Exam #1

Question 1

Homestead Act of 1862

Answer 1

After the civil war the act allowed setters to claim up to 160 acres of land for $10

Question 2

Battle of the Wounded Knee

Answer 2

United States troops slaughtered hundred of the Lakota Indians

Question 3

Tuners Thesis

Answer 3

Strength and vitality lay in American identity. “The significance of the frontier in American history”

Question 4

Buffalo Bills Wild West Show

Answer 4

In 1883 the wild west show toured all over America while also featuring Annie Oakley

Question 5

Industrialization

Answer 5

Social-economic change and the reorganization of an economy for the purpose of manufacturing

Question 6

Industrialization: Why Here?

Answer 6

Political, Democracy of Consumption, Shortage of Skilled Laborers, Education, Vast Resources

Question 7

Andrew Carnegie + American Steel

Answer 7

Pittsburgh became the center of the steel industry, allowing steel to be made from iron more efficiently and quickly. (railways)

Question 8

Robber Baron

Answer 8

Their monopoly was forced and they exploited labor, violence, fraud, coercion, and corruption

Question 9

J.P Morgan and the Panic of 1893

Answer 9

Morgan bailed out America of bankruptcy and sold his bonds, making an additional $18 million.

Question 10

Horizontal Integration

Answer 10

An expansion strategy that involves the acquisition of another company

Question 11

Vertical Integration

Answer 11

An expansion strategy is where a company takes control over one or more stages in the production or distribution of its products.

Question 12

Homestead and Henry Clay Frick

Answer 12

Wages were cut by 18%, and Frick fortified the plant against the union strike. He hired over 300 Pinkerton men and sent the national guard to the plant to fight against the union

Question 13

Pullman

Answer 13

The Pullman Company was prided over their workforce treatment, but employees disagreed with their strict rules and treatment.

Question 14

Ludlow Colorado

Answer 14

Mining union, tent city, big massacre

Question 15

New Immigration

Answer 15

The influx of Catholics and Jewish immigrants from southern and eastern Europe. Ellis Island, Angel Island

Question 16

Americanization

Answer 16

The process of immigrants assimilating to the customs and institutions of the u.s (including adopting English as their primary language)

Question 17

Acculturation

Answer 17

When one culture adopts or burrows traits and customs from another.

Question 18

Political Machine

Answer 18

Political party organized by a single boss or small group

Question 19

Nativism

Answer 19

Political policy of promoting or protecting the “native born” over immigrants

Question 20

Biological Theory and Eugenics

Answer 20

Eugenics is an immoral and pseudoscientific theory that claims it is possible to perfect people and groups through genetics and the scientific laws of inheritance.

Question 21

The Birth of a Nation

Answer 21

the Ku Klux Klan saved innocent white southerners from anarchy when radical Reconstructionists temporarily gave power to undeserving and incapable Black men after the Civil War.

Question 22

100% Americanism

Answer 22

advocated total allegiance to the United States, its customs and traditions, symbols, government, and language.

Question 23

The 2nd Klan (know the main players)

Answer 23

the Second Klan paid full-time recruiters and operated in every state from a national headquarters. At the peak of its popularity in 1924-5, the organization claimed four to five million men as members, or about fifteen percent of the nation’s eligible population. It espoused nativist ideologies, discriminated against any group it deemed “un-American,” and supported the culture of Jim Crow segregation with threats and violent acts, such as lynchings.

Question 24

Populism (Know their core beliefs)

Answer 24

(A government allows its people to govern themselves.)
Populism is a political style of action that mobilizes a sizeable alienated element of a population against a government that is seen as controlled by an out-of-touch closed elite that acts on behalf of its interests. The underlying ideology of Populists can be left, right, or middle. It also tends to be reactive.

Question 25

Ignatius Donnelly and Tom Watson

Answer 25

Donnelly was a gifted propagandist and writer. More than any other person, he gave the farmers a voice, writing a series of inflammatory editorials and articles. Tom Watson was an American Populist and white supremacist politician, attorney, newspaper editor, and writer from Georgia.

Question 26

The Smoke-filled Room

Answer 26

In the days before primaries, party bosses would engineer who would be the national candidates. They would then forward their selections to the national convention for ratification.

Question 27

William Jennings Bryan

Answer 27

A tremendous speaker, Bryan stole the Democratic nomination in 1896 with his ‘Cross of Gold’ speech, undercutting the Populists. He was only 36 years old.

Question 28

The “New” Imperialism

Answer 28

Imperialism is the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.

Question 29

Alfred Mahan’s “Pre-requisites”

Answer 29

- A productive economy -Thriving foreign commerce -Colonies, both as markets and sources for raw materials -A strong Navy, both for defense and power projection -A strong merchant marine -An overseas network of coaling stations and resupply points

Question 30

Jingoism

Answer 30

extreme patriotism, especially in the form of aggressive or warlike foreign policy.

Question 31

The White Man’s Burden

Answer 31

Kipling's belief that the British Empire was the Englishman's "Divine Burden to reign God's Empire on Earth" celebrates British colonialism as a mission of civilisation that eventually would benefit the colonised natives.

Question 32

Yellow Journalism and the USS Maine

Answer 32

The American "yellow press" blame Spain in banner headlines, outraging the public and inciting the rallying cry, "Remember the Maine! To hell with Spain!" Over 260 crew members perish in this event, which was a contributing factor in the outbreak of the Spanish-American War.

Question 33

The Spanish American War

Answer 33

The Spanish–American War began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, leading to United States intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. Wikipedia

Question 34

Philippines (‘Benevolent Assimilation’)

Answer 34

Benevolent assimilation refers to a policy of the United States towards the Philippines as described in a proclamation by US President William McKinley that was issued in a memorandum to the U.S. Secretary of War on December 21, 1898, after the signing of the Treaty of Paris, which ended the Spanish–American War.

Question 35

Theodore Roosevelt and the “Big Stick"

Answer 35

Big stick ideology, big stick diplomacy, big stick philosophy, or big stick policy refers to an aphorism often said by the 26th president of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt; "speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far".

Question 36

Panama Canal

Answer 36

The Panama Canal serves as a maritime shortcut that saves time and costs in transporting all kinds of goods.

Question 37

Sharecropping (weaknesses)

Answer 37

Sharecropping was harmful to tenants with many cases of high interest rates, unpredictable harvests, and unscrupulous landlords and merchants often keeping tenant farm families severely indebted

Question 38

Booker T. Washington (Industrial Education)

Answer 38

He proposed an idea of “industrial education”, in which blacks were to go to school and learn a trade. He believed in this way blacks would prove themselves valuable to the community and eventually grow into an equal member.

Question 39

WEB Dubois (Talented 10th)

Answer 39

The talented tenth is a term that designated a leadership class of African Americans in the early 20th century. Although the term was created by white Northern philanthropists, it is primarily associated with W. E. B. Du Bois, who used it as title of an influential essay, published in 1903.

Question 40

The Niagara Movement and the NAACP

Answer 40

The movement was dedicated to obtaining civil rights for African-Americans. In 1909, the Niagara Movement was hampered by a lack of funds, and many members (including DuBois) joined the newly-founded National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

Question 41

Jim Crow (Origins)

Answer 41

The Jim Crow persona is a theater character developed by entertainer Thomas D. Rice (1808–1860) and popularized through his minstrel shows. The character is a stereotypical depiction of African-Americans and of their culture.

Question 42

Plessey v. Ferguson and John M. Harlan

Answer 42

In short, segregation did not in itself constitute unlawful discrimination. In dissent, John Marshall Harlan argued that the Constitution was color-blind and that the United States had no class system. Accordingly, all citizens should have equal access to civil rights.

Question 43

Herrenvolk Democracy

Answer 43

Herrenvolk democracy is a system of government in which only a specific ethnic group participates in government while other groups are disenfranchised. Ethnocracy, in which one group dominates the state, is a related concept.

Question 44

The Mississippi Plan

Answer 44

In 1875 white conservatives in the state came up with the "Mississippi Plan" to insure their victory in the upcoming elections. This plan used intimidation of black voters and outright fraud to guarantee that white Democrats would take control of the state government.

Question 45

Jack Johnson

Answer 45

Jack Johnson, the first black heavyweight champion, whose reign lasted from 1908 to 1915, was also the first African American pop culture icon.