Exam #2

Question 1

Progressiveness (Hard vs Soft)

Answer 1

Hards: conservative, approached problems quantitatively, nature vs nurture
Softs: liberal, more qualitative their efforts, nurture over nature

Question 2

Social Gospel

Answer 2

Christian faith is practiced as a call, not just to personal conversation but to social reform

Question 3

The New Women and the Club Women

Answer 3

New Woman: Challenged conventional gender roles and expressed autonomy and individuality.
Club Woman: Many more women joined clubs

Question 4

The new middle class

Answer 4

Proactive, social engineers, optimistic about industrialization, Anglo-saxon protestants

Question 5

Righteous Discontent

Answer 5

National Association of Colored Women

Question 6

Robert LaFollette/Wisconsin Idea

Answer 6

The Wisconsin Idea was a philosophy that universities and the state should work together to solve problems and improve health, quality of life, the environment, and agriculture for all citizens of the state.

Question 7

Progressive Presidents

Answer 7

Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Woodrow Wilson

Question 8

Frederick Winslow Taylor (Taylorism)

Answer 8

• Management theorist
  Taylorism: made factories more efficient
• Took pictures of what factory workers where doing analyzed them, and told the workers what to change so they would work more efficiently

Question 9

Melvil Dewey and the ALA

Answer 9

Invented the influential Dewey Decimal System of classification founder of the American Library Association first library school

Question 10

Jane Adams (Hull House 1889)

Answer 10

Social reformer who worked to improve the lives of the working class,
In 1889, she founded the Hull House in Chicago, the first private social welfare agency in the u.s to assist the poor, combat juvenile delinquency, and help immigrants learn to speak English.

Question 11

Margaret Sanger and Reproductive Rights

Answer 11

The originator of the term ‘Birth Control’, Snager led the battle for reproductive rights in the U.S. At one point, she was literally forced to flee the country to avoid imprisonment.

Question 12

Food and Drug Act of 1906

Answer 12

Prohibited interstate commerce in adulterated or mis-branded food, drinks, and drugs. The Government’s pre-approval of drugs is required.

Question 13

Muckraking Journalism

Answer 13

Journalism to expose the corruption present in the business and politics

Question 14

Gifford Pinchot

Answer 14

Head of the U.S Forest Service under Roosevelt, who believed that it was possible to make use of natural resources while conserving them

Question 15

John Muir

Answer 15

(1838-1914) A naturalist who believed the wilderness should be preserved in its natural state. he was largely responsible for the creation of Yosemite national park in California.

Question 16

WCTU and The Volstead Act

Answer 16

(women’s Christian temperance union) group organized in 1874 that worked to ban the sale of liquor in the u.s.
Volstead Act was enacted to carry out prohibition.

Question 17

Triangle Waistcoat Fire and Labor Reform

Answer 17

In Manhattan, on march 25, 1911, was the deadliest industrial disaster in the history of the city and in u.s history. The fire caused the deaths of 146 garment workers -123 women
- ASSE was founded in NYC on October 1 1911

Question 18

Lustitania

Answer 18

British passenger liner sunk by a German U-boat in May 1915- the deaths of 128 Americans on board contributed to U.S entry into WWI

Question 19

Woodrow Wilsons 14 points

Answer 19

The president’s vision for u.s involvement to promote principles such as peace in the post-war world
- a new world order
- freedom of the seas
- no secret treaties
- self determination
- a league of nations

Question 20

John “Black Jack” Pershing and the AEF

Answer 20

A stern, disciplinarian person was named black jack by West Point candidates as a reference to his time with the 10th Cavalry, a unit of Buffalo Soldiers.
AEF: American expeditionary forces were created to fill the need for troops in Europe.

Question 21

The Harlem Hell-fighters (368th)

Answer 21

369th Infantry Regiment, formerly known as the 15th New York National Guard Regiment, was an infantry regiment of the USANG during WWI-II.
The regiment consisted of African Americans as well as Puerto Ricans and was known for being the first African American regiment to serve with the American expeditionary forces during WWI.

Question 22

!00% American Campaign

Answer 22

“any man who carries a hyphen about with him carries a dagger that he is ready to plunge into the heart of this republic” - Woodrow Wilson

Question 23

Espionage and Sedition Acts

Answer 23

Two laws were enacted in 1917 and 1918 that imposed harsh penalties on anyone interfering with or speaking against U.S. participation in WWI.

Question 24

American Protective League

Answer 24

An American wwI-era private organization that worked with federal law enforcement agencies in support of anti-German Empire movements, as well as against racial anarchists, anti-war activists, and left-wing labor and political organizations.

Question 25

A. Phillip Randolph and Eugene Debs

Answer 25

A black leader who threatens a march to end discrimination in the workplace. America's most prominent socialist was charged with 10 counts of sedition for urging resistance to the draft. He was sentenced to 10 years in prison but was released after three years due to sickness.

Question 26

IWW (Wobblies)

Answer 26

Industrial workers of the world are the most racial group. Under Haywood, a utopian state was envisioned, run by workers. It was a small group but accepted blacks, women, and immigrants.

Question 27

George Creel and the CPI

Answer 27

The head of the committee on Public Information, a propaganda organization created by President Woodrow Wilson during WWI

Question 28

War Industries Board (Bernard Baruch)

Answer 28

The most powerful agency of the war, led by Bernard Baruch, had to satisfy the allied needs for goods and direct American industries in what to produce.

Question 29

Consumerism

Answer 29

The buying of goods and services for convenience or leisurely pleasures.

Question 30

The Long Red Summer of 1919

Answer 30

The explosion of racial violence and oppression that swept the nation

Question 31

1st Red Scare

Answer 31

The Bloshevik Revolution in Russia led many to fear that immigrants, particularly from Russia, southern Europe, and eastern Europe, intended to overthrow the U.S. government; the end of WWI caused production to decline and unemployment to rise.

Question 32

A. Mitchell Palmer

Answer 32

Attorney General who authorized anti-racial raids and deportations

Question 33

Edgar J. Hoover

Answer 33

Leader of the FBI that began NARCS during the red scare. The first director of the FBI in the U.S

Question 34

Billy Sunday and Aimee McPherson

Answer 34

Billy - A former professional baseball player, became one of the nation's most prominent evangelists (conversion preacher). While his popularity declined during the 1920s his sermons played an important role in the passage of the 18th amendment (prohibition) Aimee - An evangelist who surpassed Billy Sunday

Question 35

Great Migration

Answer 35

Movement of over 300,000 African Americans from the rural south into northern cities between 1914 and 1920 Push - leaving southern segregation, devastation of crops Pull - growing demand for labor

Question 36

The Lost Generation and the Agrarians

Answer 36

The Lost Generation is the demographic cohort that reached early adulthood during WWI and preceded the Greatest Generation. The southern Agrarians were twelve southerners who wrote an agrarian literary manifesto in 1930. They and their essay collection, I'll Take My Stand: The Southern and the Agrarian Tradition contributed to the Southern Renaissance, the reinvigoration of Southern literature in the 1920-1930s.

Question 37

Harlem (Marcus Garvey)

Answer 37

Born in Jamacia and trained as a printer, Garvey was inspired by Booker T.Washington to create the Univeral Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) to unite all of the African diaspora to "establish a country and absolute government of their own"

Question 38

Bonus Expeditionary Force

Answer 38

Thousands of WWI vets who insisted on immediate payment of their bonus certificates marched on Washington in 1932. Violence ensued when President Herbert Hoover ordered their tent villages to be cleared.

Question 39

Causes of the Great Depression

Answer 39

Stock markets crashed, unemployment rose, the dustbowl, overproduction of everything, layoffs, buying credit.

Question 40

The Dust Bowl and the Oakies

Answer 40

High prices and good weather increased grain production across the Great Plains. Once prices collapsed, many farmers walked away from their fields, leaving the soil exposed. Oakie - usually described "white" migratory agriculture workers

Question 41

Herbert Hoover and the RFC

Answer 41

In 1932, the Reconstruction Finance Corp was created by congress with the backing of President Hoover

Question 42

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Answer 42

32nd president of the USA who created the New Deal to fight the Great Depression led the country to WWII.

Question 43

New Deal Programs

Answer 43

FRDs plan to help the US during the great depression included programs such as the Civilian Conservation Corps, National Recovery Act, Works Progress Administration, Agricultural Adjustment Act, Securities and Exchange Commission, Tennessee Valley Authority, and Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

Question 44

CCC/ She She She

Answer 44

CCC- During the great depression, thousands of unemployed men picked up saws and axes. They headed to the woods to serve in the Civilian Conservation Corps, a New Deal program that unemployed about 3 million men. She She She - Between 1934-1937, thousands of women attended "She She She Camps," a short-lived group of camps designed to support women without jobs.

Question 45

Court Packing Scheme

Answer 45

FDR's plan to "pack" the Supreme Court with supporters to keep his New Deal programs from being declared unconstitutional

Question 46

Gentlemen's Agreement

Answer 46

Needing support for his programs, FDR avoided openly criticizing Southern race relations, resulting in African Americans not receiving their full due in terms of benefits.

Question 47

Elenor Roosevelt

Answer 47

Wife of FDR and the most active first lady in history. Powerfully influenced the politics of the national government, battling for the impoverished and oppressed.

Question 48

Huey Long

Answer 48

As a senator in 1932, Washington preached his "Share Our Wealth" programs. It was a 100% tax on all incomes over 1 million and appropriation of all fortunes over 5 million. With his money, Long proposed to give every American family a comfortable income.

Question 49

Legacies of the New Deal

Answer 49

Growth in size and power of the federal government, acceptance of the idea that the government has a duty to help its citizens, acceptance of deficit spending, government support for its rights of organized labor, no more laissez-faire (a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering.)