exam 2

Question 1

perceptual narrowing

Answer 1

a developmental process during which the brain uses environmental experiences to shape perceptual ability

Question 2

auditory perception

Answer 2

begins prenatal, sound localization

Question 3

music perception

Answer 3

newborns: changes in beat
7 mos: changes in melodies

Question 4

cross modal perception

Answer 4

relationships between percepts

Question 5

synesthesia

Answer 5

one stimulation of sense leads to involuntary experiences of another sense

Question 6

survival reflexes

Answer 6

breathing, rooting, sucking, swallowing, blinking, pupillary

Question 7

primitive reflexes

Answer 7

moro, grasping, tonic neck, babinski, stepping, swimming

Question 8

locomotion

Answer 8

commitment of one’s personal resources to initiate and maintain any goal directed activity

Question 9

dynamic systems

Answer 9

development of complex behaviors should be understood in terms of a complex interaction of physical, environmental and perceptual factors

Question 10

active vs passive

Answer 10

being active allows for more knowledge about movement while passive does not contribute to knowledge

Question 11

visual flow fields

Answer 11

learn through own motion or non motion

Question 12

habituation

Answer 12

desensitization

Question 13

classical conditioning

Answer 13

associative learning via repetition

Question 14

operant conditioning

Answer 14

relations between one’s own behavior and the consequences

Question 15

statistical learning

Answer 15

sensitive to statistically predictive patterns

Question 16

observational learning

Answer 16

watching others/ things to learn

Question 17

infantile amnesia

Answer 17

we barely remember anything before the age of 3-4; repressions, encoding fidelity, encoding specificity

Question 18

cognition

Answer 18

development of memory, attention, problem solving, and concepts

Question 19

object permanence

Answer 19

the ability to think about objects you can’t directly see or touch (9 mos)

Question 20

object permanence

Answer 20

the ability to think about objects you can’t directly see or touch (9 mos)

Question 21

assimilation

Answer 21

translate incoming information into a previously understood form

Question 22

accommodation

Answer 22

adapt current knowledge structures in response to new experiences

Question 23

solidity

Answer 23

babies know at 3 mos-ish that objects are solid and are intrigued at impossible events

Question 24

infants numerical abilities

Answer 24

they learn how to count before the concept of counting/ know when something gets larger

Question 25

numerical understanding implicit vs explicit

Answer 25

represent small number, approx. of large number vs. integer is social construction, language is required to learn large numbers of

Question 26

face or contingent behavior

Answer 26

both tell infant that it has motivation

Question 27

development of preferences

Answer 27

babies know about there own, but at 18 mos realize that people have others

Question 28

theory of mind

Answer 28

ability to attribute mental states

Question 29

egocentrism

Answer 29

thought of only self