Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Antihistamine Adverse Effects

A

CV: hypotension, palpitations, syncope

CNS: sedation, dizziness, muscular weakness, restlessness, seizures

GI: GI upset

Other: dry mouth, urinary retention, tinnitus, headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Loratadine (Claritin) (B)

A

-Antihistamine
-Indications: allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) (B)

A

-Antihistamine
-Indications: allergic disorders, motion sickness, nighttime insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cetirizine (Zyrtec)

A

-Antihistamine
-Indications: allergies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fexofenadine (Allegra)

A

-Antihistamine
-Indications: seasonal allergic rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Oral Decongestants

A

-prolonged effect but delayed onset
-Less potent than topical
-No rebound congestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Topical Nasal Decongestants

A

-Prompt onset
-Potent
-Sustained use can lead to rebound decongestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Antitussives

A

Used to stop the cough reflex when the cough is nonproductive or harmful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Expectorants

A

Drugs that aid in the expectoration (removal) of mucus, reduce viscosity of secretions, disintegrate and thin secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Oxymetolazine (Afrin) (C)

A

-Decongestant
-Indications: nasal congestion
-Adverse Effects: nervousness, insomnia, palpitations, tremor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Guaifenesin (Mucinex) (C)

A

-Expectorant
-Indications: respiratory congestion, cough
-Adverse Effects: N/V, GI irritation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tessalon Perles

A

-Antitussive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Robitussin

A

-Antitussive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Vicks

A

-Antitussive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Antitussive Adverse Effects

A

-Dizziness
-Headache
-Sedation
-Nausea
-Constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do steroids end in?

A

“ONE”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Beclomethasone (Beconase)

A

-Steroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Fluticasone (Flonase)

A

-Steroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Triamcinolone (Nasacort)

A

-Steroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Steroid Indications

A

-Prevent nasal congestion in pts with chronic URI
-Acute/chronic allergic rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Steroid Adverse Effects

A

-nervousness
-insomnia
-palpitations
-mucosal irritation and dryness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do antibiotics end in?

A

“CIN”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What do antifungals end in?

A

“ZOLE”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What do antivirals end in?

A

“VIR”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Bacitracin

A

-Antibacterial
-Treat or prevent local skin infections
-Minimal adverse reactions: skin rash, itching, burning, inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Neosporin

A

-Neosporin cream and ointment
-Topical antiseptic for MINOR skin wounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Mupirocin (Bactroban)

A

-Antibacterial
-Used topically for Staphylococcus and Streptococcus impetigo
-Intranasally for MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Silver Sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

A

-Topical anti-infective
-Used to prevent or treat infection at the site of 2nd and 3rd degree burns
-Adverse effects: pain, burning, itching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Benzoyl Peroxide

A

-Antiacne
-Adverse reactions: peeling skin, redness, warmth
-Improvement in 4-6 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Clindamycin (Celocin T)

A

-Antibiotic that treats acne topically
-Adverse reactions: usually limited to minor local skin reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Isotretinoin (X)

A

-Antiacne (severe resistant cystic acne)
-Adverse reactions: skin photosensitivity, musculoskeletal pain, pharyngitis
-Women should be put on TWO forms of bc with this drug
-Monitor for suicidal ideation and depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Tretinoin

A

-Antiacne or sundamage
-Adverse reactions: excessively red skin, crusted skin, peeling, edematous blisters, temporary alteration in pigmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Clotrimazole

A

-Antifungal
-Lozenge for thrush, vaginal suppository for yeast
-No adverse effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Miconazole (Monistat)

A

-Antifungal
-Adverse Effects: vulvovaginal burning and itching, pelvic cramps, rash, urticaria, stinging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Acyclovir (Zovirax) and Penciclovir (Denavir)

A

-Topical Antiviral
-Treat initial and recurrent herpes simplex 1 and 2, HPV
-Adverse Effects: stinging, itching, rash

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Minoxidil (Rogaine)

A

-Topical hair growth
-Adverse Effects: photosensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Finasteride (Propecia) (X)

A

-Topical systemic hair growth drug
-Adverse Effects: photosensitivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Isopropyl Alcohol

A

-Skin preparation
-Effective Against: bacteria, fungi, virus
-Adverse Effects: skin drying

39
Q

Chlorhexidine (Hibiclens)

A

-Skin preparation
-Effective Against: bacteria, fungi
-Adverse Effects: CNS toxicity in neonates and burn pts

40
Q

Povidone-Iodine (Betadine)

A

-Skin preparation
-Effective Against: bacteria, fungi, virus
-Adverse Effects: skin staining, irritation/pain at wound sites

41
Q

Benzalkonium Chloride (Zephrian)

A

-Skin preparation
-Effective Against: bacteria, fungi
-Adverse Effects: chemical burns if left in contact with skin for too long

42
Q

Latanoprost

A

-Prostaglandin
-Treat open-angle glaucoma

43
Q

Travoprost

A

-Prostaglandin
-Treat open-angle glaucoma

44
Q

Bimatoprost

A

-Prostaglandin
-Treat open-angle glaucoma

45
Q

Prostaglandin Adverse Effects

A

-increased length and thickness of eyelashes
-Darkening iris
-Sensation of something in eye
-Systemic absorption: respiratory infection, flu, angina, joint pain

46
Q

What do prostaglandins end in?

A

“PROST”

47
Q

What do beta blockers end in?

A

“LOL”

48
Q

What do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors end in?

A

“ZOLAMIDE”

49
Q

Betaxolol

A

-Beta blocker
-Treat open-angle glaucoma

50
Q

Timolol

A

-Beta-blocker
-Treat open-angle glaucoma

51
Q

Beta-adrenergic Blockers Adverse Effects

A

-Local burning/stinging
-Blurred vision
-Headache
-Systemic absorption: angina, anxiety, bronchoconstriction, hypertension

52
Q

Acetazolamide

A

-Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
-Quickly lowers IOP; emergency med for acute closed-angle glaucoma

53
Q

Methazolamide

A

-Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
-Quickly lowers IOP; emergency med for acute closed-angle glaucoma

54
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor Adverse Effects:

A

-Diuresis
-Electrolyte imbalance
-Blood dyscrasias
-Flaccid paralysis
-Hepatic impairment

55
Q

Mannitol (IV)

A

-Diuretic
-Rapid progression of closed-angle glaucoma to prevent blindness

56
Q

Isosorbide (PO)

A

-Diuretic
-Rapid progression of closed-angle glaucoma to prevent blindness

57
Q

Osmotic Diuretic Adverse Effects:

A

-headache
-N/V
-edema
-electrolyte imbalance

58
Q

Mydriatics

A

Drugs used to dilate the pupil to allow better visualization

59
Q

Cycloplegics

A

Cause both dilation and relaxation of ciliary muscle

60
Q

Artificial Tears

A

-OTC
-provide lubrication/moisture to dry and irritated eyes

61
Q

Lifitegrast (Xiidra)

A

-OTC
-newest agent for dry eyes

62
Q

Cortisoprin Otic

A

-Antibiotic for ear infection
-Adverse Effects: severe burning or irritation after administration

63
Q

Ciprodex

A

-Antibiotic for ear infection
-Adverse Effects: changes in taste

64
Q

Ofloxacin

A

-Antibiotic for ear infection
-Adverse Effects: seizures, lightheadedness, hallucinations

65
Q

Cortic and Acetasol HC

A

-Antifungals for ear infection
-Adverse Effects: stinging, itching, irritation, burning

66
Q

Carbamide Peroxide (Debrox)

A

-Earwax emulsifier
-Combined with other drugs to loosen and help remove ear wax

67
Q

Albuterol (Ventolin, ProAir)

A

-SABA
-Most commonly used

68
Q

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

A

-SABA

69
Q

Terbutaline (Brethine)

A

-SABA

70
Q

Metaproterenol (Alupent)

A

-SABA

71
Q

Short-Acting Beta Adrenergic-Agonists Adverse Effects

A

-SABAS are used as rescue for acute episodes
-insomnia, restlessness, anorexia, cardiac stimulation, hyperglycemia, tremor and vascular headache

72
Q

Long-Acting Beta-Adrenergic Agonists Adverse Effects

A

-hypertension OR hypotension
-Vascular headaches
-Tremor

73
Q

Arformoterol (Brovana)

A

-LABA

74
Q

Formoterol (Foradil, Perforomist)

A

-LABA

75
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent)

A

-LABA

76
Q

Vilanterol

A

-LABA

77
Q

Anticholinergics Use

A

Indirectly cause airway relaxation and dilation; help reduce secretions in COPD pts

78
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

A

-Anticholinergic
-Most commonly used

79
Q

Tiotropium (Spirivia)

A

-Anticholinergics

80
Q

Aclidinium (Tudorza)

A

-Anticholinergic

81
Q

Anticholinergic Adverse Effects

A

-Dry mouth/throat
-Nasal congestion
-Heart palpitations
-GI distress
-Headache
-Coughing
-Anxiety

82
Q

Xanthine Derivatives Use

A

-Dilation of airways in asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema
-NOT management of acute asthma attack

83
Q

Theophylline

A

-Xanthine derivatives
-Most commonly used xanthine derivative
-Oral, rectal, topical form

84
Q

Aminophylline

A

-Xanthine derivatives
-Injectable (IV) form of Theophylline
-Pts with status asthamaticus who have no responded to fast-acting beta agonists such as epinephrine

85
Q

Xanthine Derivative Adverse Effects

A

-N/V, anorexia
-Reflux during sleep
-Sinus tachycardia, palpitations, ventricular dysrhythmias
-Transient increased urination
-Hyperglycemia

86
Q

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists (LTRAs)

A

-Prevent smooth muscle contraction of the bronchial airways
-Decreased mucus secretion
-Prevent vascular permeability and inflammation in lungs

87
Q

Montelukast (Singulair)

A

-Non-bronchodilating
-Adverse Effects: headache, nausea, diarrhea

88
Q

Zafirlukast (Accolate)

A

-Non bronchodilating
-Adverse Effects: headache, nausea, diarrhea

89
Q

Zileuton (Zyflo)

A

-Non bronchodilating
-Adverse Effects: headache, nausea, dizziness, insomnia

90
Q

Corticosteroids

A

-Antiinflammatory properties
-Used for chronic asthma
-May take several weeks before full effects seen

91
Q

Fluticasone Propionate (Flovent)

A

-Corticosteroids
-Inhaled
-Used for asthma, seasonal allergies
-Adverse Effects: pharyngeal irritation, coughing, dry mouth, oral fungal infection

92
Q

Methylprednisolone )Solu-Medrol)

A

-Corticosteroid
-IV
-Used for exacerbations of asthma or COPD
-Adverse Effects: dizziness, headache, blurred vision, diarrhea

93
Q

Roflumilast (Daliresp)

A

-Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitor
-Indicated to prevent coughing and excess mucus from worsening and to decrease the frequency of COPD exacerbations
-Adverse Effects: nausea, diarrhea, headache, insomnia, dizziness, weight loss, psychiatric symptoms

Pharmacology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions