Exam 2

Question 1

Anticholinergics- medications

Answer 1

atropine
ipratropium
scopolamine
glycopyrrolate

Question 2

Anticholinergics- MOA

Answer 2

inhibits action of acetylcholine and neurotransmitters to decrease secretions

Question 3

aniticholinergic SE

Answer 3

constipation, dry eye, dry mucous membranes, blurry vision, tachycardia, GI obstruction

Question 4

anticholinergic- Considerations

Answer 4

monitor I and O (urinary retension, constipation)
antacids decrease absorption of these meds
VS (hypotension and tachycardia)

Question 5

Anticholinergics- teaching

Answer 5

teach about oral care
may cause drowsiness
do not admin with a fever

Question 6

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists- meds

Answer 6

montelukast
zafirlukast

Question 7

LTRA- MOA

Answer 7

stops the effects of leukotrienes in the body (narrowing of airways, and smooth muscle constriction)

Question 8

LTRA SE

Answer 8

SJS, increased liver enzymes, depression/suicidal thoughts

Question 9

LTRA- considerations

Answer 9

monitor ALT and AST
assess lung sounds, respiratory status
assess mood

Question 10

LTRA- teaching

Answer 10

its long acting, do not take during flare
take daily at night or 2 hours prior to exercise
educate to report any feelings of depression or suicidal thoughts

Question 11

mast cell stabilizers- med

Answer 11

cromolyn

Question 12

mast cell stabalizers- MOA

Answer 12

decreases release of histamine, good for preventing exercise induced asthma

Question 13

mast cell stabilizers- SE

Answer 13

nasal, throat, or trachea irritation
wheezing
nausea
unpleasant taste
cough

Question 14

mast cell stabilizers- considerations

Answer 14

assess lung sounds and respirator function
intranasal- assess for symptoms of rhinitis and rhinorrhea
reduction of other asthma med may be possible after 2-4 wks of therapy

Question 15

mast cell stabilizers-teaching

Answer 15

instruct on correct use of med (use routinely, don’t double dose, don’t discontinue without consulting HCP)
administer 10-15min prior to exposure of known allergy and no earlier than 60 min in advance

Question 16

Inhaled corticosteroids- meds

Answer 16

beclomethasone dipropionate
budesonide
ciclesonide
flunisolide
fluticasone
momestasone
triameinolone acetonide

Question 17

inhaled corticosteroids- MOA

Answer 17

locally acting/suppressing inflammation and enhancing beta agonist response

Question 18

inhaled corticosteroids- SE

Answer 18

oral thrush/dry mouth
coughing
infections
pharyngeal irritation
chest pain/ dizziness

Question 19

inhaled corticosteroids- considerations

Answer 19

no systemic effects when inhaled
use bronchodilator before inhaled corticosteroid, all 5 min before admin of corticosteroids

Question 20

inhaled corticosteroids- teaching

Answer 20

rinse mouth after use

Question 21

LABA- meds

Answer 21

salmeterol, formoterol

Question 22

LABA- MOA

Answer 22

bronchodilation

Question 23

LABA- SE

Answer 23

headache
cough
tachycardia
HTN
paradoxical
bronchospasm
nervousness

Question 24

LABA- considerations

Answer 24

assess lung sounds, pulse, BP
use with MAOI and TCA may potentiate effects

Question 25

LABA- teaching

Answer 25

instruct patient using powder for inhalation never to exhale into diskus device and always to hold device in a level horizontal position. mouthpiece should be kept dry, never wash Use in combination with ICS

Question 26

monoclonal antibody- meds

Answer 26

omalizumab

Question 27

monoclonal antibody- MOA

Answer 27

blocks inflammatory response

Question 28

monoclonal antibody SE

Answer 28

MI, DVT, infection site reaction

Question 29

monoclonal antibody- considerations

Answer 29

assess lung sounds and respiratory rate assess for allergic reaction or s/s of MI and DVT

Question 30

monoclonal antibody- teaching

Answer 30

don't decrease or discontinue other asthma meds, especially inhaled corticosteroids call HCP for s/s or allergic reaction

Question 31

short-acting beta2 agonist- med

Answer 31

albuterol levalbuterol

Question 32

short acting- MOA

Answer 32

relaxation of airway of smooth muscle with subsequent bronchodilation

Question 33

short-acting- SE

Answer 33

hyperactivity hyperglycemia hypokalemia tremor headache nervousness paradoxical bronchospasm

Question 34

short-acting- considerations

Answer 34

assess lung sounds monitor pt for adverse effect observe for paradoxical bronchospasm

Question 35

short-acting- teaching

Answer 35

educate on proper technique advise to use 1st if concurrent use with other inhaler medications notify HCP if breathing not improved or worsens

Question 36

benzodiazepines- meds

Answer 36

diazepam, midazolam, alprazolam

Question 37

hydantoi derivatives- meds

Answer 37

phenytoin, fosphenytoin

Question 38

barbiturates- meds

Answer 38

phenobarbital

Question 39

iminostilbenes- meds

Answer 39

carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine

Question 40

suicidal thoughts and behavior

Answer 40

all

Question 41

dizziness and drowsiness

Answer 41

all

Question 42

reduce other medication efficacy

Answer 42

benzodiazepines, hydantoin derivatives, iminostilbenes

Question 43

gingival hyperplasia and increased body hair

Answer 43

hydantoin derivatives

Question 44

vision loss

Answer 44

vigabatrin

Question 45

weight loss, impaired cognition and language difficulties

Answer 45

topiramate

Question 46

weight gain, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome

Answer 46

iminostilbenes, valproic acid, gabapentin

Question 47

SIADH

Answer 47

iminostilbenes

Question 48

rescue med

Answer 48

benzodiazepines

Question 49

CBC and liver function testing regularly

Answer 49

all