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Behavior Modification > exam 2 > Flashcards

exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

define

antecedents

A

stimulus/event that proceeds response

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2
Q

define

establishing operations

A

motivation operations that influence the reinforcing value of stimulus
will influence potency

effective in positive reinforcement and negative punishment

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3
Q

define

ABC model

A

a- antecedent
b- behavior
c- consequence

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4
Q

list

2 examples of the ABC model

b- colin asks for zebra cakes
b- accelorate/dont

A

A- mom is home
b- colin asks for zebra cakes
c- he gets them

A- dad is home
B- colin asks for cakes
C- he doesn’t get them

A-green light
B- press accelorator
c- go to destination avoid bring honked at

a- red light
b- dont press accelorator
c- don’t go yet

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5
Q

define

discrimitive stimulus s^d

A

a cue
reinforce when stimulus present

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6
Q

define

s^ delta

A

point at which the antecedent is not present; bx not reinforced

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7
Q

example

discriminative stimulus and s delta

A

S^d(a) - want colin to say dog
(B) colin says dog
(c)- praise

S^Delta (A) -want other words
B-colin says dog
C- no praise “wrong”

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8
Q

answer

where is stimulus control used

A
  • used in problematic bx

self injury, smoking, alcohol

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9
Q

list

ingredients for respondant conditioning/classical conditioning

A
  1. unconditioned stimulus
  2. unconditoned response
  3. neutral stimulus
  4. condtioned stimulus
  5. condtioned response
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10
Q

define

unconditoned stimulus

A

unlearned event/stimulus that evokes response

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11
Q

define

unconditioned response

A

unlearned response

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12
Q

define

neutral stimulus

A

event that doesn’t elicit response

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13
Q

define

conditioned stimulus

A

learned stimulus

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14
Q

define

conditioned response

A

learned response

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15
Q

explain

moth/blue jay example of condtioning

A

us- swooping into face
ur/cr- fear response
ns/cs - moth/bluejay

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16
Q

explain

flu example

A

US- Flu
NS/CS-broccoli
UR/CR- vomiting

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17
Q

explain:

Ice bath example

A

US- ice bath
NS/CS- taylor swift
UR/CR- shiver

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18
Q

explain

restaurant example conditioning

A

US- food
UR/CR- salivating
NS/CS- restaurant

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19
Q

list

factors that influence conditoning

A
  1. intensity of stimuli
  2. timing of pairings (closer = stronger)
  3. number of trials/pairings
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20
Q

define

higher order conditoning/secondary condtioning

A
  1. us- treats
    UR/CR- salavation/excitement
    NS/CS-shaking bag
  2. us- shaking bag
    UR/CR- salivationg
    NS/CS- cabinent door opening
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21
Q

define

extinction

A

disconnect bell and meat salavation becomes extinguished when bell is runy

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22
Q

define

spontaneous recovery

A

bell/meat paired response comes back (stronger rate)

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23
Q

define

generalization

A

conditioned stimulus is close to other stimuli and elicits a similar response

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24
Q

define

discrimination

A

ability to discriminate between CS and other relevant stimuli

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25
# define shaping
developing target behaviors for person
26
# define differential reinforcements
creating bx eventually w/o any aid/assistance selectively reinforcing desired bx
27
# explain language development in terms of shaping
1. babbling 2.word sounds 3. parts of words 4. whole words 5. string of words 6. Fully formed words
28
# list steps of shaping
1. define target bx 2. determine is shaping is appropriate 3. identify 1st bx 4. choose successive steps 5. what reinforcement are you using 6. introduce differential reinforcement 7. reinforcing target bx and maintaining it
29
# list places where shaping occurs
1. athletes 2. toilet training 3. rehab 4 compliance 5. bx issues 6. compliance with medical intervention
30
# define prompting
assist someone in doing desireable bx goal: establish desireable bx
31
# list ways of prompting from least to most intrusive
1. verbal 2. gesteral 3. modeling 4.physical
32
# define verbal prompt | colin shoes
tell colin to put shoes on
33
# define gestural prompt
point to colins shoes
34
# define modeling prompt
put shoes on with colin
35
# define physical prompting
put colins shoes on for him
36
# define transfer of stimulus control
behavior done without prompting
37
# define prompt fading
gradual elimination of prompts in presense of s^D
38
# define chaining
chain of individual behavior (must be sequential)
39
# explain mowing the grass chain
sd1- grass is tall- r1- go to shed/get lawn mower sd2- remove gas cap - r2- check gas level sd3- get gas can r3- pour gas sd4- hand on safety handle r4- push down on handle sd5- hand on cord r5- pull cord sd6- push mower around r6- grass is cut
40
# list key notes of chaining
* sequential * 1st response will always occur * when SD is present * steps can be combined if learner is quick
41
# define task analysis
breaking down of individual steps
42
# define backwards chaining
used with individuals with learning difficulty starts with final behavior
43
# define skip chaining
skipping certain steps to focus on specific parts go back and fill in steps later
44
# define written task analysis
ex. recipe, assembly instructions
45
# define picture prompting
take pictures and order them in sequence
46
# define video modeling
video of completing behavior
47
# define self instruction
verbally prompting self
48
# list where prompting is found
1. everday tasks 2. children 3. individuals with limited cognative ability 4. aba 5. learning supports 6. sports
49
# list steps to behavior skills training
1. provide instructions 2. modeling bx 3. rehersal 4. feedback
50
# define providing instructions
instructions should be understandable, and provided by someone credible
51
# define modeling bx
correct behavior is demonstrated learner must be able to hold attention and have the ability to imitate
52
# define rehersal
learner practices after instruction and modeling ideally reinforcement follows repitition until correct
53
# define feedback
immediate feedback after rehersal
54
# list places bx skills training is used
* group training * individual training * preventative/health related bx fire extinguisher training * parental training
55
# define functional assessment
why does bx occur? assessing the antecedents that invoke a particular behavior try to determine what reinforcements/consequences might be at play identify function of problematic bx
56
# answer how do we do functional assessment?
indirect- self report/questionnaires direct- observing bx directly
57
# define functional analysis
experiemental view, looking at relationships between A+C (IV) in relation with problem bx (DV)
58
# define exploratory analysis
evaluating the consequences
59
# list steps to conducting a functional assessment
1. behavioral interview 2. develop hypothesis 3. direct observation 4. confirm hypothesis 5. additional assessment if needed
60
# list interventions of functional assessment
1. extinction 2. differential reinforcement 3. antecedent manipulation
61
# define differential reinforcement of alt bx (DRA)
combination process reinforcemtn desireable behavior, extinguishing undesireable bx | strengthen desired bx
62
62
# list steps of DRA
1. indentify desireable bx 2. identify undesirable bx 3.identify reinforcers 4. implement reinforcement 5. eliminate reinforcers for undesireable bx 6. continous reinforcement 7. program to generalize
63
# define DRI
differential reinforcement of incompatible bx variant of DRA | ex: prob bx: head slap incom bx: hands occupied
64
# define DRO
differential reinforcement of other behavior * reinforcement contingent upon absence of problematic bx | ex: student shouts during class bx not shouting reinforced
65
66
# list where is DRO used
1. children/school 2. intellectual disability 3. smoking 4. self injury
67
# define DRL
differential reinforcement of responding * reducing bx that isnt super problematic but annoying * not complete absence of bx * build a threshold * 3 or under reinforced- over 3 no reinforcement
68
# list places DRL is used
* children/schools * parenting * intellectual disability

Behavior Modification (2 decks)

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