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Theology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

God, in Latin

A

theos

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2
Q

What is theology

A

Discourse on God
Metaphysical reflection on the nature of God

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3
Q

logos

A

word, reason, speech, discourse

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4
Q

Plato

A

“The Republic” - discourse on God

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5
Q

Aristotle

A

divided philosophy into mathematics, physics, and theology( metaphysical reflection on the nature of God and other incorporeal things)

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6
Q

Varro

A

divided theo into theogony (creation/genealogy of God/gods), rational theology (rational inquiry into the nature of Gods/god), and civil theology (public/private dimensions of religious practice)

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7
Q

Augustine

A

“reasoning or discussion concerning the Deity”

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8
Q

Boethius

A

strengthened Latin division between incorporeality (theology) and corporeality (physics)

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9
Q

Anselm

A

“fides quarens intellectum” - faith seeking understanding

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10
Q

Aquinas

A

natural vs revealed

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11
Q

Martin Luther

A

revelation vs reason

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12
Q

Main areas of academic theology

A

Systematic - write about theological questions

Historical - how theological ideas and historians’ interpretations have developed over time

Moral Theology - what God and goodness have to do with each other

Liturgical - study of Christian practice of worship and prayer

Biblical - thinking about the bible and its theological meaning

Comparative - comparing religious systems theologically

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13
Q

Theology vs other

A

engages with other disciplines that arise from the questioning human

spirit and observation of the world
affirm truths of other disciplines

other disciplines question human spirit and the observation of the world

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14
Q

Theology is not…

A

-Religious Studies
-Philosophy
-Catechesis
-Psychology (by other means)

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15
Q

Theology on faith and reason

A

Faith and reason are different but complete each other

use reason to articulate our claims better, even if they are not rationally deducible

faith seeking understanding

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16
Q

Aquinas on the necessity of theology and theology as a science

A

human nature and existence requires God’s self-revelation for human nature and existence
human beings are “directed to God, as to an end that surpasses the grasp of reason”
Human beings must have knowledge of that end (knowledge of God)

Necessary for the salvation that certain truths which exceed human reason should be made known to him by divine revelation

Objective #1: should not seek knowledge above reason

Objective #2: no knowledge can be only concerned with Being theology is a part of theology

Sed Contra - scripture is not a part of philosophy theology is required
Theology is the science that “whereby saving faith is begotten, nourished, protected, and strengthened”.

so it is that sacred doctrine is a science, because it proceeds from higher principles established by the light of a higher science, namely, the science of God and the blessed”

Types of Science
Derivatives from the Principles known by the Light of a Higher Science: Science of perspective from geometry, music from arithmetic

Light of a Higher Science: Science of God and the blessed

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17
Q

3 Major Developments of Divine afflante spiritus

A

Attention to literary forms (study it like its written)

Attention to historical setting
understand a text more (when we understand the historical context of when it was written)

Attention to literary conventions and cultural assumptions

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18
Q

Significance of Dei verbum

A

The Inspiration of the Holy Spirit

The Necessity of Human Interpreters

The Role of Textual Analysis

The Importance of the Unity of Scripture

The Persistence of Truth in the Weakness of Human Language

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19
Q

3 areas in which Vatican II promoted the importance of the Bible

A

Education
Liturgy [public worship]
Ecumenism [promote unity among Christians]

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20
Q

The importance and acceptance of the historical-critical method

A

Historical-Critical Method - scientific study of the meaning of ancient texts
- because holy scriptures were written by human authors, in order to fully understand the bible one needs to take into account the humanness of its authors

  • needs to recognize the historical context in which the books were written
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21
Q

Historical development of biblical interpretation - New Testament

A

The Bible/Scriptures = The Hebrew Bible/Old Testament

Interpretive focus: the Hebrew Scriptures fulfilled in the incarnation, life, and death of Jesus Christ

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22
Q

Patristic era

A

Literal - focus on the historical realities of the text and the intention of the human and divine authors

Allegorical – uncovering the spiritual meaning of the text

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23
Q

Medieval and scholastic eras

A

Four Senses of Scripture

Literal - what took place and what the author intends to say

Allegorical - the spiritual meaning of the text

Anagogical - the heavenly or soteriological meaning of the text

Tropological - the moral meaning of the text

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24
Q

Renaissance

A

Interest in the original languages and historical settings of the Bible

The status of the Vulgate (St. Jerome’s Latin translation of the Bible)

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25
Q

Reformation

A

Luther’s sola scriptura (only based on scripture)

The contraction in the modes/senses of biblical interpretation
- The “perspicuity” of the Bible
- Individual v. ecclesial interpretation of the Bible ( have to interpret the Bible on your own)

26
Q

Enlightenment

A

rationalism and the hegemony of reason (religion is about mortality)

27
Q

Pentateuch

A

the first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy

Genre – a category or type of literature or art characterized by a particular form, style or context

Context - anything beyond the specific words of a literary work that may be relevant to understanding the meaning (may be economic, social, cultural, historical, literary, biographical, etc.)

28
Q

Authorship of Pentateuch

A

Traditional authorship attributed to Moses

Documentary Hypothesis (Julius Wellhausen):
J (“Yahwist”) – 9th century BCE (Southern Judea, semi-nomadic), YHWH
E (“Elohist”) – 8th century BCE (Northern Judea), El
D (“Deutoronomist”) – 7th-6th century BCE (laws, Babylonian exile)
P (“Priestly”) – 6th century BCE, written during Babylonian exile (youngest source, Babylonian exile)

29
Q

Enuma Elish Origins

A

written before 1000 BCE on 7 clay tablets, both theogonic and cosmogonic myth (Babylonian)

30
Q

Enuma Elish Meaning of Title

A

“when on high..” opening line

31
Q

Enuma Elish Plot

A

ritually dramatized during the spring Akitu festival. which commemorated the victory of Marduk over Tiamat

32
Q

Enuma Elish Conflict

A

the young gods made too much noise, preventing the older gods from sleeping

Apsu decides to kill the younger gods, Tiamat disagrees, Ea kills Apsu upon hearing his plan and uses Apsu’s body to form the subterranean seas

Tiamat declares war on Apsu’s murdered, creating monster filled with poison

Tiamat marries new King

Upon hearing Tiamat’s plan, he summons his son Marduk to defeat Tiamat, which Marduk leverages to establish his preeminence among the gods

Marduk defeats Tiamat’s monster army lef by the new king

Marduk slays Tiamat by harnessing natural forces, which tears her body apart

33
Q

Enuma Elish Characters

A

Apsu- the fresh waters; husband of Tiamat

Tiamat - the salt waters; wife of Apsu

Mummu - the mist between fresh and saltwater; song of Apsu and Tiamat

Ea - god of magic

Brother-sister pairs of gods

34
Q

1st Genesis Creation Authorship

A

Priestly Source (7 days)

35
Q

1st Genesis Creation Historical Context

A

While the jews were wandering the desert with Moses

36
Q

1st Genesis vs EE

A

Genesis is non-theogonic; God pre-exists

sexual differentiation pre-existing creation in EE; in Genesis God created male and female

Genesis is monotheistic; God is absolutely sovereign

Naute is demythologized in Genesis

Human beings created for for fellowship not servitude; created in God’s image and likeness(v. blood of slain god, ANE parallels)

37
Q

1st Genesis and EE similarities

A

Both introduced by temporal clauses

primal universe as watery chaos

Lexical similarity between “Tiamat” and tehom (“the deep” in the Hebrew text of Genesis)

Reference to light before the creation of sun and stars

creation of human beings as final act of creation

Divine assembly - Marduk and the less gods in the EE and the “Let us…” in Genesis

38
Q

1st Genesis literary and theological relationship to EE:

A

Genesis intentionally subverts EE: elite emulation; parallels to Assyrian use of EE (nationalistic not theological)

primeval chaos is subdued by God’s absolute sovereignty rather than chaos

God tames, Marduk kills

Nature gods are replaced by discrete objects of God’s creative power

39
Q

1st Genesis Creation Theological orientation

A

Proto-Israel - the divine gift of land and nomadic religion (world begins when God gives them land in the garden of Eden)

Proto-covenant in the gift of the Garden

J’s anthropology: terrestrial motif of Adam’s creation from clay

40
Q

2nd Genesis Authorship

A

Authorship/source: written by Yawhist, c. 950 BCE in Southern Judea

41
Q

2nd Genesis Historical Context

A

Context: J’s earlier pre-captivity context
Southern Judea, nomadic

42
Q

1st Genesis vs 2nd Genesis

A

Genre: poetry vs prose

Landscape: water v dry

Fundamental act of creation: separation of waters v . planting garden

Order of creation: humans created last v. humans created first
human beings: male and female created together v male than females; absence of fall narrative v, humanity sins against God

Man of creation: divine fiat v God forms creation

43
Q

2nd Genesis Theological Orientation

A

Proto-Israel - the divine gift of land and nomadic religion
Proto-covenant in the gift of the garden
J’s Anthropology - terrestrial motif if adam’s creation from clay; formed by God as unique indicator; li8fe is breathed into Adam by God; human beings as communal creatures created as helpers; given the command to be fruitful and multiply

44
Q

2nd Genesis Terms/Structure

A

X-shaped story structure
each part of the beginning story is mirrored at the end of the story the climax of the story is the fall of humanity
Nearly all the Genesis narrative cycles have this structure (Noah, Abraham, Joseph, etc)

45
Q

Chiastic logic and theological meaning of 2nd creation account

A

God gave adam and eve their names, then uses their names to call them after their sinned
Naked and unashamed to naked and ashamed
See how the consequences are unfolding

46
Q

Genesis 2 Creation Relationship between good and evil

A

Adamn and eve knew themselves to be naked and ashamed
Did not get knowledge of good and evil, they simply lost part of their good since they knew what evil was now that they sinner

47
Q

God’s main command to Adam and Eve

A

be fruitful and multiply

48
Q

Cain and Abel Authorship

A

Jahwist

49
Q

Nephilim/“sons of God”

A

interbreeding with the daughters of men (violation of God’s command to be fruitful)

to orient morally the flood story and shortening of lifespans following the noah genealogy

50
Q

Birth of Seth

A

in place of Abel, since Cain killed him

51
Q

Seth’s Son Name

A

Seth had a son named Enosh and at the time men began to invoke Yahweh by name

52
Q

Cain and Abel’s father

A

In jewish tradition, the serpent is considered the father of cain

Unlike Seth who resembles Adam, Cain was not from adam and did not resemble him

53
Q

Curse of Cain, God’s mercy

A

curve = must wander the earth forever
Mark so no one kills him

God delivers justice by punishing Cain to toil the land that was created by God
He does show mercy when he decides not to take Cain’s life despite the fact that Cain had just taken the life of his brother

54
Q

Yahwist distinctives (e.g., use of “Yahweh”)

A

One of the ket Yahwist distinctions is the fact that they call God by the word “Yahweh”

This is different from the Elohists who use Eloheim to refer to God

55
Q

Literary functions of biblical genealogies

A

biblical genealogies - used firstly to pass time as it describes the history of an ancestral line passing into the next period

56
Q

Peculiarities in descendants of Abraham (Enoch, lifespans, etc.)

A

it says that seth was a son in his likeness but cain is removed from the descendants of adam and able is not listed

says that Enoch walked with God but then was no more as God took jim

The lifespans are very high as Adam lives until at least 150 years old and Noah has children at the age of 500 years old

57
Q

Lamech’s blessing on Noah

A

Methuselah begat Lamech, Lamech begat Noah

Lamech’s prophecy on Noah

After begatting noah, Lamech declared tath this one will ring us relief from the agonizing toil of our hands from the very ground Yahweh that cursed

58
Q

Authorship in flood narrative (J. vs. P)

A

Priestly materialL rwo of every animals; the flood comes from the water under and over the earth
orientation = 1st creation account

Yahwist material: seven pairs of every clean animal and two pairs of unclean; the flood comes from the 40 days and nights of rain
orientation = Israel

59
Q

Flood

A

command to enter the ark one week before the flood
animals came just as God commanded Noah
everything dies; water stayed for 150 days no details of whats going on in the ark
floodwaters recede; ark rests on Mt Ararat; 3 more months
the emergence of dry land; a raven and dove and dove again
noah leaves the ark builds an altar, makes sacrifice to Yahweh and god is pleased with the sacrifice and promises never to destroy the earth

God’s Words:
human dominion over animals
eating animals instead of only plants
Demand for an account of lifeblood, reference to the imago dei
life spans are shorter so less time on earth to do bad things

60
Q
A

Theology (2 decks)

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