Exam 2 Flashcards
The Synoptic Problem
The problem of how to explain the wide-ranging agreements and disagreements along these three gospels
Synoptic Gospels v. the Johannine Gospel
Synoptic gospels are Mark, Matt, and Luke. Most of these things are based off of Mark
Johannime is
the book of John
John, one of Jesus’ 12 disciples wrote
- Lots of dialogue
- Different timeline than the other gospels
Meaning and etymology of the word “synoptic”
“Seen together”
Arguments for Markan Priority
- Mark is the first
- Patterns of agreement and sequence of narrative
- Characteristic of change
- The Q source
- the M and L sources
Methodological Significance of the Four Source Hypothesis
From the insights gained by literary-historical and redaction criticism, we can understand how the synoptic gospel writers altered their course material, “we can assume that his changes tell us something about his own theology or interests”`
Joyful Mysteries
- The Annunciation
- The Visitation
- The Nativity
- The Presentation of Jesus
- Finding Jesus at the Temple
Hint: Up until Jesus was a kid
The Luminous Mysteries
- Baptism of Jesus by John
- Wedding at Cana
- The Message of Jesus
- The Transfiguration
- The Last Supper
Hint: Jesus’ Public Life
The Sorrowful Mysteries
- Jesus sweats drops of blood
- Jesus is scourged
- Jesus is crowned with thorns
- Jesus carries the cross
- Jesus is crucified
Hint: Begins with Agony of the Garden
The Glorious Mysteries
- The resurrection of Jesus
- The Ascension of Jesus into heaven
- The descent of the holy spirit at the pentecost
- The assumption of Mary into heaven
- The coronation of Mary in heaven
Characteristics of Matthew
Literary: Redaction of aramaic logia
Intended Audience: Jewish Christians
Identity/Personality: Follow of Jesus and an apostle
Relationship to Judaism & Hebrew Scriptures: Most Jewish of all gospels
Mark (OG Gospel)
Literary: Provides unique portrait of Jesus, with a special insight into who Jesus was and what he accomplished
Intended Audience: Gentile converts living in Rome
Identity/Personality: Mark was not an original disciple, but a follower of Peter. Mark covers the story of Jesus from His baptism all way to the discovery of His empty tomb.
Luke
Literary: Hellenistic historiography/biography history of biography of Jesus with greek literary influence
Intended Audience: Gentiles
Identity/Personality: Follower and companion of Paul
Relationship to Judaism & Hebrew Scriptures: Since Luke was a Jewish convert there is extra attention to Judaism
John
Literary: Used a alot of dramatic irony to get the multi-layered messages of Jesus across. Wrote more in a poetic style that made Jesus’ speech sound more eloquent
Intended Audience: Early Chrisitans
Identity/Personality: Apostle of Jesus who actually witnessed his miracles in real life. Often refers himself to the beloved disciple
Relationship to Judaism & Hebrew Scriptures: Very familiar with Jewish customs, had a relative that was a high priest
Main Outline of Jesus according to Mark
- Early Galilean ministry (Jesus heals and preaches about Galilee)
- Late Galilean ministry
(Parables, Jesus chooses the 12) - Ministry outside Galilee
(Jesus performs miracles) - Journey to Jerusalem
(Jesus foretells and warns) - Ministry in Jerusalem
(Jesus was questioned) - Death of Christ (Jesus was betrayed, arrested, and sentenced to death)
- Resurrection (Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene and 2 disciples)
When was John composed?
90-100 CE, several decades after the other three gospels
Purpose of John
to help people believe in Jesus Christ
John’s Relation to Synoptic Gospels and Exclusively Johannine Material
Strays from synoptic gospels by covering a different time span and discussing jesus discourse in great length/detail
Main Outline of John
- Date of Composition
- Purpose of Book
- Johannine anonymity
- Relation to Synoptic Gospels & Exclusively Johannine material
- Prologue: ‘word/logos’
- Wedding at Cana
- John on the Holy Spirit
PASSION OF THE LORD
- Betrayal and Arrest
- Peter’s Denials
- Jesus vs Annas
- Jesus vs Pontius Pilate
- Jesus vs the Mob
- Condemnation & Crucifixion
- Burial and Resurrection
- Empty Tomb
- The Resurrected Lord
Motto of the Congregation of the Holy Cross
Spes Unica, hail to the cross, our only hope
Authorship of Acts of the Apostles
Luke
Acts of the Apostles
- Doing and teaching
- Community of life and ministry of Christ and the early Church
- Ascension
- Pentecost
- The role and power of the Holy Spirit
- Petrine primacy
- The Martyrdom of St. Stephan
- Common Life
- Ananias and Sapphira
- The Conversion of Paul
- Peter’s Picnic dream and Petrine authority
- Peter vs. Paul on Jewish practice for Christians
- The Council of Jerusalem
St. Paul & the Epistles (esp. Romans)
- Identity, background of Paul
- Status of Jews in the Roman empire
- Audience: christian church in and around Rome
- Pauline vs. Pseudo-Pauline epistles
- Universal teaching vs. context-depending situational teaching
- Theological themes of Romans (human guilt, God’s righteousness, justification through Christ in faith, the hope of resurrection)
- Theological themes of Phillipians 2 (same mind as Christ Jesus)
Letter to the Hebrews
- Authorship: Assumed to be St. Paul but is questioned by many theologians and is now widely considered to be anonymous
- Audience: Roman Jewish Christians consisted of 2nd generations Christians
- Destination: Rome, Alexandria, and Jerusalem have all been suggested, but most argue that it was written to Jewish Christians in Rome
- Midrash
- God speaks through a Son
- Superior to angels
- Levitical priesthood v. Melchizedekian priesthood
- Abraham’s deference to Melchizedek
- The retrieval and use of Melchizeddek
- Christ Jesus and a pirist in the order of Melchizedek
The Book of Revelation
if the professor has an S at the end of the question, it is going to be false no matter what
Autorship of the book of Revelation
Likely a disciple of John, but the book claims that is it the disciple of John.
Historical context and Date of composition: The Book of Revelation
81-96 CE, or possibly earlier during the persecution of Christians by Nero (54-68 CE)
Book of Revelation Structure
Apocalyptic as a genre, resistance literature
- Use of Hebrew prophets
- Importance of John the Baptist
- Evil in conquered
- New heavens, new earth, new Jerusalem
- All things new (Apocalyptic nature = revelation)
