EXAM 2 Flashcards
Somnolence
drowsiness, sluggishness, and a lack of mental alertness that can affect daily performance
Sleep Inertia
characterized by cognitive impairment, grogginess, queasiness, and a disoriented feeling, can occur after 30 or more minutes of napping.
Sleep Deprivation
when the amount of sleep a person gets is insufficient for them to sustain optimum health
Circadian Rhythm
24-hour cycle that controls when you sleep, when you wake, and other habitual behaviors
Insomnia
difficulty falling asleep, frequent arousals during sleep, or early morning awakening. It is the most common sleep complaint
What does DROWSY driving equate to?
DRUNK driving
How many Americans do not routinely get the recommended amount of sleep? (at least 7 hours)
1 in 3
% of students that report feeling tired, dragged out, sleepy a certain amount of days of the week
Nearly 75% of students report feeling tired, dragged out, or sleepy 3 out of 7 days each week.
Non-REM Sleep
No rapid eye movement, restorative, 4 stages total, diminishes as the night goes on
What are the 4 stages of Non-REM Sleep?
- Stage 1: Drifting off to sleep
- Stage 2: Slower brain waves than stage 1, and deeper sleep state
- Stage 3: Slow delta waves are generated; blood pressure and heart rate drop
- Stage 4: Deepest stage of sleep
REM Sleep
Experience rapid eye movement, energizing, increases as the night goes on, dreaming takes place, brain wave activity is similar to a wakeful state/muscles are paralyzed, brain processes the experiences you have had and consolidates the information learned that day.
Why does Jet Lag occur?
“Jet-lag” occurs when we experience a disruption in our in our usual day/night patterns
What hormone induces drowsiness?
Melatonin, a hormone produced by the pineal gland
Symptoms and causes of insomnia
- Difficulty returning to sleep
- Un-refreshing sleep
- Daytime sleepiness
- Trouble focusing and irritability
Insomnia may be:
- Related to stress and worry
- Related to disrupted circadian rhythms
- A side effect from taking certain medications
What CAN naps do for the body?
CAN:
- help improve mood, alertness, and performance
What CAN’T naps do for the body?
CANNOT cancel out sleep debt
How many US adults suffer from sleep related disorders?
As many as 70 million
Addiction
a treatable chronic disease involving complex interactions between an individual’s brain, genetics, environment, and life experiences. Can be physiological/psychological dependence
Drugs
Substances other than food that are intended to affect the structure or function of the mind or body through chemical action
- OTC, alcohol, caffeine, tobacco, heroin, methamphetamines, etc.
Cross-Fading
consuming alcohol and cannabis at the same time
Poly-drug Use
Taking several substances simultaneously
3 Risk Categories for Addiction
- Environmental Factors: Ready access to the substance/experience, abusive/neglectful home environment, peer norms, membership in an oppressed or marginalized group, chronic or acute stressors
- Psychological Factors: low self-esteem, external locus of control, passivity, PTSD
- Biological Factors: Unusual early response to the substance or experience, ADHD and other learning disabilities, addiction among biological family members
Cycle for Psychological Addictions
- Compulsion: Obsession/excessive preoccupation with the behavior
- Loss of control: inability to predict reliably whether the behavior will be damaging or not. Tendency to overdo is prevalent
- Negative consequences: physical harm, financial/legal trouble, academic failure, family dissolution
- Denial: inability to recognize that the behavior is destructive
- Inability to abstain from the dependency even though one knows the behavior/substance is harmful
Common Process Addictions
*Cause a reward for the brain & are brain altering
- Technology (social media)
- Porn/Sex
- Gambling
- Compulsive Buying
- Exercise
- Work Behaviors
