a School aged child need?
6-11yr old
10-12 hr
How many hours of sleep does an Adolescent need?
Average Teen
8hr
What are Latchkey Children?
children caring for themselves after school
What are signs of developmental delay in an Infant?
- does not respond to loud sounds
- does not smile in response to mothers voice after 3 months
- does not reach or grasp by 4 months
- moro reflex persisting after 4 months
- still has tonic reflex after 5 months
- does not roll over by 5 months
- cannot sit without help by 6 months
- does not stand by 11 months
- cannot learn simple gestures such as waving by 1 year
- cannot point to objects or pictures by 1 year
Symptoms of Chlamydia?
- yellowish vaginal/penile discharge
- painful urination
- spotting after intercourse
Symptoms of Trichomoniasis?
- thin, frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge
- itching
- painful urination + intercourse
- itching/burning/red penis
Symptoms of Genital Herpes?
- genital blisters
- pain
- swollen glands
- vaginal discharge
Symptoms of Gonorrhea?
- may be asymptomatic
- yellow-green vaginal/penile discharge
- painful urination
Symptoms of Syphilis?
- painless ulcer on genitals, lips or anus in early stage
Symptoms of HIV?
- lethargy
- flu like symptoms
- weight loss
- fungal infections
Symptoms of HPV:
- genital warts
- asymptomatic
- cancer of penis, cervix, anus, throat
