Exam 2 Flashcards
Who is at risk for HF?
HTN & CAD
Males, African American, obesity, DM, stress, hyperlipidemia, ETOH, inactivity
S & S of HTN
HA, fatigue, dizziness, palpitations, SOB
CAD Risks
Smoker, HTN, inactivity, DM, stress, hyperlipidemia, native American, African American, family Hx
S&S of Heart Failure
Tired, fatigue, SOB, palpitations, edema, weight gain
Angina means
That there can be a perfusion problem to cardiac muscle
Stable angina
Knows what caused it, how to fix it, predicatable, same pain every time
Unstable angina
New pain, at rest or activity, came on with less effort than normal.
longer duration usually more than 10-15 min
Pain persists after Nitro
Awakens from sleep
Unstable angina symptoms
SOB, nausea, dizziness, palpitations, radiation from jaw to arm.
NSTEMI
non-ST elevated MI
Partial occlusion of vessel
STEMI
ST elevated MI
Total occlusion of vessel
Collateral circulation
When blockages occur over time, vascularature binds collaterally to avoid blockage.
How is a diagnosis for Acute Corinary Syndrome (ACS) made?
S&s
Risk factors
EKG
Troponin
(T)less than0.1
(I)less than 0.03
3 sets, 3-6hrs apart (Degree of injury)
cardiac catheterization
FLP, CRP, BNP, chemistry, coags, CBC,
CXR, Echo, TEE, Stress Test
SA node aka
anatomical pacemaker
The time it takes for the impulse to hi through the atrium causing depolarization (contracting)
🫛P wave
0.06-0.12 seconds
Time taken for the impulse to travel through the atria, AV node, bundle of HIS, bundle branches & pirkinje fibers until just before ventricular contraction
PR interval
0.12-0.20 seconds
