Exam 2 Flashcards
What was policing like prior to 1285?
It was the responsibility of the citizens to act as the police.
What was policing like in 1285?
- Parish Constable
- Hue and Cry (signal)
- every house maintains arms
What was policing like in 1754?
Henry Fielding and the “Bow Street Runners”
What was policing like in 1829?
Sir Robert Peel organized the first police force
What are some shared characteristics between policing in America and England?
- Limited authority
- Organizational fragmentation
- Local Control
What are three areas of dispute when it comes from using the police from England?
- Use of weapons
- Use of uniforms
- Use of force
What is the Law enforcement style of policing?
Legalistic
What is the Order Maintenance style of policing?
Watchman
What is the service style of policing?
Service
What are four types of police discretion?
- Prior Record
- Seriousness of the crime
- Demeanor
- Victim’s Preferences
What are three aspects of the state level of policing?
- patrolling highways
- filling voids in rural areas
- state crime labs
1974 Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment
increasing the number of officers in a patrol area does not decrease crime
1976 Kansas City Response Time Experiment
efforts to arrive quicker does not influence the ability to solve a crime
1977 San Diego Patrol Staffing Experiments
one officer units were actually safer than having two
1981 Newark foot Patrol Experiment
no difference in terms of the crime rate, people felt safer in areas with the foot patrol
1975 Rand Study on Police investigation
Police officers do more actual crime solving than detectives
Where do police officers learn to be police?
Police Academy and on the job/experiance
Which method of learning is viewed as most important?
on the job/experience
Case Law: Terry vs. Ohio
Stop and Frisk
Case Law: U.S. vs. Leon
Good Faith
Case Law: New York vs. Quarles
Public Safety
Case Law: Arizona vs. Hicks
Plain View
Case Law: Chimel vs. California
Search Incident to Arrest
What are the six elements of a police officer’s working personality?
- Danger
- Authority
- Public Morality
- Isolation
- Suspicion
- Stress
